Difference between revisions of "NanoPi M2A"
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启动NanoPi M2A前，请先准备好以下硬件 | 启动NanoPi M2A前，请先准备好以下硬件 | ||
* NanoPi M2A主板 | * NanoPi M2A主板 | ||
| − | * TF卡: Class10或以上的 8GB SDHC卡 | + | * microSD卡/TF卡: Class10或以上的 8GB SDHC卡 |
| − | * | + | * 一个microUSB接口的外接电源，要求输出为5V/2A（可使用同规格的手机充电器） |
* 一台支持HDMI输入的显示器或者电视（或选购LCD配件） | * 一台支持HDMI输入的显示器或者电视（或选购LCD配件） | ||
* 一套USB键盘鼠标，同时连接还需要USB HUB （或选购串口转接板，要PC上进行操作） | * 一套USB键盘鼠标，同时连接还需要USB HUB （或选购串口转接板，要PC上进行操作） | ||
* 一台电脑，需要联网，建议使用Ubuntu 14.04 64位系统 | * 一台电脑，需要联网，建议使用Ubuntu 14.04 64位系统 | ||
| − | + | {{S5P4418BootFromSDCard|NanoPi-M2A}} | |
| − | + | {{BurnOSToEMMC|NanoPi-M2A|s5p4418-eflasher}} | |
| − | + | {{S5PXX18MakeSDCardViaSDFusing|NanoPi-M2A|sd-fuse_nanopi2}} | |
| − | + | {{ResizeTFCardFS|NanoPi-M2A}} | |
| − | + | {{S5Pxx18HDMI|NanoPi-M2A|arch/arm/plat-s5p4418/nanopi2/lcds.c}} | |
| − | + | {{S5Pxx18MofidyKernelCommandLineOnHostPC|NanoPi-M2A|sd-fuse_nanopi2}} | |
| − | + | {{NanoPCStartToUse|NanoPi-M2A}} | |
| − | + | {{FriendlyCoreGeneral|NanoPi-M2A}} | |
| − | + | {{FriendlyCoreS5Pxx18|NanoPi-M2A}} | |
| − | + | {{S5P4418BuildFromSource|NanoPi-M2A}} | |
| − | + | {{S5Pxx18ExternalModules|NanoPi-M2A}} | |
| − | + | {{S5Pxx18AccessHWUnderAndroid|NanoPi-M2A}} | |
| − | + | {{S5Pxx18ConnectToLCDModules|NanoPi-M2A}} | |
| − | + | {{S5P4418Resources|NanoPi-M2A}} | |
| − | + | {{DownloadUrl|NanoPi-M2A}} | |
| − | + | {{TechSupport|NanoPi-M2A}} | |
| − | + | {{S5P4418ChangeLog}} | |
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Revision as of 07:06, 8 February 2018
Contents
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Hardware Spec
- 3 Diagram, Layout and Dimension
- 4 快速入门
- 5 Work with FriendlyCore
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 System Login
- 5.3 Configure System with npi-config
- 5.4 Develop Qt Application
- 5.5 Setup Program to AutoRun
- 5.6 Extend TF Card's Section
- 5.7 Transfer files using Bluetooth
- 5.8 WiFi
- 5.9 Ethernet Connection
- 5.10 Custom welcome message
- 5.11 Modify timezone
- 5.12 Select the system default audio device
- 5.13 Run Qt 5.10.0 Demo with GPU acceleration
- 5.14 Run Qt 5.10.0 Demo with OpenGL
- 5.15 Play HD Video with Hardware-decoding
- 5.16 Connect to DVP Camera CAM500B
- 5.17 Power Off and Schedule Power On
- 5.18 Installing and Using OpenCV 4.1.2
- 5.19 Installing and Using Caffe
- 6 Make Your Own OS Image
- 7 Connect NanoPi-M2A to External Modules
- 8 Access Hardware under Android
- 9 Connect NanoPi-M2A to FriendlyARM LCD Modules
- 10 Resources
- 11 Source Code and Image Files Download Links
- 12 Tech Support
- 13 Update Log
- 13.1 2023-01-09
- 13.2 2020-10-26
- 13.3 2019-12-28
- 13.4 2019-11-26
- 13.5 2019-11-14
- 13.6 2019-10-18
- 13.7 2019-09-30
- 13.8 2019-07-18
- 13.9 2019-06-25
- 13.10 2019-06-03
- 13.11 2019-01-24
- 13.12 2018-12-17
- 13.13 March-04-2016
- 13.14 March-09-2016
- 13.15 March-23-2016
- 13.16 March-27-2016
- 13.17 April-08-2016
- 13.18 June-30-2016
- 13.19 Sep-04-2016
- 13.20 Sep-27-2016
- 13.21 Nov-2-2016
- 13.22 Nov-17-2016
- 13.23 Dec-7-2016
- 13.24 June-13-2016
- 13.25 June-20-2016
1 Introduction
- The NanoPi M2A is another ARM board developed by FriendlyARM for makers, hobbyists and hackers.
- The NanoPi M2A uses the Samsung Quad-Core Cortex-A9 S5P4418 SoC. Its dynamic frequency scales from 400M up to 1.4GHz. It has all the interfaces and ports the NanoPi M2 has and in addition it has built-in WiFi and Bluetooth. It has DVP Camera/LVDS/HDMI/LCD interfaces, I2S, 3.5mm audio jack, four USB ports and a serial debug port. It has power management unit and onboard porcelain antenna.
- The NanoPi M2A works with Ubuntu Core with Qt, Android4.4, Android5.1 and Debian8.1. These systems' kernel is fully open source. In addition FriendlyElec provides rich code samples and programming guide.
2 Hardware Spec
- CPU: S5P4418, 400Mhz~1.4GHz
- PMU Power Management Unit: AXP228, support software power-off, sleep and wakeup functions
- DDR3 RAM: 1GB
- MicroSD Slot x1
- Connectivity: 10/100/1000M Ethernet (RTL8211E)
- Wireless:802.11 b/g/n
- Bluetooth:4.0 dual mode
- Antenna: Shared by Wi-Fi and bluetooth, onboard porcelain antenna and IPX interface
- Audio: 3.5mm audio jack/Via HDMI
- I2S: Onboard I2S interface, 7Pin 2.54mm pitch pin-header
- Microphone: 1 x onboard Microphone
- USB Host: 4 x USB 2.0 Host, two are standard type A ports and the other two are 2.54mm pitch pin headers
- Micro USB: 1 x USB 2.0 Client
- LCD Interface: 0.5 mm pitch 45pin SMT FPC seat, for full-color LCD (RGB: 8-8-8)
- HDMI: HDMI 1.4A, Type-A, 1080P60
- LVDS: 20Pin 2.0mm pitch pin-header
- DVP Camera Interface: 0.5mm pitch 24pin FPC socket.
- GPIO: 2.54mm pitch 40pin header, compatible with Raspberry Pi's GPIO. It includes UART, SPI, I2C, PWM, IO etc
- Debug Serial Port: 4Pin 2.54mm pitch pin header
- User Key: 1 x Power , 1 x Reset
- LED: 1 x Power LED, 1 x System Status LED
- RTC: RTC Pins
- PCB Dimension:64 x 60 mm, six-layer, ENIG
- Power: DC 5V/3A
- OS/Software: u-boot, Android5.1, Debian8, Android4.4, UbuntuCore+Qt
3 Diagram, Layout and Dimension
3.1 Layout
- GPIO Pin Description
Pin# Name Pin# Name 1 SYS_3.3V 2 VDD_5V 3 I2C0_SDA 4 VDD_5V 5 I2C0_SCL 6 DGND 7 GPIOD8/PPM 8 UART3_TXD/GPIOD21 9 DGND 10 UART3_RXD/GPIOD17 11 UART4_TX/GPIOB29 12 GPIOD1/PWM0 13 GPIOB30 14 DGND 15 GPIOB31 16 GPIOC14/PWM2 17 SYS_3.3V 18 GPIOB27 19 SPI0_MOSI/GPIOC31 20 DGND 21 SPI0_MISO/GPIOD0 22 UART4_RX/GPIOB28 23 SPI0_CLK/GPIOC29 24 SPI0_CS/GPIOC30 25 DGND 26 GPIOB26 27 I2C1_SDA 28 I2C1_SCL 29 GPIOC8 30 DGND 31 GPIOC7 32 GPIOC28 33 GPIOC13/PWM1 34 DGND 35 SPI2_MISO/GPIOC11 36 SPI2_CS/GPIOC10 37 AliveGPIO3 38 SPI2_MOSI/GPIOC12 39 DGND 40 SPI2_CLK/GPIOC9
This GPIO pin spec is a little bit different from that of the NanoPi 2. Here is a comparison table of the two:40 pins GPIO comparison table
- Debug Port（UART0）
Pin# Name 1 DGND 2 VDD_5V 3 UART_TXD0 4 UART_RXD0
- 7Pin I2S Pin Description
Pin# Name 1 DGND 2 VDD_3.3V 3 I2S_BCK1 4 I2S_LRCK1 5 I2S_SDOUT1 6 I2S_SDIN1 7 I2S_MCLK1
- 20Pin LVDS Pin Description
Pin# Name Pin# Name 1 SYS_3.3V 2 SYS_3.3V 3 GPIOC16 4 GPIOB18 5 DGND 6 DGND 7 LVDS_D0- 8 LVDS_D0+ 9 LVDS_D1- 10 LVDS_D1+ 11 LVDS_D2- 12 LVDS_D2+ 13 DGND 14 DGND 15 LVDS_CLK- 16 LVDS_CLK+ 17 LVDS_D3- 18 LVDS_D3+ 19 I2C2_SCL 20 I2C2_SDA
- DVP Camera IF Pin Description
Pin# Name 1, 2 SYS_3.3V 7,9,13,15,24 DGND 3 I2C0_SCL 4 I2C0_SDA 5 GPIOB14 6 GPIOB16 8,10 NC 11 VSYNC 12 HREF 14 PCLK 16-23 Data bit7-0
- RGB LCD IF Pin Description
Pin# Name Description 1, 2 VDD_5V 5V Output, it can be used to power LCD modules 11，20，29, 37，38，39，40, 45 DGND Ground 3-10 Blue LSB to MSB RGB Blue 12-19 Green LSB to MSB RGB Green 21-28 Red LSB to MSB RGB Red 30 GPIOB25 available for users 31 GPIOC15 occupied by FriendlyARM one wire technology to recognize LCD models and control backlight and implement resistive touch, not applicable for users 32 XnRSTOUT Form CPU low when system is reset 33 VDEN signal the external LCD that data is valid on the data bus 34 VSYNC vertical synchronization 35 HSYNC horizontal synchronization 36 LCDCLK LCD clock, Pixel frequency 41 I2C2_SCL I2C2 clock signal, for capacitive touch data transmission 42 I2C2_SDA I2C2 data signal, for capacitive touch data transmission 43 GPIOC16 interrupt pin for capacitive touch, used with I2C2 44 NC not connected
- Note
- SYS_3.3V: 3.3V power output
- VVDD_5V: 5V power input/output. When the external device’s power is greater than the MicroUSB’s the external device is charging the board otherwise the board powers the external device. The input range is 4.7V ~ 5.6V
- All pins are 3.3V, output current is 5mA
- For more details refer to the document: NanoPi-M2A-1604-Schematic.pdf
3.2 Board Dimension
- For more details refer to the document:PCB in dxf format
4 快速入门
4.1 准备工作
启动NanoPi M2A前，请先准备好以下硬件
- NanoPi M2A主板
- microSD卡/TF卡: Class10或以上的 8GB SDHC卡
- 一个microUSB接口的外接电源，要求输出为5V/2A（可使用同规格的手机充电器）
- 一台支持HDMI输入的显示器或者电视（或选购LCD配件）
- 一套USB键盘鼠标，同时连接还需要USB HUB （或选购串口转接板，要PC上进行操作）
- 一台电脑，需要联网，建议使用Ubuntu 14.04 64位系统
4.2 Boot from SD Card
Get the following files from here download link:
- Get a 8G SDHC card and backup its data if necessary.
| Image Files | |
| s5p4418-sd-friendlycore-xenial-4.4-armhf-YYYYMMDD.img.zip | FriendlyCore with Qt 5.10.0 (base on Ubuntu core) image file |
| s5p4418-sd-lubuntu-desktop-xenial-4.4-armhf-YYYYMMDD.img.zip | LUbuntu Desktop image file with X Window |
| s5p4418-sd-friendlywrt-4.4-YYYYMMDD.img.zip | FriendlyWrt image file (base on OpenWrt) |
| s5p4418-sd-android7-YYYYMMDD.img.zip | Android7 image file |
| s5p4418-sd-android-kitkat-YYYYMMDD.img.zip | Android4.4 image file with support for 4G LTE |
| s5p4418-sd-android-lollipop-YYYYMMDD.img.zip | Android5.1 image file |
| s5p4418-eflasher-lubuntu-desktop-xenial-4.4-armhf-YYYYMMDD.img.zip | SD card image, which is used to install a lubuntu desktop to eMMC |
| s5p4418-eflasher-friendlywrt-4.4-YYYYMMDD.img.zip | SD card image, which is used to install a FriendlyWrt to eMMC |
| s5p4418-eflasher-android7-YYYYMMDD.img.zip | SD card image, which is used to install a android7 to eMMC |
| s5p4418-eflasher-friendlycore-xenial-4.4-armhf-YYYYMMDD.img.zip | SD card image, which is used to install a friendly-core to eMMC |
| s5p4418-eflasher-android-kitkat-YYYYMMDD.img.zip | SD card image, which is used to install a android4 to eMMC |
| s5p4418-eflasher-android-lollipop-YYYYMMDD.img.zip | SD card image, which is used to install a android5 to eMMC |
| Flash Utility: | |
| win32diskimager.rar | Windows utility. Under Linux users can use "dd" |
- Uncompress these files. Insert an SD card(at least 4G) into a Windows PC and run the win32diskimager utility as administrator. On the utility's main window select your SD card's drive, the wanted image file and click on "write" to start flashing the SD card.
- Insert this card into your board's boot slot, press and hold the boot key (only applies to a board with onboard eMMC) and power on (with a 5V/2A power source). If the PWR LED is on and LED1 is blinking this indicates your board has successfully booted.
4.3 Flash image to eMMC with eflasher
- Download eflasher image file
An image file's name is as : s5p4418-eflasher-OSNAME-YYYYMMDD.img.zip
The "OSNAME" is the name of an OS e.g. android, friendlycore and etc;
This image file is used for making an installation SD card and it contains a Ubuntu core system and a utility EFlasher;
Download s5p4418-eflasher-OSNAME-YYYYMMDD.img.zip to a host PC and get a windows utility win32diskimager.rar as well;
- Make Installation SD Card with eflasher
Extract the package with a 7z utility and you will get a file with an extension ".img". Insert an SDHC card(minimum 8G or above) to a PC running Windows, run the Win32DiskImager utility as administrator, click on "Image File" to select your wanted file, select your SD card and click on "Write" to start flashing the Image to your SD card;
If your PC runs Linux you can command "dd" to extract the package and get an ".img" file and write it to your SD card;
- Operate in GUI Window: Flash OS to eMMC
Insert your SD card to NanoPi-M2A, connect an HDMI monitor or LCD to your board, press and hold the "boot" key beside the Ethernet port, power on the board you will see a pop-up window asking you to select an OS for installation. Select your wanted OS and start installation.
- Operate in Commandline Utility: Flash OS to eMMC
Insert an installation SD card to NanoPi-M2A, log into or SSH to your board and run the following command to start EFlasher:
sudo eflasher4.3.1 Make Installation Card under Linux Desktop
- 1) Insert your SD card into a host computer running Ubuntu and check your SD card's device name
dmesg | tail
Search the messages output by "dmesg" for similar words like "sdc: sdc1 sdc2". If you can find them it means your SD card has been recognized as "/dev/sdc". Or you can check that by commanding "cat /proc/partitions"
- 2) Downlaod Linux script
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_nanopi2.git
cd sd-fuse_nanopi2
- 3) Here is how to make a Lubuntu desktop SD card
sudo ./fusing.sh /dev/sdx lubuntu
(Note: you need to replace "/dev/sdx" with the device name in your system)
When you run the script for the first time it will prompt you to download an image you have to hit “Y” within 10 seconds otherwise you will miss the download
- 4) Run this command to make a complete image file:
sudo ./mkimage.sh lubuntu
More content please refre: Assembling the SD card image yourself
4.4 Extend SD Card Section
- When Debian/Ubuntu is loaded the SD card's section will be automatically extended.
- When Android is loaded you need to run the following commands on your host PC to extend your SD card's section:
sudo umount /dev/sdx? sudo parted /dev/sdx unit % resizepart 4 100 resizepart 7 100 unit MB print sudo resize2fs -f /dev/sdx7
(Note: you need to replace "/dev/sdx" with the device name in your system)
4.5 LCD/HDMI Resolution
When the system boots our uboot will check whether it is connected to an LCD or to an HDMI monitor. If it recognizes an LCD it will configure its resolution. Our uboot defaults to the HDMI 720P configuration.
If you want to modify the LCD resolution you can modify file "arch/arm/plat-s5p4418/nanopi2/lcds.c" in the kernel and recompile it.
If your NanoPi-M2A is connected to an HDMI monitor and it runs Android it will automatically set the resolution to an appropriate HDMI mode by checking the "EDID". If your NanoPi-M2A is connected to an HDMI monitor and it runs Debian by default it will set the resolution to the HDMI 720P configuration. If you want to modify the HDMI resolution to 1080P modify your kernel's configuration as explained above.
4.6 Update SD Card's boot parameters From PC Host
Insert your SD card into a host PC running Linux, if you want to change your kernel command line parameters you can do it via the fw_setevn utility.
Check the current Command Line:
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_nanopi2.git
cd sd-fuse_nanopi2/tools
./fw_printenv /dev/sdx | grep bootargs
For example, to disable android SELinux, You can change it this way:
./fw_setenv /dev/sdc bootargs XXX androidboot.selinux=permissive
The "XXX" stands for the original bootargs' value.
4.7 Run Android or Linux (TODO)
- 将制作好SD卡插入NanoPi-M2A，连接HDMI，按住靠近网口的boot按键，最后接电源(5V 2A)拨动开关，NanoPi-M2A会从SD卡启动。你可以看到板上PWR灯常亮,LED1灯闪烁，这说明系统已经开始启动了，同时电视上也将能看到系统启动的画面。
- 要在电视上进行操作，你需要连接USB鼠标和键盘；如果你选购了LCD配件，则可以直接使用LCD上面的触摸屏进行操作。
5 Work with FriendlyCore
5.1 Introduction
FriendlyCore is a light Linux system without X-windows, based on ubuntu core, It uses the Qt-Embedded's GUI and is popular in industrial and enterprise applications.
Besides the regular Ubuntu core's features our FriendlyCore has the following additional features:
- it supports our LCDs with both capacitive touch and resistive touch(S700, X710, HD702, S430, HD101 and S70)
- it supports WiFi
- it supports Ethernet
- it supports Bluetooth and has been installed with bluez utilities
- it supports audio playing
- it supports Qt 5.10.0 EGLES and OpenGL ES1.1/2.0 (Only for S5P4418/S5P6818)
5.2 System Login
- If your board is connected to an HDMI monitor you need to use a USB mouse and keyboard.
- If you want to do kernel development you need to use a serial communication board, ie a PSU-ONECOM board, which will
For example, NanoPi-M1：
You can use a USB to Serial conversion board too.
Make sure you use a 5V/2A power to power your board from its MicroUSB port:
For example, NanoPi-NEO2：
- FriendlyCore User Accounts:
Non-root User:
User Name: pi Password: pi
Root:
User Name: root Password: fa
The system is automatically logged in as "pi". You can do "sudo npi-config" to disable auto login.
- Update packages
$ sudo apt-get update
5.3 Configure System with npi-config
The npi-config is a commandline utility which can be used to initialize system configurations such as user password, system language, time zone, Hostname, SSH switch , Auto login and etc. Type the following command to run this utility.
$ sudo npi-config
Here is how npi-config's GUI looks like:
5.4 Develop Qt Application
Please refer to: How to Build and Install Qt Application for FriendlyELEC Boards
5.5 Setup Program to AutoRun
You can setup a program to autorun on system boot with npi-config:
sudo npi-configGo to Boot Options -> Autologin -> Qt/Embedded, select Enable and reboot.
5.6 Extend TF Card's Section
When FriendlyCore is loaded the TF card's section will be automatically extended.You can check the section's size by running the following command:
$ df -h
5.7 Transfer files using Bluetooth
Take the example of transferring files to the mobile phone. First, set your mobile phone Bluetooth to detectable status, then execute the following command to start Bluetooth search.：
hcitool scan
Search results look like：
Scanning ...
2C:8A:72:1D:46:02 HTC6525LVWThis means that a mobile phone named HTC6525LVW is searched. We write down the MAC address in front of the phone name, and then use the sdptool command to view the Bluetooth service supported by the phone：
sdptool browser 2C:8A:72:1D:46:02
Note: Please replace the MAC address in the above command with the actual Bluetooth MAC address of the mobile phone.
This command will detail the protocols supported by Bluetooth for mobile phones. What we need to care about is a file transfer service called OBEX Object Push. Take the HTC6525LVW mobile phone as an example. The results are as follows：
Service Name: OBEX Object Push Service RecHandle: 0x1000b Service Class ID List: "OBEX Object Push" (0x1105) Protocol Descriptor List: "L2CAP" (0x0100) "RFCOMM" (0x0003) Channel: 12 "OBEX" (0x0008) Profile Descriptor List: "OBEX Object Push" (0x1105) Version: 0x0100
As can be seen from the above information, the channel used by the OBEX Object Push service of this mobile phone is 12, we need to pass it to the obexftp command, and finally the command to initiate the file transfer request is as follows：
obexftp --nopath --noconn --uuid none --bluetooth -b 2C:8A:72:1D:46:02 -B 12 -put example.jpg
Note: Please replace the MAC address, channel and file name in the above command with the actual one.
After executing the above commands, please pay attention to the screen of the mobile phone. The mobile phone will pop up a prompt for pairing and receiving files. After confirming, the file transfer will start.
Bluetooth FAQ：
1) Bluetooth device not found on the development board, try to open Bluetooth with the following command：
rfkill unblock 02) Prompt can not find the relevant command, you can try to install related software with the following command：
apt-get install bluetooth bluez obexftp openobex-apps python-gobject ussp-push5.8 WiFi
For either an SD WiFi or a USB WiFi you can connect it to your board in the same way. The APXX series WiFi chips are SD WiFi chips. By default FriendlyElec's system supports most popular USB WiFi modules. Here is a list of the USB WiFi modules we tested:
Index Model 1 RTL8188CUS/8188EU 802.11n WLAN Adapter 2 RT2070 Wireless Adapter 3 RT2870/RT3070 Wireless Adapter 4 RTL8192CU Wireless Adapter 5 mi WiFi mt7601 6 5G USB WiFi RTL8821CU 7 5G USB WiFi RTL8812AU
You can use the NetworkManager utility to manage network. You can run "nmcli" in the commandline utility to start it. Here are the commands to start a WiFi connection:
- Change to root
$ su root
- Check device list
$ nmcli devNote: if the status of a device is "unmanaged" it means that device cannot be accessed by NetworkManager. To make it accessed you need to clear the settings under "/etc/network/interfaces" and reboot your system.
- Start WiFi
$ nmcli r wifi on- Scan Surrounding WiFi Sources
$ nmcli dev wifi- Connect to a WiFi Source
$ nmcli dev wifi connect "SSID" password "PASSWORD" ifname wlan0
The "SSID" and "PASSWORD" need to be replaced with your actual SSID and password.If you have multiple WiFi devices you need to specify the one you want to connect to a WiFi source with iface
If a connection succeeds it will be automatically setup on next system reboot.
For more details about NetworkManager refer to this link: Use NetworkManager to configure network settings
If your USB WiFi module doesn't work most likely your system doesn't have its driver. For a Debian system you can get a driver from Debian-WiFi and install it on your system. For a Ubuntu system you can install a driver by running the following commands:
$ apt-get install linux-firmware
In general all WiFi drivers are located at the "/lib/firmware" directory.
5.9 Ethernet Connection
If a board is connected to a network via Ethernet before it is powered on it will automatically obtain an IP with DHCP activated after it is powered up. If you want to set up a static IP refer to: Use NetworkManager to configure network settings。
5.10 Custom welcome message
The welcome message is printed from the script in this directory：
/etc/update-motd.d/
For example, to change the FriendlyELEC LOGO, you can change the file /etc/update-motd.d/10-header. For example, to change the LOGO to HELLO, you can change the following line：
TERM=linux toilet -f standard -F metal $BOARD_VENDOR
To:
TERM=linux toilet -f standard -F metal HELLO
5.11 Modify timezone
For exampe, change to Shanghai timezone:
sudo rm /etc/localtime sudo ln -ls /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
5.12 Select the system default audio device
You can set the system default audio device by following the steps below.
Use the following command to view all the sound card devices in the system (Note: different development boards will have different results):
pi@NanoPi:~$ aplay -l **** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices **** card 0: nanopi2audio [nanopi2-audio], device 0: c0055000.i2s-ES8316 HiFi ES8316 HiFi-0 [] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 card 0: nanopi2audio [nanopi2-audio], device 1: c0059000.spdiftx-dit-hifi dit-hifi-1 [] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
As you can see, the following sound card devices are available on the hardware:
Sound card device Sound card number Description nanopi2audio device 0 3.5mm jack interface nanopi2audio device 1 HDMI
To configure the audio output to the 3.5mm jack, create or modify the configuration file /etc/asound.conf and modify it to the following:
pcm.!default { type hw card 0 device 0 } ctl.!default { type hw card 0 }
To configure to output audio to HDMI, change the device 0 above to device 1.
5.13 Run Qt 5.10.0 Demo with GPU acceleration
Run the following command
$ sudo qt5demo
5.14 Run Qt 5.10.0 Demo with OpenGL
Run the following command
. setqt5env cd $QTDIR cd /examples/opengl/qopenglwidget ./qopenglwidget
For more Qt 5.10.0 examples, please go to:
cd $QTDIR/examples/
5.15 Play HD Video with Hardware-decoding
gst-player is console player, it base on GStreamer, support VPU with Hardware-decoding:
sudo gst-player /home/pi/demo.mp4
The equivalent gsteamer command is as follows：
sudo gst-launch-1.0 filesrc location=/home/pi/demo.mp4 ! qtdemux name=demux demux. ! queue ! faad ! audioconvert ! audioresample ! alsasink device="hw:0,DEV=1" demux. ! queue ! h264parse ! nxvideodec ! nxvideosink dst-x=0 dst-y=93 dst-w=1280 dst-h=533
5.16 Connect to DVP Camera CAM500B
The CAM500B camera module is a 5M-pixel camera with DVP interface. For more tech details about it you can refer to Matrix - CAM500B.
Enter the following command to preview the video：
gst-launch-1.0 -e v4l2src device=/dev/video6 ! video/x-raw,format=I420,framerate=30/1,width=1280,height=720 ! nxvideosink
Enter the following command to start recording (VPU hardware encoding)：
gst-launch-1.0 -e v4l2src device=/dev/video6 ! video/x-raw,format=I420,framerate=30/1,width=1280,height=720 ! tee name=t t. \ ! queue ! nxvideosink t. ! queue ! nxvideoenc bitrate=12000000 ! mp4mux ! \ filesink location=result_720.mp4
5.17 Power Off and Schedule Power On
“PMU Power Management” feature helps us to auto power on the board at a specific time, it is implemented by an MCU, support software power-off, and RTC alarm power-up functions.
Here’s a simple guide:
Turn on automatically after 100 seconds. (Time must be greater than 60 seconds.):
$ sudo echo 100 > /sys/class/i2c-dev/i2c-3/device/3-002d/wakealarm
After setting up the automatic boot, turn off board with the 'poweroff’ command:
$ sudo poweroff
Cancel automatic boot:
$ sudo echo 0 > /sys/class/i2c-dev/i2c-3/device/3-002d/wakealarm
Query the current settings, in the front is current time, followed by the time of automatic booting: If no automatic boot is set, it will display "disabled”.
$ sudo cat /sys/class/i2c-dev/i2c-3/device/3-002d/wakealarm
Note that some older versions of hardware may not support this feature, if you don't see this file node in your system:
/sys/class/i2c-dev/i2c-3/device/3-002d/wakealarm
your board may be it does not support this feature.
5.18 Installing and Using OpenCV 4.1.2
OpenCV has been pre-installed in FriendlyCore (Version after 20191126) and does not require manual installation.
Please refre this link: https://github.com/friendlyarm/install-opencv-on-friendlycore/blob/s5pxx18/README.md
Quick test：
. /usr/bin/cv-env.sh . /usr/bin/setqt5env-eglfs cd /usr/local/share/opencv4/samples/python python3 turing.py
5.19 Installing and Using Caffe
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/install-caffe-on-friendlycore cd install-caffe-on-friendlycore sudo ./install-caffe.sh
6 Make Your Own OS Image
6.1 Install Cross Compiler
6.1.1 Install arm-linux-gcc 4.9.3
Download the compiler package:
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/prebuilts.git -b master --depth 1 cd prebuilts/gcc-x64 cat toolchain-4.9.3-armhf.tar.gz* | sudo tar xz -C /
Then add the compiler's directory to "PATH" by appending the following lines in "~/.bashrc":
export PATH=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/4.9.3/bin:$PATH export GCC_COLORS=auto
Execute "~/.bashrc" to make the changes take effect. Note that there is a space after the first ".":
. ~/.bashrcThis compiler is a 64-bit one therefore it cannot be run on a 32-bit Linux machine. After the compiler is installed you can verify it by running the following commands:
arm-linux-gcc -v Using built-in specs. COLLECT_GCC=arm-linux-gcc COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/4.9.3/libexec/gcc/arm-cortexa9-linux-gnueabihf/4.9.3/lto-wrapper Target: arm-cortexa9-linux-gnueabihf Configured with: /work/toolchain/build/src/gcc-4.9.3/configure --build=x86_64-build_pc-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-build_pc-linux-gnu --target=arm-cortexa9-linux-gnueabihf --prefix=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/4.9.3 --with-sysroot=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/4.9.3/arm-cortexa9-linux-gnueabihf/sys-root --enable-languages=c,c++ --with-arch=armv7-a --with-tune=cortex-a9 --with-fpu=vfpv3 --with-float=hard ... Thread model: posix gcc version 4.9.3 (ctng-1.21.0-229g-FA)
6.2 Compile Linux kernel for FriendlyCore/Lubuntu/EFlasher
6.2.1 Compile Kernel
- Download Kernel Source Code
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/linux.git -b nanopi2-v4.4.y --depth 1 cd linux
The NanoPi-M2A's kernel source code is in the "nanopi2-v4.4.y" branch.You need to switch to this branch.
- Compile Ubuntu Kernel
touch .scmversion make ARCH=arm nanopi2_linux_defconfig make ARCH=arm
After your compilation succeeds an "arch/arm/boot/zImage" will be generated and a DTB file(s5p4418-nanopi2-rev*.dtb) will be generated in the "arch/arm/boot/dts/" directory. You can use them to replace the existing zImage and DTB files in the boot partition of your bootable SD card.
6.2.2 Use Your Generated Kernel
- Update kernel in SD card
If you use an SD card to boot Ubuntu you can copy your generated zImage and DTB files to your SD card's boot partition(e.g. partition 1 /dev/sdX1).
- Update kernel in eMMC
If you boot your board from eMMC you can update your kernel file by following the steps below:
1) Usually after OS is loaded eMMC's boot partition (in our example eMMC's device name was /dev/mmcblk0p1) will be automatically mounted and you can verify that by running "mount"
2) Connect your board to a host PC running Ubuntu and copy the zImage and DTB files to eMMC's boot partition
3) Or you can copy your generated kernel file to an external storage card(e.g. an SD card or a USB drive), connect the storage card to your board the move the file from the card to eMMC's boot partition
4) After update is done type "reboot" to reboot your board. Note: don't just directly disconnect your board from its power source or press the reset button to reboot the board. These actions will damage your kernel file
- Generate Your boot.img
Refer to this repo: https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_s5p4418
6.3 Compile Linux kernel for Android7
The Android 7.1.2 source code already contains the pre-compiled kernel. If you need to customize it, you can compile the kernel according to the following guide.
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/linux.git -b nanopi2-v4.4.y --depth 1 cd linux touch .scmversion make ARCH=arm nanopi2_nougat_defconfig make ARCH=arm
The newly generated kernel is arch/arm/boot/zImage，The new DTB file is also included under the directory arch/arm/boot/dts/.(s5p4418-nanopi2-rev*.dtb).
If you only want to debug the kernel, you can quickly update it with adb:
adb root; adb shell mkdir /storage/sdcard1/; adb shell mount -t ext4 /dev/block/mmcblk0p1 /storage/sdcard1/; adb push arch/arm/boot/zImage arch/arm/boot/dts/s5p4418-nanopi2-rev*.dtb /storage/sdcard1/
If you want to generate boot.img for burning, you can copy the kernel zImage and DTB files to the Android7 source code directory: device/friendlyelec/nanopi2/boot, then recompile Android7.
6.4 Compile U-Boot for Android7/FriendlyCore/Lubuntu/EFlasher
Download the U-Boot source code and compile it. Note that the github's branch is nanopi2-v2016.01:
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/u-boot.git cd u-boot git checkout nanopi2-v2016.01 make s5p4418_nanopi2_defconfig make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-
After your compilation succeeds a bootloader.img will be generated. If you want to test it flash it to your installation SD card to replace an existing U-Boot v2016.01 file via fastboot, sd-fuse_s5p4418 or eflasher ROM.
For Android7: Copy bootloader.img to Android7 source directory device/friendlyelec/nanopi2/boot, then recompile Android7.
Note: you cannot use mixed U-Boot files. For example you cannot use fastboot to update an existing U-Boot V2014.07 and you cannot use bootloader.img to replace an existing u-boot.bin
6.5 Compile Android 7.1.2
6.5.1 Install Cross Compiler
Install 64 bit Ubuntu 16.04 on your host PC.
sudo apt-get install bison g++-multilib git gperf libxml2-utils make python-networkx zip sudo apt-get install flex curl libncurses5-dev libssl-dev zlib1g-dev gawk minicom sudo apt-get install openjdk-8-jdk sudo apt-get install exfat-fuse exfat-utils device-tree-compiler liblz4-tool
For more details refer to https://source.android.com/source/initializing.html 。
6.5.2 Download Android7 Source Code
There are two ways to download the source code:
- repo archive file on netdisk
Netdisk URL: Click here
File location on netdisk：sources/s5pxx18-android-7.git-YYYYMMDD.tar (YYYYMMDD means the date of packaging)
After extracting the repo package from the network disk, you need to execute the sync.sh script, which will pull the latest code from gitlab:
tar xvf /path/to/netdisk/sources/s5pxx18-android-7.git-YYYYMMDD.tar cd s5pxx18-android-7 ./sync.sh
- git clone from gitlab
NanoPi-M2A source code is maintained in gitlab, You can download it by running the following command:
git clone https://gitlab.com/friendlyelec/s5pxx18-android-7.git -b master
6.5.3 Compile Android7
cd s5pxx18-android-7 source build/envsetup.sh lunch aosp_nanopi2-userdebug make -j8
After your compilation succeeds the following files will be generated in the "out/target/product/nanopi2/" directory.
filename partition Description bl1-mmcboot.bin raw boot firmware loader-mmc.img raw boot firmware bl_mon.img raw boot firmware bootloader.img raw uboot-v2016.01 env.conf - Uboot environment variable containing Android kernel command line parameters boot.img boot kernel zImage, DTBs; logo; Android ramdisk cache.img cache - userdata.img userdata - system.img system - partmap.txt - Partition description file
7 Connect NanoPi-M2A to External Modules
7.1 Connect NanoPi-M2A to USB Camera(FA-CAM202)
- In this use case the NanoPi-M2A runs Debian. If you connect your NanoPi-M2A to our LCD or an HDMI monitor after Debain is fully loaded click on "other"-->"xawtv" on the left bottom of the GUI and the USB Camera application will be started. After enter "welcome to xawtv！" click on "OK" to start exploring.
7.2 Connect NanoPi-M2A to CMOS 5M-Pixel Camera
For more details about the CAM500A camera refer to [1]
- If your NanoPi-M2A runs Android5.1 and it is connected to our LCD or an HDMI monitor after Android is fully loaded click on the "Camera" icon and the application will be started. You can take pictures or record videos
- Under Debian a camera utility "nanocams" is available for previewing 40 frames and picture taking. You can try it by following the commands below
sudo nanocams -p 1 -n 40 -c 4 -o IMG001.jpg
For more details about the usage of the nanocams run "nanocams -h". You can get its source code from our git hub:
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/nexell_linux_platform.git
- Under FriendlyCore (kernel 4.4), You can try it by following the commands below:
Enter the following command to preview the video：
gst-launch-1.0 -e v4l2src device=/dev/video6 ! video/x-raw,format=I420,framerate=30/1,width=1280,height=720 ! nxvideosink
Enter the following command to start recording (VPU hardware encoding)：
gst-launch-1.0 -e v4l2src device=/dev/video6 ! video/x-raw,format=I420,framerate=30/1,width=1280,height=720 ! tee name=t t. \ ! queue ! nxvideosink t. ! queue ! nxvideoenc bitrate=12000000 ! mp4mux ! \ filesink location=result_720.mp4
7.3 Use OpenCV to Access USB Camera
- The full name of "OpenCV" is Open Source Computer Vision Library and it is a cross platform vision library.
- When the NanoPi-M2A runs Debian users can use OpenCV APIs to access a USB Camera device.
1. Here is a guideline on how to use OpenCV with C++ on the NanoPi-M2A:
- Firstly you need to make sure your NanoPi-M2A is connected to the internet.Login to your NanoPi-M2A via a serial terminal or SSH. After login type in your username(root) and password(fa):
- Run the following commands:
apt-get update apt-get install libcv-dev libopencv-dev
2. Make sure your USB camera works with the NanoPi-M2A. You can test your camera with NanoPi-M2A's camera utility.
3. Check your camera device:
ls /dev/video*
- Note:in our test case video0 was the device name.
4. OpenCV's code sample(official code in C++) is under /home/fa/Documents/opencv-demo. Compile the code sample with the following commands:
cd /home/fa/Documents/opencv-demo make
After it is compiled successfully a "demo" executable will be generated
5. Connect NanoPi-M2A to USB Keyboard & Run the Following Command:
./demoopencv is successfully started
7.4 Connect NanoPi-M2A to Matrix GPS Module
- The Matrix-GPS module is a small GPS module with high performance. It can be used in navigation devices, four-axle drones and etc.
- The Matrix-GPS module uses serial communication. When the NanoPi-M2A is connected to the Matrix GPS module, after the NanoPi-M2A is powered up type in the following command in a terminal or click on the xgps icon it will be started.
$su - fa -c "DISPLAY=:0 xgps 127.0.0.1:9999"
- Or on the Debian GUI start the LXTerminal, type in "xgps" and enter it will be started too.
For more details about this GPS module refer to Click to check
Refer to the following diagram to connect the NanoPi-M2A to the Matrix-GPS:
Connection Details:
| Matrix-GPS | NanoPi-M2A |
| RXD | Pin11 |
| TXD | Pin12 |
| 5V | Pin29 |
| GND | Pin30 |
8 Access Hardware under Android
FriendlyElec developed a library called “libfriendlyarm-things.so”, for android developer to access the hardware resources on the development board in their android apps, the library is based on Android NDK.
Accessible Modules:
- Serial Port
- PWM
- EEPROM
- ADC
- LED
- LCD 1602 (I2C)
- OLED (SPI)
Interfaces & Ports:
- GPIO
- Serial Port
- I2C
- SPI
Refer to the following url for details：
- Homepage: http://wiki.friendlyelec.com/wiki/index.php/FriendlyThings
- Examples: https://github.com/friendlyarm/friendlythings-examples
- Guide to API: http://wiki.friendlyelec.com/wiki/index.php/FriendlyThings_APIs
9 Connect NanoPi-M2A to FriendlyARM LCD Modules
- Android
Here are the LCDs that are supported under Android:S430, S700/S701, S702, HD700, HD702, HD101 and X710 all of which are LCDs with capacitive touch.
- FriendlyCore & Lubuntu Desktop
Here are the LCDs that are supported under FriendlyCore and Lubuntu Desktop:S430, S700/S701, S702, HD700, HD702, HD101 and X710 all of which are LCDs with capacitive touch;
W35B, H43, P43, S70D and Matrix 2.8" SPI Key TFT LCD all of which are LCDs with resistive touch
All these LCD's tech details can be obtained on our wiki site:LCDModules
10 Resources
- 《创客秘籍》Hacker's Book in Chinese by FriendlyARM
- 《创客秘籍-02》Hacker's Book-02 in Chinese by FriendlyARM
- 《创客秘籍-03》Hacker's Book-03 in Chinese by FriendlyARM
- SEC_Users_Manual_S5P4418_Users_Manual_Preliminary[2]
- eMMC eMMC5.0_1xnm_based_e_MMC
- Matrix Modules & Wiki Sites:
- Button
- LED
- A/D Converter
- Relay
- 3-Axis Digital Accelerometer
- 3-Axis Digital Compass
- Temperature Sensor
- Temperature & Humidity Sensor
- Buzzer
- Joystick
- I2C(PCF8574)+LCD1602
- Sound Sensor
- Ultrasonic Ranger
- GPS
- Matrix - Compact Kit
- Fire Sensor
- CAM500A Camera
- BAll Rolling Switch
- 2'8 SPI Key TFT 2.8" SPI LCD
- IR Counter
- IR Receiver
- L298N Motor Driver
- MQ-2 Gas Sensor
- MQ-3 Gas Sensor
- One_Touch_Sensor
- _Photoresistor
- _Potentiometer
- Pressure & Temperature Sensor
- RGB LED
- RTC
- Rotary Encoder
- Soil Moisture Sensor
- Thermistor
- USB WiFi
- Water Sensor
11 Source Code and Image Files Download Links
12 Tech Support
If you have any further questions please visit our forum http://www.friendlyarm.com/Forum/ and post a message or email us at techsupport@friendlyarm.com. We will endeavor to get back to you as soon as possible.
13 Update Log
13.1 2023-01-09
13.1.1 FriendlyCore：
- optimized the systemd service
13.2 2020-10-26
- FriendlyCore, Lubuntu：
Fix Bluetooth stability issue
13.3 2019-12-28
- eflasher：
1) Supports flashing only some files, such as updating only the kernel and uboot in emmc
2) Added gui option to disable overlay filesystem
3) Add command line parameters to achieve one-click installation without interaction
4) Fix the issue that the same mac address will appear on different devices after backup and restore image
5) UI interface can now be configured with title, hide interface menus and buttons
13.4 2019-11-26
- FriendlyCore:
Pre-installed OpenCV 4.1.2
13.5 2019-11-14
- Introducing a new system FriendlyWrt:
FriendlyWrt is a customized OpenWrt system developed by FriendlyElec. It is open source and suitable for applications in IoT, NAS etc.
Please refre: http://wiki.friendlyelec.com/wiki/index.php/How_to_Build_FriendlyWrt
- FriendlyCore, Lubuntu updated as follows:
1) Added support for new 4.3-inch screen YZ43
2) Compile bcmdhd as a module.
- Android7 update is as follows:
1) Added support for new 4.3-inch screen YZ43
2) Optimize the touch experience when using HD900 screen under Android 7 system
3) Optimize the touch experience when using S702 screen under Android 7 system
13.6 2019-10-18
- Android7, FriendlyCore, Lubuntu：
Fixed audio playback issue.
13.7 2019-09-30
- Android7 updated as follows:
1）Added support for Android hardware access library (named FriendlyThing), support access to hardware resources such as GPIO, PWM, RTC, serial port and watchdog, providing open source demo
2) Added support for camera CAM500B (OV5640)
3) Added support for LCD W500 (800x480)
4) Fixed LCD-S430 compatibility issues
- FriendlyCore, FriendlyDesktop updated as follows:
1) Kernel version updated to v4.4.172, same as Android 7
2) Added Docker support, support 32bit and 64bit file systems
3) Kernel configuration items are optimized to enable more features and device drivers
13.8 2019-07-18
- Introducing a new system Android 7.1.2
1) Features similar to the old version of Android 5, support 4G, WiFi, Ethernet, Bluetooth, etc.
2) Kernel version: 4.4.172
3) Known issue: The camera is not working yet
- Android/FriendlyCore/Lubuntu updated as follows：
1) Fix an issue where HD101B can't be touched in some cases
2) Fix GPIO configuration of Power key
3) Solve the problem of too small volume: the volume of the DAC is changed from -20dB to -6dB during playback.
4) Add more models of USB Wi-Fi support, built-in driver rtl8821CU.ko, rtl88XXau.ko
- Updates for Lubuntu only：
1) Modify Lubuntu's Power key behavior to (without pop-ups) shut down directly
2) Add script xrotate.sh to simplify screen rotation settings (Note: screen rotation will lose performance)
- The following updates are only available for NanoPC T2, Smart4418:
Support for reading Ethernet Mac addresses from the onboard EEPROM, only supports the following systems: FriendlyCore, Lubuntu, Android7
13.9 2019-06-25
Linux(Ubuntu 16.04/18.04) uses OverlayFS to enhance filesystem stability.
13.10 2019-06-03
1) Configure LED1 to be in heartbeat mode
2) Fix HDMI 1080P may have no display problem in some cases
3) Fix the issue that mysql cannot be installed under Linux
4) Fix the issue that the 1-wire touch resistance screen cannot be used under lubuntu
13.11 2019-01-24
1) Update uboot-v2014.07, uboot-v2016.01 for HD702V LCD
2) Adjust Qt5 font path
13.12 2018-12-17
- Android5 updated as follows:
1) Add support for 4G network, support module: Quectel EC20
2) Add audio setting UI, you can set the default output to headphones or HDMI
3) Synchronously turn off the backlight of the one-line touch screen when the system Shutdown
- FriendlyCore updated as follows:
1) Add OV5640 camera support
2) Update BL1 to improve system startup stability
- Lubuntu updated as follows:
1) Add Chrome-browser browser, support web page 1080P hardware decoding, support WebGL
2) Set the audio output channel to HDMI by default (can be changed via /etc/asound.conf)
3) Update BL1 to improve system startup stability
4) Fixed some issues regarding the package error in the previous version
5) Adjust DPMS settings, turn off automatic sleep by default
13.13 March-04-2016
- Released English version
13.14 March-09-2016
- Corrected a typo
13.15 March-23-2016
- Added section 11
13.16 March-27-2016
- Corrected expression errors
13.17 April-08-2016
- Added section 6.4.2 and 7.4
- Updated section 6.5
13.18 June-30-2016
- Added section 9 and 10
13.19 Sep-04-2016
- Updated section 5.2.2 and 10.1.1
13.20 Sep-27-2016
- Updated section 5.2.2, 7.5 and 8.2
13.21 Nov-2-2016
- Updated section 6.2, 6.3, 6.4 and 12
13.22 Nov-17-2016
- Added section 10.6
13.23 Dec-7-2016
- Added section 6.6
- Updated section 7.5
13.24 June-13-2016
- Added section 7: added UbuntuCore
- Added section 11.3: added DietPi
13.25 June-20-2016
- Updated sections 6.2 & 6.3: Wireless connection and WiFi AP setting
- Added section 3: software features
