NanoPi M1

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1 Introduction

Overview
Front
Back
frameless
  • The NanoPi M1 is an Allwinner H3 based ARM board designed and released by FriendlyARM for hobbyists, makers and electronic fans. It is only two thirds the size of the Raspberry Pi. It is open source. It works with Ubuntu MATE, Debian and etc.
  • The NanoPi M1 uses Allwinner’s H3 Soc. It integrates Ethernet, IR receiver, video/audio output and supports HDMI and AVOUT. It can be powered via the MicroUSB port
  • In such a small board it still integrates rich interfaces and ports. Besides the popular HDMI, Ethernet, USB-Host, USB-OTG, DVP camera interface and AVOUT (audio and video) it has an onboard Microphone, IR receiver, a serial debug port and a Raspberry Pi compatible 40 pin GPIO pin header.

2 Features

  • CPU: Allwinner H3, Quad-core Cortex-A7@1.2GHz
  • GPU: Mali400MP2@600MHz，Supports OpenGL ES2.0
  • DDR3 RAM: 512MB
  • Connectivity: 10/100M Ethernet
  • Audio: 3.5mm audio jack/Via HDMI
  • Microphone: Onboard microphone
  • IR Receiver: Onboard IR receiver
  • USB Host：Type A, USB 2.0 x 3
  • MicroSD Slot x 1
  • MicroUSB: for data transmission and power input, OTG
  • Video Output: HDMI 1.4 1080P, CVBS
  • DVP Camera Interface: 24pin, 0.5mm pitch FPC seat
  • Debug Serial Port: 4Pin, 2.54mm pitch pin header
  • GPIO: 2.54mm spacing 40pin, compatible with Raspberry Pi's GPIO. It includes UART, SPI, I2C, IO etc
  • User Key: Power LED x 1, Reset x 1
  • PC Size: 64 x 50mm
  • Power Supply: DC 5V/2A
  • OS/Software: u-boot，Ubuntu MATE，Debian

compact

3 Diagram, Layout and Dimension

3.1 Layout

NanoPi M1 Layout
  • GPIO Pin Spec
Pin# Name Pin# Name
1 SYS_3.3V 2 VDD_5V
3 I2C0_SDA 4 VDD_5V
5 I2C0_SCL 6 GND
7 GPIOG11 8 UART1_TX/GPIOG6
9 GND 10 UART1_RX/GPIOG7
11 UART2_TX/GPIOA0 12 PWM1/GPIOA6
13 UART2_RTS/GPIOA2 14 GND
15 UART2_CTS/GPIOA3 16 UART1_RTS/GPIOG8
17 SYS_3.3V 18 UART1_CTS/GPIOG9
19 SPI0_MOSI/GPIOC0 20 GND
21 SIP0_MISO/GPIOC1 22 UART2_RX/GPIOA1
23 SPI0_CLK/GPIOC29 24 SPI0_CS/GPIOC3
25 GND 26 SPDIF-OUT/GPIOA17
27 I2C1_SDA/GPIOA19 28 I2C1_SCL/GPIOA18
29 GPIOA20 30 GND
31 GGPIOA21 32 GPIOA7
33 GPIOA8 34 GND
35 UART3_CTS/SPI1_MISO/GPIOA16 36 UART3_TX/SPI1_CS/GPIOA13
37 GPIOA9 38 UART3_RTS/SPI1_MOSI/GPIOA15
39 GND 40 UART3_RX/SPI1_CLK/GPIOA14
  • Debug Port（UART0）
Pin# Name
1 GND
2 VDD_5V
3 UART_TXD0
4 UART_RXD0
  • DVP Camera IF Pin Spec
Pin# Name Description
1, 2 SYS_3.3V 3.3V power output, to camera modules
7,9,13,15,24 GND Gound, 0V
3 I2C2_SCL I2C Clock Signal
4 I2C2_SDA I2C Data Signal
5 GPIOE15 Regular GPIO, control signals output to camera modules
6 GPIOE14 Regular GPIO, control signals output to camera modules
8 MCLK Clock signals output to camera modules
10 NC Not Connected
11 VSYNC vertical synchronization to CPU　from camera modules
12 HREF/HSYNC HREF/HSYNC signal to CPU from camera modules
14 PCLK PCLK signal to CPU from camera modules
16-23 Data bit7-0 data signals
Note:
  1. SYS_3.3V: 3.3V power output
  2. VDD_5V: 5V power input/output. When the external device’s power is greater than the MicroUSB’s the external device is charging the board otherwise the board powers the external device. The input range is 4.7V ~ 5.6V
  3. All pins are 3.3V and output current is 5mA. It can drive small loads.可以带动小负荷模块，io都不能带负载
  4. For more details please refer to the document: NanoPi-M1-1603-Schematic.pdf

3.2 Board Dimension

NanoPi-M1-1603-dimensions.png

For more details please refer to: pcb file in dxf

4 Get Started

4.1 Essentials You Need

Before play with your NanoPi M1 please get the following items ready

  • NanoPi M1
  • microSD Card/TFCard: Class 10 or Above, minimum 8GB SDHC
  • microUSB power. A 5V/2A power is a must
  • HDMI monitor
  • USB keyboard and mouse
  • A Host running Ubuntu 14.04 64 bit system

4.2 TF Cards We Tested

To make your NanoPi M1 boot and run fast we highly recommand you use a Class10 8GB SDHC TF card or a better one. The following cards are what we used in all our test cases presented here:

  • SanDisk TF 8G Class10 Micro/SD TF card:

SanDisk MicroSD 8G

  • SanDisk TF128G MicroSDXC TF 128G Class10 48MB/S:

SanDisk MicroSD 128G

  • 川宇 8G C10 High Speed class10 micro SD card:

chuanyu MicroSD 8G

4.3 Make an Installation MicroSD Card

4.3.1 Under Windows

Please get the following files from here:[http://wiki.friendlyarm.com/wiki/nanopi2/download/ to download image files.

Image Files
nanopi-m1-debian-sd4g.img.zip Debian Image Files
Flash Utility:
win32diskimager.rar Windows utility. Under Linux users can use "dd"
  • Please uncompress these files. Insert an SD card(at least 4G) to a Windows PC, run the win32diskimager utility as administrator，On the utility's main window select your SD card's drive and the image files and click on "write" to start flashing the SD card.
  • Please insert this card to your NanoPi M1 and power on (with a 5V/2A power source). If the green LED is on and the blue LED is blinking this indicates your NanoPi M1 is successfully booted.

5 Play with Debian

5.1 Ethernet Connection

If the NanoPi M1 is connected to a network via Ethernet before it is powered on it will automatically obtain an IP after it is powered on. If it is not connected via Ethernet or its DHCP is not activated obtaining an IP will fail and system will hang on for about 15 to 60 seconds

  • 1) Setup MAC Address

The NanoPi M1 by default doesn't have a valid MAC address. If the board connects a network successfully it will automatically generates a random MAC in "/etc/network/interfaces.d/eth0". Users can change it to a self-defined valid one: 

vi /etc/network/interfaces.d/eth0

Here is the content of a sample configuration file: 

auto eth0
allow-hotplug eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp
hwaddress 76:92:d4:85:f3:0f

The "hwaddress" specifies the MAC address. Here the "76:92:d4:85:f3:0f" is a random MAC. We suggest users change it to a valid one.
Note: when you reset the MAC please make sure your MAC meets IEEE's definition otherwise it will cause unexpected issues. After you make your change, save, exit and reboot your board or run the following commands to restart the network: 

systemctl restart networking


5.2 Test GPU

启动Debian系统，在HDMI输出的界面下登录Debian，打开终端并运行程序glmark2-es2： 

glmark2-es2

m1-gpu-glmark2

5.3 测试VPU

访问此处下载地址下载视频文件。
启动Debian系统，在HDMI输出的界面下登录Debian，打开终端运行mplayer播放视频： 

mplayer -vo vdpau -vc ffmpeg12vdpau,ffh264vdpau, ./big_buck_bunny_1080p_H264_AAC_25fps_7200K.MP4

经测试，可流畅播放1080p视频。

6 如何编译Debian系统

下载源码，进入目录lichee： 

cd lichee

6.1 编译完整源码

一次性编译整个源码包，包括U-boot、Linux Kernel和Module： 

./build.sh -p sun8iw7p1 -b nanopi-h3
./gen_script.sh

gen_script.sh会打包所有可执行文件，并生成支持不同分辨率的script.bin。 script.bin是全志系列cpu的硬件板级配置文件，相关信息请查看script.bin

6.2 烧写系统到SD卡

烧写U-boot、Linux Kernel和script.bin到SD卡上： 

./burn_into_sd.sh /dev/sdx

/dev/sdx请替换为实际的SD卡设备文件名，该脚本会烧写U-boot到SD卡中，并拷贝uImage和script.bin到SD卡boot分区。

6.3 编译U-boot

./build.sh -p sun8iw7p1 -b nanopi-h3 -m uboot

编译生成的可执行文件需打上补丁后才能烧写到SD卡上运行，执行./gen_script.sh脚本能完成打补丁的操作。
如何手动打补丁请查看H3_Manual_build_howto

6.4 编译Linux Kernel

./build.sh -p sun8iw7p1 -b nanopi-h3 -m kernel

编译完成后uImage和内核模块均位于linux-3.4/output目录下。

6.5 清理源码

./build.sh -p sun8iw7p1 -b nanopi-h3 -m clean

7 如何编译Android系统

8 更多OS

8.1 Ubuntu-Core

Ubuntu-Core是一个轻量级的Ubuntu系统，无桌面环境，可通过ssh登录。
仅提供给进阶爱好者交流使用，不对该系统提供专业技术支持。

  • 访问此处下载地址下载系统固件。
  • 将固件解压后，在Windows下使用友善官方提供 win32diskimager 工具烧写即可。
  • 烧写完成后，将SD卡插入NanoPi M1，上电即可体验Ubuntu-Core。
  • 登录账号：root或fa ; 登录密码：fa

8.2 Ubuntu-MATE

Ubuntu-MATE基于Ubuntu系统，使用的桌面环境是MATE-desktop，界面简洁易用，需配合HDMI使用，可通过ssh登录。
仅提供给进阶爱好者交流使用，不对该系统提供专业技术支持。

  • 访问此处下载地址下载系统固件。
  • 将固件解压后，在Windows下使用友善官方提供 win32diskimager 工具烧写Ubuntu-MATE即可。
  • 烧写完成后，将SD卡插入NanoPi M1，上电即可体验Ubuntu-MATE。
  • 登录账号：root或fa ; 登录密码：fa

9 Resources

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