Difference between revisions of "NanoPi M1 Plus"

Revision as of 05:18, 20 March 2019

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1 Introduction
2 Hardware Spec
3 Software Features
4 Diagram, Layout and Dimension
- 4.1 Layout
- 4.2 Board Dimension
5 Get Started
6 Working with Debian
7 Work with FriendlyCore
8 OpenWrt的使用
9 Build Linux System
- 9.1 Based on Linux-4.14 BSP
- 9.2 Based on Linux-3.4 BSP
10 Applications under Android
- 10.1 IR Controller(RC-100)
- 10.2 Play 4K Video
11 Make Your Own Android
12 Developer's Guide
13 3D Housing Printing Files
14 Resources
15 Update Log

1 Introduction

Overview

Front

Back

File:NanoPi M1 Plus-4.jpg

3D Housing

The NanoPi M1 Plus is designed and developed by FriendlyElec for professionals, enterprise users, makers and hobbyists. It is only two thirds the size of a Raspberry Pi. FriendlyElec has made a Debian, Ubuntu-Core and Android images ready for it.
The NanoPi M1 Plus uses the Allwinner H3 Soc. It integrates Gbps Ethernet, IR receiver, video/audio output, WiFi & Bluetooth, onboard microphone and supports DVP/Camera/HDMI and CVBS. It has a serial debug port. Its GPIO pins are compatible with those of a Raspberry Pi.

2 Hardware Spec

CPU: Allwinner H3, Quad-core Cortex-A7@1.2GHz
GPU: Mali400MP2@600MHz，Supports OpenGL ES2.0
DDR3 RAM: 1GB
eMMC: 8GB
Wireless: 802.11 b/g/n
Bluetooth: 4.0 dual mode
Antenna Interface: Shared by WiFi and Bluetooth, IPX interface
Connectivity: 10/100/1000M Ethernet
Audio: 3.5mm jack/Via HDMI
Microphone: onboard microphone
IR: onboard IR receiver
USB Host: USB 2.0 x 3, 2 x USB Type A and 1 x 2.54mm pitch pin-header
MicroSD Slot: x1
MicroUSB: power input and data transmission, OTG
Audio Output: HDMI 1.4 1080P, CVBS
DVP Camera Interface: 24pin, 0.5mm pitch FPC seat
Serial Debug Port: 4Pin, 2.54mm pitch pin-header
GPIO： 40pin, 2.54mm pitch pin-header, compatible with RasberryPi 2's GPIO. It contains UART, SPI, I2C, I2S/PCM, SPDIF-OUT and IO
User Button: 1 x Power Button and 1 x Reset Button
LED: 1 x Power LED and 1 x System Status LED
PCB Dimension: 64 x 60 mm, ENIG
Power Supply: DC 5V/2A
Working Temperature: -30℃ to 80℃
OS/Software: u-boot, Debian, Ubuntu-Core, eflasher, Android

3 Software Features

3.1 uboot

mainline uboot released on May 2017

3.2 UbuntuCore 16.04

mainline kernel: Linux-4.14
rpi-monitor: check system status and information
npi-config: system configuration utility for setting passwords, language, timezone, hostname, SSH and auto-login
networkmanager: manage network
welcome window with basic system information and status
auto-login with user account "pi" with access to npi-config
supports USB WiFi module: refer to #Test USB WiFi
fixed MAC address

3.3 Eflasher

supports flashing OS image to eMMC

3.4 Debian

rpi-monitor: check system status and information
npi-config: system configuration utility for setting passwords, language, timezone, hostname, SSH and auto-login
supports Ethernet
supports USB WiFi module: refer to #Test USB WiFi
supports FriendlyElec's CAM202 USB camera
supports FriendlyElec's CAM500B DVP camera

3.5 Debian for NAS Dock

supports FriendlyElec's NAS Dock

3.6 Android

supports Ethernet
supports WiFi

4 Diagram, Layout and Dimension

4.1 Layout

NanoPi M1 Plus Layout

GPIO Pin Description

Pin#	Name	Linux gpio	Pin#	Name	Linux gpio
1	SYS_3.3V		2	VDD_5V
3	I2C0_SDA/GPIOA12		4	VDD_5V
5	I2C0_SCL/GPIOA11		6	GND
7	GPIOG11	203	8	UART1_TX/GPIOG6	198
9	GND		10	UART1_RX/GPIOG7	199
11	UART2_TX/GPIOA0	0	12	GPIOA6	6
13	UART2_RTS/GPIOA2	2	14	GND
15	UART2_CTS/GPIOA3	3	16	UART1_RTS/GPIOG8	200
17	SYS_3.3V		18	UART1_CTS/GPIOG9	201
19	SPI0_MOSI/GPIOC0	64	20	GND
21	SPI0_MISO/GPIOC1	65	22	UART2_RX/GPIOA1	1
23	SPI0_CLK/GPIOC2	66	24	SPI0_CS/GPIOC3	67
25	GND		26	SPDIF-OUT/GPIOA17	17
27	I2C1_SDA/GPIOA19/PCM0_CLK/I2S0_BCK	19	28	I2C1_SCL/GPIOA18/PCM0_SYNC/I2S0_LRCK	18
29	GPIOA20/PCM0_DOUT/I2S0_SDOUT	20	30	GND
31	GPIOA21/PCM0_DIN/I2S0_SDIN	21	32	NC
33	NC		34	GND
35	NC		36	NC
37	GPIOA9	9	38	NC
39	GND		40	NC

Debug Port（UART0）

Pin#	Name
1	GND
2	VDD_5V
3	UART_TXD0/GPIOA4
4	UART_RXD0/GPIOA5/PWM0

USB Pin Header

Pin#	Name
1	5V
2	DM
3	DP
4	GND

DVP Camera Interface Pin Description

Pin#	Name	Description
1, 2	SYS_3.3V	3.3V Output, it can be used to power camera modules
7,9,13,15,24	GND	Ground, 0V
3	I2C2_SCL	I2C clock signal
4	I2C2_SDA	I2C data signal
5	GPIOE15	regular GPIO, used to control connected camera modules
6	GPIOE14	regular GPIO, used to control connected camera modules
8	MCLK	Clock signals output to camera modules
10	NC	Not connected
11	VSYNC	vertical synchronization
12	HREF/HSYNC	horizontal synchronization==Make Your Own Debian/Ubuntu====Make Your Own Debian/Ubuntu==
14	PCLK	peripheral clock
16-23	Data bit7-0	data bits

Notes

SYS_3.3V: 3.3V power output
VDD_5V: 5V power output5V. When the external device’s power is greater than the MicroUSB’s the external device is charging the board otherwise the board powers the external device.The input range is 4.7V ~ 5.6V
All pins are 3.3V, output current is 5mA
For more details refer to the document:NanoPi-M1-Plus-1702-Schematic.pdf

4.2 Board Dimension

For more details please refer to the document:pcb in dxf format

5 Get Started

5.1 Essentials You Need

Before starting to use your NanoPi M1 Plus get the following items ready

NanoPi M1 Plus
microSD Card/TFCard: Class 10 or Above, minimum 8GB SDHC
microUSB power. A 5V/2A power is a must
HDMI monitor
USB keyboard, mouse and possible a USB hub(or a TTL to serial board)
A host computer running Ubuntu 16.04 64 bit system

5.2 TF Cards We Tested

To make your NanoPi M1 Plus boot and run fast we highly recommend you use a Class10 8GB SDHC TF card or a better one. The following cards are what we used in all our test cases presented here:

SanDisk TF 8G Class10 Micro/SD TF card:

SanDisk TF128G MicroSDXC TF 128G Class10 48MB/S:

川宇 8G C10 High Speed class10 micro SD card:

5.3 Install OS

5.3.1 Download Image Files

Get the following files from here download link to download image files (under the "officail-ROMs" diirectory) and the flashing utility (under the "tools" diirectory):

Image Files:
nanopi-m1-plus_sd_friendlycore-xenial_3.4_armhf_YYYYMMDD.img.zip	FriendlyCore, kernel:Linux-3.4
nanopi-m1-plus_sd_friendlycore-xenial_4.14_armhf_YYYYMMDD.img.zip	FriendlyCore, kernel:Linux-4.14
nanopi-m1-plus_sd_debian-jessie_3.4_armhf_YYYYMMDD.img.zip	Debian-Desktop, kernel:Linux-3.4
nanopi-m1-plus_sd_debian-jessie_4.14_armhf_YYYYMMDD.img.zip	Debian-Desktop, kernel:Linux-4.14
nanopi-m1-plus_sd_openwrt_4.14_armhf_YYYYMMDD.img.zip	OpenWrt, kernel:Linux-4.14
nanopi-m1-plus_eflasher_debian-jessie_4.14_armhf_YYYYMMDD.img.zip	eflasher image, for flashing Debian(Linux-4.14) to eMMC
nanopi-m1-plus_eflasher_friendlycore-xenial_4.14_armhf_YYYYMMDD.img.zip	eflasher image, for flashing FriendlyCore(Linux-4.14) to eMMC
nanopi-m1-plus_eflasher_openwrt_4.14_armhf_YYYYMMDD.img.zip	eflasher image, for flashing OpenWrt(Linux-4.14) to eMMC
nanopi-m1-plus_sd_android_YYYYMMDD.img.zip	Android, kernel:Linux-3.4
Flash Utility:
win32diskimager.rar	Windows utility. Under Linux users can use "dd"
PhoenixCard_V310.rar	Windows utility for flashing Android image. Attention: the "dd" command under Linux doesn't work for flashing Android image
HDDLLF.4.40.exe	Windows utility for formatting a TF card

5.3.2 Comparison of Linux-3.4 and Linux-4.14

Our Linux-3.4 is provided by Allwinner. Allwinner has done a lot of customization work which on one hand contains many features and functions but on the other hand incurs overheat issues. If your application needs to use VPU or GPU you need to use the 3.4 kernel based ROM and use a heat sink together with your board.
Our Linux-4.14 is based on the mainline kernel. We will keep this kernel with the latest one released by Linus Torvalds. This kernel is stable and doesn't generate heat that much. If your application doesn't need to use VPU or GPU we recommend you to use this kernel.
For more details about the Linux-4.14 kernel refer to: Building U-boot and Linux for H5/H3/H2+

5.3.2.1 Flash to eMMC

5.3.2.1.1 Flash OS with eflasher Utility

For more details about eflasher refer to the wiki link: EFlasher。
Extract the eflasher Image and win32diskimager.rar files. Insert a TF card(at least 4G) into a Windows PC and run the win32diskimager utility as administrator. On the utility's main window select your TF card's drive, the wanted image file and click on "write" to start flashing the TF card.
Insert this card into your board's BOOT slot and power on (with a 5V/2A power source). If the green LED is on and the blue LED is blinking this indicates your board has successfully booted.
If your board doesn't support HDMI or no monitor is connected you can select an OS by running the following command:

$ su root
$ eflasher

The password for "root" is "fa".

We take "nanopi-m1-plus_eflasher_friendlycore-xenial_4.14_armhf_YYYYMMDD.img" as an example. After you run the "eflasher" command you will see the following messages:

Type "1", select writing friendlycore system to eMMC you will see the following messages:

Type "yes" to start installation:

After it is done power off the system, take off the TF card, power on again your system will be booted from eMMC.

If you want to flash other system to eMMC you can download the whole images-for-eflasher directory and extract the package under that directory to the FRIENDLYARM partition of an installation SD card.

5.3.3 Android

5.3.3.1 Flash to TF

Note:before make a MicroSD card to an Android image card you need to format this card.

On a Windows PC run the HDDLLF.4.40 utility as administrator. Insert a TF card(at least 8G) into this PC and format it. After formatting is done take out the TF card, insert it into the PC again and format it with Windows internal format utility to format it to FAT32. After this formatting is done take out the card.
Extract the the Android image and PhoenixCard_V310.rar . Insert the TF card you made in the previous step into a Windows PC and run the PhoenixCard_V310 utility as administrator. On the utility's main window select your TF card's drive, the wanted image file and click on "write" to start flashing the TF card.

(In the screenshot an Android image file for the NanoPi M1 Plus was selected. You need to select a correct image file for your board.)

Insert this card into your board' BOOT slot and power on (with a 5V/2A power source). If the green LED is on and the blue LED is blinking this indicates your board has successfully booted.

5.3.3.2 Flash to eMMC

5.3.3.2.1 Install Android to eMMC from TF Card

Extract an Android image file and the flashing utility PhoenixCard_V310.rar, insert a TF card(at least 8G) to a windows PC and run PhoenixCard as administrator. On the PhoenixCard Window select your TF card's device and your wanted Android image file, set the mode to "卡量产(factory production)" and click on "烧录(Flash)" to start flashing the Android image to TF card.

(In the screenshot an Android image file for the NanoPi M1 Plus was selected. You need to select a correct image file for your board.)

After flashing is done, the TF card has the ability to burn the Android system to eMMC. Take out the TF card and insert it to your board's TF card slot. Connect your board to an HDMI monitor, power on your board(note:you need a 5V/2A power adapter) and you will see a green process bar on the HDMI monitor. After flashing is done take out the TF card and reboot your board and it will be rebooted from eMMC.

6 Working with Debian

6.1 Ethernet Connection

If the board is connected to a network via Ethernet before it is powered on, it will automatically obtain an IP after it is powered up.

6.2 Wireless Connection

Under Debian you can manage your network with NetworkManager.
After Debian boots click on the network icon on the bottom right of the task bar a NetworkManger menu will pop up and all the available networks will be listed. If there is an active wireless network you will see something similar to the following screenshot:

You can click on a WiFI AP and connect your board to it.
For more details refer to:NetworkManager.

For either an SD WiFi or a USB WiFi you can connect it to your board in the same way. The APXX series WiFi chips are SD WiFi chips. By default FriendlyElec's system supports most popular USB WiFi modules. Here is a list of the USB WiFi modules we tested:

Index	Model
1	RTL8188CUS/8188EU 802.11n WLAN Adapter
2	RT2070 Wireless Adapter
3	RT2870/RT3070 Wireless Adapter
4	RTL8192CU Wireless Adapter
5	mi WiFi mt7601
6	5G USB WiFi RTL8821CU
7	5G USB WiFi RTL8812AU

You can use the NetworkManager utility to manage network. You can run "nmcli" in the commandline utility to start it. Here are the commands to start a WiFi connection:

Change to root

$ su root

Check device list

$ nmcli dev

Note: if the status of a device is "unmanaged" it means that device cannot be accessed by NetworkManager. To make it accessed you need to clear the settings under "/etc/network/interfaces" and reboot your system.

Start WiFi

$ nmcli r wifi on

Scan Surrounding WiFi Sources

$ nmcli dev wifi

Connect to a WiFi Source

$ nmcli dev wifi connect "SSID" password "PASSWORD" ifname wlan0

The "SSID" and "PASSWORD" need to be replaced with your actual SSID and password.If you have multiple WiFi devices you need to specify the one you want to connect to a WiFi source with iface
If a connection succeeds it will be automatically setup on next system reboot.

For more details about NetworkManager refer to this link: Use NetworkManager to configure network settings

If your USB WiFi module doesn't work most likely your system doesn't have its driver. For a Debian system you can get a driver from Debian-WiFi and install it on your system. For a Ubuntu system you can install a driver by running the following commands:

$ apt-get install linux-firmware

In general all WiFi drivers are located at the "/lib/firmware" directory.

6.3 Setup Wi-Fi Hotspot

Run the following command to enter AP mode:

$ su root
$ turn-wifi-into-apmode yes

You will be prompted to type your WiFi hotspot's name and password and then proceed with default prompts.
After this is done you will be able to find this hotspot in a neadby cell phone or PC. You can login to this board at 192.168.8.1:

$ ssh root@192.168.8.1

When asked to type a password you can type "fa".

To speed up your ssh login you can turn off your wifi by running the following command:

$ iwconfig wlan0 power off

To switch back to Station mode run the following command:

$ turn-wifi-into-apmode no

6.4 Install Debian Packages

We provide a Debian Jessie image. You can install Jessie's packages by commanding "apt-get". If this is your first installation you need to update the package list by running the following command

apt-get update

You can install your preferred packages. For example if you want to install an FTP server you can do this:

apt-get install vsftpd

Note: you can change your download server by editting "/etc/apt/sources.list". You can get a complete server list from [1]. You need to select the one with "armhf".

6.5 Set Audio Device

If your system has multiple audio devices such as HDMI-Audio, 3.5mm audio jack and I2S-Codec you can set system's default audio device by running the following commands.

After your board is booted run the following commands to install alsa packages:

$ apt-get update
$ apt-get install libasound2
$ apt-get install alsa-base
$ apt-get install alsa-utils

After installation is done you can list all the audio devices by running the following command. Here is a similar list you may see after you run the command:

$ aplay -l
card 0: HDMI
card 1: 3.5mm codec
card 2: I2S codec

"card 0" is HDMI-Audio, "card 1" is 3.5mm audio jack and "card 2" is I2S-Codec. You can set default audio device to HDMI-Audio by changing the "/etc/asound.conf" file as follows:

pcm.!default {
    type hw
    card 0
    device 0
}
 
ctl.!default {
    type hw
    card 0
}

If you change "card 0" to "card 1" the 3.5mm audio jack will be set to the default device.
Copy a .wav file to your board and test it by running the following command:

$ aplay /root/Music/test.wav

You will hear sounds from system's default audio device.
If you are using H3/H5/H2+ series board with mainline kernel, the easier way is using npi-config。

6.6 Login via VNC and SSH

If your board is not connected to a display device you can login to your board from a mobile phone. You need to download and install a "VNC Viewer" from here on a mobile phone and login to the board via VNC at port 1. Its default password is "fa123456".
Here is a screenshot which shows how it looks like when users login to the board from an iPhone via VNC:

In our case our board's IP address is 192.168.1.230. You can login via SSH by running the following commands:

$ ssh root@192.168.1.230

The password is fa.

6.7 Connect to USB Camera(FA-CAM202)

The FA-CAM202 is a 200M USB camera.
Refer to this link for more details on how to connect to a FA-CAM202: Connect NanoPi M1 to DVP Camera CAM500B
In Debian, click on "other"-->"xawtv" on the left bottom of the GUI and the USB Camera application will be started. After enter "welcome to xawtv！" click on "OK" to start exploring.

6.8 Use OpenCV to Access Camera

The full name of "OpenCV" is Open Source Computer Vision Library and it is a cross platform vision library.
Make sure your board is connected to the internet and an HDMI monitor, Boot Debian and login.
Install OpenCV libraries:

$ apt-get update
$ apt-get install libcv-dev libopencv-dev

Refer to the instructions in the previous sections to make sure the camera works
Compile and run a code sample（Official Code Sample in C++ provided by the OpenCV organization):

$ cd /home/fa/Documents/opencv-demo
$ make
$ ./demo

6.9 Connect to DVP Camera CAM500B

The CAM500B camera module is a 5M-pixel camera with DVP interface. For more tech details about it you can refer to Matrix - CAM500B.
connect your H3 board to a CAM500B. Then boot OS, connect your board to a network, log into the board as root and run "mjpg-streamer":

$ cd /root/mjpg-streamer
$ make
$ ./start.sh

The mjpg-streamer application is an open source video steam server. After it is successfully started the following messages will be popped up:

 
 i: Using V4L2 device.: /dev/video0
 i: Desired Resolution: 1280 x 720
 i: Frames Per Second.: 30
 i: Format............: YUV
 i: JPEG Quality......: 90
 o: www-folder-path...: ./www/
 o: HTTP TCP port.....: 8080
 o: username:password.: disabled
 o: commands..........: enabled

In our case the board's IP address was 192.168.1.230. We typed 192.168.1.230:8080 in a browser and were able to view the images taken from the camera's. Here is what you would expect to observe:

The mjpg-streamer utility uses libjpeg to software-encode steam data. The Linux-4.x based ROM currently doesn't support hardware-encoding. If you use a Linux-3.x based ROM you can use the ffmpeg utility to hardware-encode stream data and this can greatly release CPU's resources and speed up encoding:

$ ffmpeg -t 30 -f v4l2 -channel 0 -video_size 1280x720 -i /dev/video0 -pix_fmt nv12 -r 30 \
        -b:v 64k -c:v cedrus264 test.mp4

By default it records a 30-second video. Typing "q" stops video recording. After recording is stopped a test.mp4 file will be generated.

6.10 Check CPU's Working Temperature

You can use the following command to read H3's temperature and frequency

cpu_freq

6.11 Test GPU

Note: this function is only supported in Allwinner Linux-3.4.y.
After OS loads please login from a terminal and run the following command:

glmark2-es2

6.12 Test VPU

Note: this function is only supported in Allwinner Linux-3.4.y
Visit this link download link to download files
After OS is loaded login from a terminal and run the following commands:

$ sudo apt-get install mpv
$ video_play mpv ./big_buck_bunny_1080p_H264_AAC_25fps_7200K.MP4

In our test it could do hard coding and play 1080P video fluently.

7 Work with FriendlyCore

7.1 Introduction

FriendlyCore is a light Linux system without X-windows, based on ubuntu core, It uses the Qt-Embedded's GUI and is popular in industrial and enterprise applications.

Besides the regular Ubuntu Core's features FriendlyCore has the following additional features:

it integrates Qt4.8;
it integrates NetworkManager;
it has bluez and Bluetooth related packages;
it has alsa packages;
it has npi-config;
it has RPiGPIO, a Python GPIO module;
it has some Python/C demo in /root/ directory;
it enables 512M-swap partition;

7.2 System Login

If your board is connected to an HDMI monitor you need to use a USB mouse and keyboard.
If you want to do kernel development you need to use a serial communication board, ie a PSU-ONECOM board, which will

allow you to operate the board via a serial terminal.Here is a setup where we connect a board to a PC via the PSU-ONECOM and you can power on your board from either the PSU-ONECOM or its MicroUSB:
You can use a USB to Serial conversion board too.
Make sure you use a 5V/2A power to power your board from its MicroUSB port:

FriendlyCore User Accounts:

Non-root User:

   User Name: pi
   Password: pi

Root:

   User Name: root
   Password: fa

The system is automatically logged in as "pi". You can do "sudo npi-config" to disable auto login.

Update packages

$ sudo apt-get update

7.3 Configure System with npi-config

The npi-config is a commandline utility which can be used to initialize system configurations such as user password, system language, time zone, Hostname, SSH switch , Auto login and etc. Type the following command to run this utility.

$ sudo npi-config

Here is how npi-config's GUI looks like:

7.4 Develop Qt Application

Please refer to: How to Build and Install Qt Application for FriendlyELEC Boards

7.5 Setup Program to AutoRun

You can setup a program to autorun on system boot with npi-config:

sudo npi-config

Go to Boot Options -> Autologin -> Qt/Embedded, select Enable and reboot.

7.6 Extend TF Card's Section

When FriendlyCore is loaded the TF card's section will be automatically extended.You can check the section's size by running the following command:

$ df -h

7.7 Transfer files using Bluetooth

Take the example of transferring files to the mobile phone. First, set your mobile phone Bluetooth to detectable status, then execute the following command to start Bluetooth search.：

hcitool scan

Search results look like：

Scanning ...
    2C:8A:72:1D:46:02   HTC6525LVW

This means that a mobile phone named HTC6525LVW is searched. We write down the MAC address in front of the phone name, and then use the sdptool command to view the Bluetooth service supported by the phone：

sdptool browser 2C:8A:72:1D:46:02

Note: Please replace the MAC address in the above command with the actual Bluetooth MAC address of the mobile phone.
This command will detail the protocols supported by Bluetooth for mobile phones. What we need to care about is a file transfer service called OBEX Object Push. Take the HTC6525LVW mobile phone as an example. The results are as follows：

Service Name: OBEX Object Push
Service RecHandle: 0x1000b
Service Class ID List:
  "OBEX Object Push" (0x1105)
Protocol Descriptor List:
  "L2CAP" (0x0100)
  "RFCOMM" (0x0003)
    Channel: 12
  "OBEX" (0x0008)
Profile Descriptor List:
  "OBEX Object Push" (0x1105)
    Version: 0x0100

As can be seen from the above information, the channel used by the OBEX Object Push service of this mobile phone is 12, we need to pass it to the obexftp command, and finally the command to initiate the file transfer request is as follows：

obexftp --nopath --noconn --uuid none --bluetooth -b 2C:8A:72:1D:46:02 -B 12 -put example.jpg

Note: Please replace the MAC address, channel and file name in the above command with the actual one.

After executing the above commands, please pay attention to the screen of the mobile phone. The mobile phone will pop up a prompt for pairing and receiving files. After confirming, the file transfer will start.

Bluetooth FAQ：
1) Bluetooth device not found on the development board, try to open Bluetooth with the following command：

rfkill unblock 0

2) Prompt can not find the relevant command, you can try to install related software with the following command：

apt-get install bluetooth bluez obexftp openobex-apps python-gobject ussp-push

7.8 WiFi

For either an SD WiFi or a USB WiFi you can connect it to your board in the same way. The APXX series WiFi chips are SD WiFi chips. By default FriendlyElec's system supports most popular USB WiFi modules. Here is a list of the USB WiFi modules we tested:

Index	Model
1	RTL8188CUS/8188EU 802.11n WLAN Adapter
2	RT2070 Wireless Adapter
3	RT2870/RT3070 Wireless Adapter
4	RTL8192CU Wireless Adapter
5	mi WiFi mt7601
6	5G USB WiFi RTL8821CU
7	5G USB WiFi RTL8812AU

You can use the NetworkManager utility to manage network. You can run "nmcli" in the commandline utility to start it. Here are the commands to start a WiFi connection:

Change to root

$ su root

Check device list

$ nmcli dev

Note: if the status of a device is "unmanaged" it means that device cannot be accessed by NetworkManager. To make it accessed you need to clear the settings under "/etc/network/interfaces" and reboot your system.

Start WiFi

$ nmcli r wifi on

Scan Surrounding WiFi Sources

$ nmcli dev wifi

Connect to a WiFi Source

$ nmcli dev wifi connect "SSID" password "PASSWORD" ifname wlan0

The "SSID" and "PASSWORD" need to be replaced with your actual SSID and password.If you have multiple WiFi devices you need to specify the one you want to connect to a WiFi source with iface
If a connection succeeds it will be automatically setup on next system reboot.

For more details about NetworkManager refer to this link: Use NetworkManager to configure network settings

If your USB WiFi module doesn't work most likely your system doesn't have its driver. For a Debian system you can get a driver from Debian-WiFi and install it on your system. For a Ubuntu system you can install a driver by running the following commands:

$ apt-get install linux-firmware

In general all WiFi drivers are located at the "/lib/firmware" directory.

7.9 Setup Wi-Fi Hotspot

Run the following command to enter AP mode:

$ su root
$ turn-wifi-into-apmode yes

You will be prompted to type your WiFi hotspot's name and password and then proceed with default prompts.
After this is done you will be able to find this hotspot in a neadby cell phone or PC. You can login to this board at 192.168.8.1:

$ ssh root@192.168.8.1

When asked to type a password you can type "fa".

To speed up your ssh login you can turn off your wifi by running the following command:

$ iwconfig wlan0 power off

To switch back to Station mode run the following command:

$ turn-wifi-into-apmode no

7.10 Bluetooth

Search for surrounding bluetooth devices by running the following command:

$ su root
$ hciconfig hci0 up
$ hcitool scan

You can run "hciconfig" to check bluetooth's status.

7.11 Ethernet Connection

If a board is connected to a network via Ethernet before it is powered on it will automatically obtain an IP with DHCP activated after it is powered up. If you want to set up a static IP refer to: Use NetworkManager to configure network settings。

7.12 WiringPi and Python Wrapper

7.13 Custom welcome message

The welcome message is printed from the script in this directory：

/etc/update-motd.d/

For example, to change the FriendlyELEC LOGO, you can change the file /etc/update-motd.d/10-header. For example, to change the LOGO to HELLO, you can change the following line：

TERM=linux toilet -f standard -F metal $BOARD_VENDOR

To:

TERM=linux toilet -f standard -F metal HELLO

7.14 Modify timezone

For exampe, change to Shanghai timezone:

sudo rm /etc/localtime
sudo ln -ls /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime

7.15 Set Audio Device

If your system has multiple audio devices such as HDMI-Audio, 3.5mm audio jack and I2S-Codec you can set system's default audio device by running the following commands.

After your board is booted run the following commands to install alsa packages:

$ apt-get update
$ apt-get install libasound2
$ apt-get install alsa-base
$ apt-get install alsa-utils

After installation is done you can list all the audio devices by running the following command. Here is a similar list you may see after you run the command:

$ aplay -l
card 0: HDMI
card 1: 3.5mm codec
card 2: I2S codec

"card 0" is HDMI-Audio, "card 1" is 3.5mm audio jack and "card 2" is I2S-Codec. You can set default audio device to HDMI-Audio by changing the "/etc/asound.conf" file as follows:

pcm.!default {
    type hw
    card 0
    device 0
}
 
ctl.!default {
    type hw
    card 0
}

If you change "card 0" to "card 1" the 3.5mm audio jack will be set to the default device.
Copy a .wav file to your board and test it by running the following command:

$ aplay /root/Music/test.wav

You will hear sounds from system's default audio device.
If you are using H3/H5/H2+ series board with mainline kernel, the easier way is using npi-config。

7.16 Connect to DVP Camera CAM500B

For NanoPi-M1-Plus the CAM500B can work with both Linux-3.4 Kernel and Linux-4.14 Kernel.
The CAM500B camera module is a 5M-pixel camera with DVP interface. For more tech details about it you can refer to Matrix - CAM500B.

connect your board to camera module. Then boot OS, connect your board to a network, log into the board as root and run "mjpg-streamer":

$ cd /root/C/mjpg-streamer
$ make
$ ./start.sh

You need to change the start.sh script and make sure it uses a correct /dev/videoX node. You can check your camera's node by running the following commands:

$ apt-get install v4l-utils
$ v4l2-ctl -d /dev/video0 -D
Driver Info (not using libv4l2):
        Driver name   : sun6i-video
        Card type     : sun6i-csi
        Bus info      : platform:camera
        Driver version: 4.14.0
	...

The above messages indicate that "/dev/video0" is camera's device node.The mjpg-streamer application is an open source video steam server. After it is successfully started the following messages will be popped up:

 
$ ./start.sh
 i: Using V4L2 device.: /dev/video0
 i: Desired Resolution: 1280 x 720
 i: Frames Per Second.: 30
 i: Format............: YUV
 i: JPEG Quality......: 90
 o: www-folder-path...: ./www/
 o: HTTP TCP port.....: 8080
 o: username:password.: disabled
 o: commands..........: enabled

start.sh runs the following two commands:

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$(pwd)"
./mjpg_streamer -i "./input_uvc.so -d /dev/video0 -y 1 -r 1280x720 -f 30 -q 90 -n -fb 0" -o "./output_http.so -w ./www"

Here are some details for mjpg_streamer's major options:
-i: input device. For example "input_uvc.so" means it takes input from a camera;
-o: output device. For example "output_http.so" means the it transmits data via http;
-d: input device's subparameter. It defines a camera's device node;
-y: input device's subparameter. It defines a camera's data format: 1:yuyv, 2:yvyu, 3:uyvy 4:vyuy. If this option isn't defined MJPEG will be set as the data format;
-r: input device's subparameter. It defines a camera's resolution;
-f: input device's subparameter. It defines a camera's fps. But whether this fps is supported depends on its driver;
-q: input device's subparameter. It defines the quality of an image generated by libjpeg soft-encoding;
-n: input device's subparameter. It disables the dynctrls function;
-fb: input device's subparameter. It specifies whether an input image is displayed at "/dev/fbX";
-w: output device's subparameter. It defines a directory to hold web pages;

In our case the board's IP address was 192.168.1.230. We typed 192.168.1.230:8080 in a browser and were able to view the images taken from the camera's. Here is what you would expect to observe:

The mjpg-streamer utility uses libjpeg to software-encode steam data. The Linux-4.14 based ROM currently doesn't support hardware-encoding. If you use a H3 boards with Linux-3.4 based ROM you can use the ffmpeg utility to hardware-encode stream data and this can greatly release CPU's resources and speed up encoding:

$ ffmpeg -t 30 -f v4l2 -channel 0 -video_size 1280x720 -i /dev/video0 -pix_fmt nv12 -r 30 \
        -b:v 64k -c:v cedrus264 test.mp4

By default it records a 30-second video. Typing "q" stops video recording. After recording is stopped a test.mp4 file will be generated.

7.17 Connect to USB Camera(FA-CAM202)

The FA-CAM202 is a 200M USB camera. Connect your board to camera module. Then boot OS, connect your board to a network, log into the board as root and run "mjpg-streamer":

$ cd /root/C/mjpg-streamer
$ make
$ ./start.sh

You need to change the start.sh script and make sure it uses a correct /dev/videoX node. You can check your camera's node by running the following commands:

$ apt-get install v4l-utils
$ v4l2-ctl -d /dev/video0 -D
Driver Info (not using libv4l2):
        Driver name   : uvcvideo
        Card type     : HC 3358+2100: HC 3358+2100  / USB 2.0 Camera: USB 2.0 Camera
        Bus info      : usb-1c1b000.usb-1
	...

The above messages indicate that "/dev/video0" is camera's device node.The mjpg-streamer application is an open source video steam server. After it is successfully started the following messages will be popped up:

 
$ ./start.sh
 i: Using V4L2 device.: /dev/video0
 i: Desired Resolution: 1280 x 720
 i: Frames Per Second.: 30
 i: Format............: YUV
 i: JPEG Quality......: 90
 o: www-folder-path...: ./www/
 o: HTTP TCP port.....: 8080
 o: username:password.: disabled
 o: commands..........: enabled

start.sh runs the following two commands:

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$(pwd)"
./mjpg_streamer -i "./input_uvc.so -d /dev/video0 -y 1 -r 1280x720 -f 30 -q 90 -n -fb 0" -o "./output_http.so -w ./www"

Here are some details for mjpg_streamer's major options:
-i: input device. For example "input_uvc.so" means it takes input from a camera;
-o: output device. For example "output_http.so" means the it transmits data via http;
-d: input device's subparameter. It defines a camera's device node;
-y: input device's subparameter. It defines a camera's data format: 1:yuyv, 2:yvyu, 3:uyvy 4:vyuy. If this option isn't defined MJPEG will be set as the data format;
-r: input device's subparameter. It defines a camera's resolution;
-f: input device's subparameter. It defines a camera's fps. But whether this fps is supported depends on its driver;
-q: input device's subparameter. It defines the quality of an image generated by libjpeg soft-encoding;
-n: input device's subparameter. It disables the dynctrls function;
-fb: input device's subparameter. It specifies whether an input image is displayed at "/dev/fbX";
-w: output device's subparameter. It defines a directory to hold web pages;

In our case the board's IP address was 192.168.1.230. We typed 192.168.1.230:8080 in a browser and were able to view the images taken from the camera's. Here is what you would expect to observe:

7.18 Check CPU's Working Temperature

You can get CPU's working temperature by running the following command:

$ cpu_freq 
Aavailable frequency(KHz):
        480000 624000 816000 1008000
Current frequency(KHz):
        CPU0 online=1 temp=26548C governor=ondemand freq=624000KHz
        CPU1 online=1 temp=26548C governor=ondemand freq=624000KHz
        CPU2 online=1 temp=26548C governor=ondemand freq=624000KHz
        CPU3 online=1 temp=26548C governor=ondemand freq=624000KHz

This message means there are currently four CPUs working. All of their working temperature is 26.5 degree in Celsius and each one's clock is 624MHz.
Set CPU frequency:

$ cpu_freq -s 1008000
Aavailable frequency(KHz):
        480000 624000 816000 1008000
Current frequency(KHz):
        CPU0 online=1 temp=36702C governor=userspace freq=1008000KHz
        CPU1 online=1 temp=36702C governor=userspace freq=1008000KHz
        CPU2 online=1 temp=36702C governor=userspace freq=1008000KHz
        CPU3 online=1 temp=36702C governor=userspace freq=1008000KHz

7.19 Test Infrared Receiver

Note: Please Check your board if IR receiver exist.
By default the infrared function is disabled you can enable it by using the npi-config utility:

$ npi-config
    6 Advanced Options     Configure advanced settings
        A8 IR              Enable/Disable IR
            ir Enable/Disable ir[enabled]

Reboot your system and test its infrared function by running the following commands:

$ apt-get install ir-keytable
$ echo "+rc-5 +nec +rc-6 +jvc +sony +rc-5-sz +sanyo +sharp +mce_kbd +xmp" > /sys/class/rc/rc0/protocols   # Enable infrared
$ ir-keytable -t
Testing events. Please, press CTRL-C to abort.

"ir-keytable -t" is used to check whether the receiver receives infrared signals. You can use a remote control to send infrared signals to the receiver. If it works you will see similar messages as follows:

1522404275.767215: event type EV_MSC(0x04): scancode = 0xe0e43
1522404275.767215: event type EV_SYN(0x00).
1522404278.911267: event type EV_MSC(0x04): scancode = 0xe0e42
1522404278.911267: event type EV_SYN(0x00).

7.20 Run Qt Demo

Run the following command

$ sudo /opt/QtE-Demo/run.sh

Here is what you expect to observe. This is an open source Qt Demo:

7.21 How to install and use docker (for armhf system)

7.21.1 How to Install Docker

Run the following commands：

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install docker.io

7.21.2 Test Docker installation

Test that your installation works by running the simple docker image:

git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/debian-jessie-arm-docker
cd debian-jessie-arm-docker
./rebuild-image.sh
./run.sh

8 OpenWrt的使用

8.1 介绍

OpenWrt是适合于嵌入式设备的一个Linux发行版，它不是一个单一、静态的固件，而是提供了一个可添加软件包的可写的文件系统。这使用户可以自由的选择应用程序和配置，而不必受设备提供商的限制，并且可以使用一些适合某方面应用的软件包来定制你的设备。对于开发者来说，OpenWrt是一个框架，开发者不必麻烦地构建整个固件就能得到想要的应用程序；对于用户来说，这意味着完全定制的能力，与以往不同的方式使用设备，OPKG包含超过3500个软件。更详细的介绍请参考OpenWrt官网。

8.2 登录系统

串口登录

以下是串口配件的接法，接上串口，即可调试。
接上串口后，您可以选择从串口模块的DC口或者从MicroUSB口 (如果有) 进行供电：

默认会以 root 用户自动登录，并且没有设置root用户的密码，你可以使用 passwd 命令来设置 root 用户的密码。

第一次运行系统时，系统会自动拓展TF卡上rootfs文件系统分区到最大可用空间：

请耐心等待文件系统扩展完成。

SSH登录

板子的OpenWrt系统默认被配置为二级无线路由功能，其中eth0被配置为WAN功能，wlan0被配置为LAN功能。
板子的OpenWrt系统默认被配置为二级无线路由功能，其中eth0被配置为WAN功能，wlan0被配置为LAN功能。
如果您想通过SSH登录系统，那么启动系统前，请先用网线连接板子的千兆以太网口到一级路由器的LAN口，以便千兆以太网能通过DHCP获取到IP地址。
这里假设已经通过调试串口或者一级路由器确定板子的千兆以太网(eth0)的IP地址为192.168.1.163，执行下列命令可以通过SSH登录系统:

$ ssh root@192.168.1.163

系统默认设置root用户不需要密码就可以登录。

Web登录

OpenWrt系统支持通过LuCI Web界面进行访问和配置，请参考<SSH登录>章节的设置启动系统，这里假设板子的千兆以太网的IP地址为192.168.1.163，在浏览器中输入该IP地址就可以登录OpenWrt-LuCI界面:

默认用户名为root，无需密码，所以直接点击"Login"按键即可登录。

8.3 手机连接开发板的无线WiFi热点

请注意给开发板安装好WiFi天线。
板子的OpenWrt系统默认被配置为二级无线路由功能，无线WiFi模块AP6212默认运行在AP 模式，默认的WiFi AP热点名称类似为“OpenWrt-10:d0:7a:de:3d:92”，没有密码，手机可以直接连接该热点然后访问互联网。
默认WiFi热点所在的网段为192.168.2.x，手机可以在浏览器中输入192.168.2.1以访问LuCI界面:

当手机等设备成功连接到开发板的WiFi热点后，在LuCI的Netwrok ---> Wireless界面里可以查看已成功连接的设备:

8.4 软件包管理

OpenWrt使用opkg工具来管理软件包，执行如下命令可以获取opkg的帮助信息:

$ opkg
Package Manipulation:
        update                  Update list of available packages
        upgrade <pkgs>          Upgrade packages
        install <pkgs>          Install package(s)
        configure <pkgs>        Configure unpacked package(s)
        remove <pkgs|regexp>    Remove package(s)
        flag <flag> <pkgs>      Flag package(s)
         <flag>=hold|noprune|user|ok|installed|unpacked (one per invocation)
 
Informational Commands:
        list                    List available packages
        list-installed          List installed packages
        list-upgradable         List installed and upgradable packages
        list-changed-conffiles  List user modified configuration files
        files <pkg>             List files belonging to <pkg>
        search <file|regexp>    List package providing <file>
        find <regexp>           List packages whose name or description matches <regexp>
        info [pkg|regexp]       Display all info for <pkg>
        status [pkg|regexp]     Display all status for <pkg>
        download <pkg>          Download <pkg> to current directory
...

上面只截取了部分帮助信息，请自行查阅完整的帮助信息，下面会描述几个常用的opkg命令。

更新可用软件包列表

第一次安装软件前，建议先更新可用软件包列表:

$ opkg update

查看可安装的软件包:

$ opkg list

本WiKi编写时，可安装的软件包共有3241个。

查看已安装的软件:

$ opkg list-installed

本WiKi编写时，已安装的软件包共有124个。

安装/删除软件:

$ opkg install <pkgs>
$ opkg remove <pkgs>

查看已安装的软件包含什么文件:

$ opkg files <pkg>

安装LuCI中文语言包：

$ opkg install luci-i18n-base-zh-cn

查看当前系统中哪些配置文件被修改过:

$ opkg list-changed-conffiles

相关参考:
- openwrt opkg

8.5 查看系统状态

命令行查看CPU温度和频率:

$ cpu_freq
CPU0 online=1 temp=26581 governor=ondemand cur_freq=480000
CPU1 online=1 temp=26581 governor=ondemand cur_freq=480000
CPU2 online=1 temp=26581 governor=ondemand cur_freq=480000
CPU3 online=1 temp=26581 governor=ondemand cur_freq=480000

上述信息表示当前有4个CPU核心在线, 温度均约为26.5摄氏度, 运行的策略均为根据需求来决定运行频率, 当前的运行频率均为480MHz。

OpenWrt-LuCI Web界面查看系统状态:

登录OpenWrt-LuCI界面后，点击顶部的 Statistics ---> Graphs，可以查看系统的各种软硬件状态信息(即statistics)，例如:
1) 系统负载:

2）内存:

3） CPU温度:

Statistics界面对应软件包luci-app-statistics，luci-app-statistics软件包用Collectd工具收集状态数据并且用RRDtool工具将数据渲染为图表。
你可以通过安装额外的collectd-mod-*软件包去使能更多的statistics. 所有的collectd-mod-*软件包对应同一个配置文件: /etc/config/luci_statistics。

相关参考:

8.6 查看Network->Interfaces的配置

登录OpenWrt-LuCI界面后，点击顶部的 Network ---> Interfaces ，可以查看当前有线网络接口的功能配置:

其中，千兆以太网eth0 被配置为WAN 功能，百兆以太网eth1 被配置为LAN 功能。

点击顶部的“WAN” 和“LAN” 可对WAN口和LAN口进行设置。

Network->Interfaces界面的配置会保存在文件/etc/config/network中。

8.7 查看Netwrok->Wireless的配置

登录OpenWrt-LuCI界面后，点击顶部的 Network ---> Wireless，可以查看WiFi 热点的设置界面:

默认的WiFi AP热点名称类似为“OpenWrt-10:d0:7a:de:3d:92”，没有密码，手机可以直接连接该热点然后访问互联网。

点击“Edit” 按钮，更改Interface Configuration ---> General Setup ---> ESSID 可以更改WiFi热点的名字，点击Save & Apply 保存。

在Interface Configuration ---> Wireless Security 的 Encryption 可以设置WiFi 热点的加密方式，在Key 设置WiFi热点的密码，点击Save & Apply 保存。

在 Network ---> Wireless 页面的 Associated Stations 可以查看当前连接到WiFi 热点的设备。

Network->Wireless界面的配置会保存在文件/etc/config/wireless中。

9 Build Linux System

9.1 Based on Linux-4.14 BSP

The NanoPi M1-Plus supports the Linux-4.14 kernel which is mainly maintained and supported by open source communities. FriendlyElec ported this kernel to the NanoPi M1-Plus.
Here is a reference link to more details about how to make image files for Allwinner H3 based on mainline U-boot and Linux-4.14 kernel:Building U-boot and Linux for H5/H3/H2+

9.2 Based on Linux-3.4 BSP

The Linux3.4 BSP is provided by Allwinner. FriendlyElec ported this to the NanoPi M1-Plus.

9.2.1 Preparations

Get lichee source:

$ git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/h3_lichee.git lichee --depth 1

Note: "lichee" is the project name named by Allwinner for its CPU's source code which contains the source code of U-boot, Linux kernel and various scripts.

9.2.2 Install Cross Compiler

Visit this site download link, enter the "toolchain" directory, download the cross compiler "gcc-linaro-arm.tar.xz" and copy it to the "lichee/brandy/toochain/" directory.

9.2.3 Compile lichee Source Code

Compilation of the H3's BSP source code must be done under a PC running a 64-bit Linux.The following cases were tested on Ubuntu-14.04 LTS-64bit:

$ sudo apt-get install gawk git gnupg flex bison gperf build-essential \
zip curl libc6-dev libncurses5-dev:i386 x11proto-core-dev \
libx11-dev:i386 libreadline6-dev:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 \
libgl1-mesa-dev g++-multilib mingw32 tofrodos \
python-markdown libxml2-utils xsltproc zlib1g-dev:i386

Enter the lichee directory and run the following command to compile the whole package:

$ cd lichee/fa_tools
$ ./build.sh -b nanopi-m1-plus -p linux -t all

After this compilation succeeds a u-boot, Linux kernel and kernel modules will be generated
Note: the lichee directory contains a cross-compiler we have setup. When you compile the source code it will automatically call this cross-compiler.

9.2.4 Compile U-boot

Note:you need to compile the whole lichee directory before you can compile U-boot individually.
You can run the following commands to compile U-boot:

$ cd lichee/fa_tools/
$ ./build.sh -b nanopi-m1-plus -p linux -t u-boot

The gen_script.sh script patches the U-boot with Allwinner features. A U-boot without these features cannot work.
Type the following command to update the U-boot on the MicroSD card:

$ cd lichee/fa_tools/
$ ./fuse.sh -d /dev/sdX -p linux -t u-boot

Note: you need to replace "/dev/sdx" with the device name in your system.

9.2.5 Compile Linux Kernel

Note:you need to compile the whole lichee directory before you can compile Linux kernel individually.
If you want to compile the Linux kernel run the following command:

$ cd lichee/fa_tools/
$ ./build.sh -b nanopi-m1-plus -p linux -t kernel

After the compilation is done a boot.img and its kernel modules will be generated under "linux-3.4/output".

9.2.6 Clean Source Code

$ cd lichee/fa_tools/
$ ./build.sh -b nanopi-m1-plus -p linux -t clean

10 Applications under Android

10.1 IR Controller(RC-100)

You can use FriendlyARM's IR controller(RC-100) to navigate the Android system.
Here is a list of the function keys on the RC-100 IR controller

Key	Function
POWER	On/Off
F1	Search
F2	Open Browser
F3	Enable/Disable Mouse
UP	Move Up
DOWN	Move Down
LEFT	Move Left
RIGHT	Move Right
OK	OK
Volume-	Turn Down Volume
Mute	Mute
Volume+	Turn Up Volume
SETTING	Go to Setting Window
HOME	Go to Home Window
BACK	Go Back to the Previous Window

After Android is loaded for the first time you need to follow the prompts on Android's GUI to enter the main window and then press F3 to enable mouse and complete the setup process by navigating "up", "down", "left", "right" and "OK".

10.2 Play 4K Video

Visit this the test-video directory of this link download link and download the 4K video file: 4K-Chimei-inn-60mbps.mp4 and copy it to an SD card or USB drive.
Boot Android on your M1 Plus and insert this SD card or USB drive to it. After locate the 4K video file with ESFileExplorer click on and play it with Android's Gallery player.
In our test playing this 4K video file from a USB drive worked better.

11 Make Your Own Android

11.1 Preparations

Compilation of the H3's BSP source code must be done under a PC running a 64-bit Linux.The following cases were tested on Ubuntu-14.04 LTS-64bit:

$ sudo apt-get install gawk git gnupg flex bison gperf build-essential \
zip curl libc6-dev libncurses5-dev:i386 x11proto-core-dev \
libx11-dev:i386 libreadline6-dev:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 \
libgl1-mesa-dev g++-multilib mingw32 tofrodos \
python-markdown libxml2-utils xsltproc zlib1g-dev:i386

Packaging an Android image relies on the scripts in the lichee's source code. Therefore you need to clone lichee's source code:

$ git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/h3_lichee.git lichee

Note:lichee is the name of the project in which Allwinner provides support for its CPUs. The lichee source code includes the source code of U-boot, Linux and various scripts. You cannot rename the "lichee" directory.

Clone Android Source Code:

$ git clone https://gitlab.com/friendlyelec/h3_android-4.4 android

Since packaging an Android image relies on the scripts in the lichee's source code. Therefore you need to clone the Android source code under the same directory where lichee is located and name the cloned directory "android":

$ ls ./
android lichee

Install Cross Compiler:

In order to compile the lichee source code you need to visit this site download link, enter the "toolchain" directory, download the cross compiler "gcc-linaro-arm.tar.xz" and copy it to the "lichee/brandy/toochain/" directory.

11.2 Compile Android

Setup Environment

Run the following commands on a host PC running 64-bit Ubuntu-14.04 LTS-64bit:

$ sudo apt-get install bison g++-multilib git gperf libxml2-utils make python-networkx zip flex libncurses5-dev zlib1g-dev gawk minicom

For more details refer to:android_initializing。

Install JDK

We used the JDK1.6.0_45. You can get it from Oracle: Oracle JDK . In our test we installed it in the /usr/lib/jvm/ directory.

Compile System

$ cd lichee/fa_tools/
$ ./build.sh -b nanopi-m1-plus -p android -t all            # compile lichee's source code and this will generate a kernel and drivers for Android.
$ cd ../../android
$ export PATH=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.6.0_45/bin:$PATH
$ ./build.sh -b nanopi-m1-plus				    # compile android's source code and this will generate an Android image file.

After the above commands are finished an Android image "sun8iw7p1_android_nanopi-m1-plus_uart0.img" will be generated under the "lichee/tools/pack/" directory.

11.3 Clean Source Code

$ cd lichee/fa_tools/
$ ./build.sh -b nanopi-m1-plus -p android -t clean

12 Developer's Guide

System Development

Image Utilities

System Configurations
- npi-config
- Use NetworkManager to configure network settings

Hardware Access

13 3D Housing Printing Files

NanoPi M1 Plus 3D housing printing files:[2]

14 Resources

Schematic
- NanoPi-M1-Plus-1702-Schematic.pdf
Dimensional Diagram
Allwinner H3 datasheet Allwinner_H3_Datasheet_V1.2.pdf
Matrix Modules & Wiki Sites:

15 Update Log

15.1 March-1-2017

Released English Version

15.2 May-24-2017

Added section 3: software features

15.3 June-4-2017

Updated section 3: added OS features

15.4 June-13-2017

Added section 7: working with UbuntuCore

15.5 July-8-2017

Updated sections 6.4 & 6.9

15.6 Jan-30-2018

Reorganized wiki
Updated section 7.6

15.7 April-13-2018

Added sections 6.6, 7.11, 7.16 and 7.17

15.8 August-1-2018

Updated section 10

15.9 Dec-19-2018

Updated section 8

@@ Line 293: / Line 293: @@
 * 当手机等设备成功连接到开发板的WiFi热点后，在LuCI的Netwrok ---> Wireless界面里可以查看已成功连接的设备:<br>
 [[File:openwrt_wifiap_connected.png|frameless|600px|openwrt_wifiap_connected]] <br>
-===有线网络设备连接开发板的LAN口===
-NanoPi R1的OpenWrt系统默认被配置为二级无线路由功能，其中的百兆以太网口(eth1)被配置LAN功能，PC/开发板等有线网络设备可以通过网线连接到R1的LAN口，然后访问互联网，示例如下:<br>
-[[File:r1_lan_connected.png|frameless|500px|r1_lan_connected]]<br>
-此时，NanoPi NEO已经能访问互联网了:
-<syntaxhighlight lang="text">
-$ ping www.baidu.com
-bytes from 14.215.177.38: icmp_seq=2 ttl=56 time=19.5 ms
-</syntaxhighlight>
 ===软件包管理===