NanoPi M1

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1 Introduction

Overview

Front

Back

frameless

The NanoPi M1 is an Allwinner H3 based ARM board designed and released by FriendlyARM for hobbyists, makers and electronic fans. It is only two thirds the size of the Raspberry Pi. It is open source. It works with Ubuntu MATE, Debian and etc.
The NanoPi M1 uses the Allwinner H3 Soc. It integrates Ethernet, IR receiver, video/audio output and supports HDMI and AVOUT. It can be powered via the MicroUSB port
In such a small board it still integrates rich interfaces and ports. Besides the popular HDMI, Ethernet, USB-Host, USB-OTG, DVP camera interface and AVOUT (audio and video) it has an onboard Microphone, IR receiver, a serial debug port and a Raspberry Pi compatible 40 pin GPIO pin header.

2 Features

CPU: Allwinner H3, Quad-core Cortex-A7@1.2GHz
GPU: Mali400MP2@600MHz，Supports OpenGL ES2.0
DDR3 RAM: 512MB
Connectivity: 10/100M Ethernet
Audio: 3.5mm audio jack/Via HDMI
Microphone: Onboard microphone
IR Receiver: Onboard IR receiver
USB Host：Type A, USB 2.0 x 3
MicroSD Slot x 1
MicroUSB: for data transmission and power input, OTG
Video Output: HDMI 1.4 1080P, CVBS
DVP Camera Interface: 24pin, 0.5mm pitch FPC seat
Debug Serial Port: 4Pin, 2.54mm pitch pin header
GPIO: 2.54mm spacing 40pin, compatible with Raspberry Pi's GPIO. It includes UART, SPI, I2C, IO etc
User Key: Power LED x 1, Reset x 1
PC Size: 64 x 50mm
Power Supply: DC 5V/2A
OS/Software: u-boot，Ubuntu MATE，Debian

3 Diagram, Layout and Dimension

3.1 Layout

NanoPi M1 Layout

GPIO Pin Spec

Pin#	Name	Pin#	Name
1	SYS_3.3V	2	VDD_5V
3	I2C0_SDA	4	VDD_5V
5	I2C0_SCL	6	GND
7	GPIOG11	8	UART1_TX/GPIOG6
9	GND	10	UART1_RX/GPIOG7
11	UART2_TX/GPIOA0	12	PWM1/GPIOA6
13	UART2_RTS/GPIOA2	14	GND
15	UART2_CTS/GPIOA3	16	UART1_RTS/GPIOG8
17	SYS_3.3V	18	UART1_CTS/GPIOG9
19	SPI0_MOSI/GPIOC0	20	GND
21	SIP0_MISO/GPIOC1	22	UART2_RX/GPIOA1
23	SPI0_CLK/GPIOC29	24	SPI0_CS/GPIOC3
25	GND	26	SPDIF-OUT/GPIOA17
27	I2C1_SDA/GPIOA19	28	I2C1_SCL/GPIOA18
29	GPIOA20	30	GND
31	GGPIOA21	32	GPIOA7
33	GPIOA8	34	GND
35	UART3_CTS/SPI1_MISO/GPIOA16	36	UART3_TX/SPI1_CS/GPIOA13
37	GPIOA9	38	UART3_RTS/SPI1_MOSI/GPIOA15
39	GND	40	UART3_RX/SPI1_CLK/GPIOA14

Debug Port（UART0）

Pin#	Name
1	GND
2	VDD_5V
3	UART_TXD0
4	UART_RXD0

DVP Camera IF Pin Spec

Pin#	Name	Description
1, 2	SYS_3.3V	3.3V power output, to camera modules
7,9,13,15,24	GND	Gound, 0V
3	I2C2_SCL	I2C Clock Signal
4	I2C2_SDA	I2C Data Signal
5	GPIOE15	Regular GPIO, control signals output to camera modules
6	GPIOE14	Regular GPIO, control signals output to camera modules
8	MCLK	Clock signals output to camera modules
10	NC	Not Connected
11	VSYNC	vertical synchronization to CPU　from camera modules
12	HREF/HSYNC	HREF/HSYNC signal to CPU from camera modules
14	PCLK	PCLK signal to CPU from camera modules
16-23	Data bit7-0	data signals

Note:

SYS_3.3V: 3.3V power output
VDD_5V: 5V power input/output. When the external device’s power is greater than the MicroUSB’s the external device is charging the board otherwise the board powers the external device. The input range is 4.7V ~ 5.6V
All pins are 3.3V and output current is 5mA. It can drive small loads.可以带动小负荷模块，io都不能带负载
For more details please refer to the document: NanoPi-M1-1603-Schematic.pdf

3.2 Board Dimension

For more details please refer to: pcb file in dxf

4 Get Started

4.1 Essentials You Need

Before play with your NanoPi M1 please get the following items ready

NanoPi M1
microSD Card/TFCard: Class 10 or Above, minimum 8GB SDHC
microUSB power. A 5V/2A power is a must
HDMI monitor
USB keyboard and mouse
A Host running Ubuntu 14.04 64 bit system

4.2 TF Cards We Tested

To make your NanoPi M1 boot and run fast we highly recommand you use a Class10 8GB SDHC TF card or a better one. The following cards are what we used in all our test cases presented here:

SanDisk TF 8G Class10 Micro/SD TF card:

SanDisk TF128G MicroSDXC TF 128G Class10 48MB/S:

川宇 8G C10 High Speed class10 micro SD card:

4.3 Make an Installation MicroSD Card

4.3.1 Under Windows

Please get the following files from here:[http://wiki.friendlyarm.com/wiki/nanopi2/download/ to download image files.

Image Files
nanopi-m1-debian-sd4g.img.zip	Debian Image Files
Flash Utility:
win32diskimager.rar	Windows utility. Under Linux users can use "dd"

Please uncompress these files. Insert an SD card(at least 4G) to a Windows PC, run the win32diskimager utility as administrator，On the utility's main window select your SD card's drive and the image files and click on "write" to start flashing the SD card.
Please insert this card to your NanoPi M1 and power on (with a 5V/2A power source). If the green LED is on and the blue LED is blinking this indicates your NanoPi M1 is successfully booted.

5 Play with Debian

5.1 Ethernet Connection

If the NanoPi M1 is connected to a network via Ethernet before it is powered on it will automatically obtain an IP after it is powered on. If it is not connected via Ethernet or its DHCP is not activated obtaining an IP will fail and system will hang on for about 15 to 60 seconds

1) Setup MAC Address

The NanoPi M1 by default doesn't have a valid MAC address. If the board connects a network successfully it will automatically generates a random MAC in "/etc/network/interfaces.d/eth0". Users can change it to a self-defined valid one:

vi /etc/network/interfaces.d/eth0

Here is the content of a sample configuration file:

auto eth0
allow-hotplug eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp
hwaddress 76:92:d4:85:f3:0f

The "hwaddress" specifies the MAC address. Here the "76:92:d4:85:f3:0f" is a random MAC. We suggest users change it to a valid one.
Note: when you reset the MAC please make sure your MAC meets IEEE's definition otherwise it will cause unexpected issues. After you make your change, save, exit and reboot your board or run the following commands to restart the network:

systemctl restart networking

5.2 Test GPU

After Debian loads please login from a terminal and run "glmark2-es2":

glmark2-es2

5.3 Test VPU

Please visit this link download link to download files
After Debian loads please login from a terminal and run "mplayer":

mplayer -vo vdpau -vc ffmpeg12vdpau,ffh264vdpau, ./big_buck_bunny_1080p_H264_AAC_25fps_7200K.MP4

In our test it could play 1080P video fluently.

6 Make Your Own Debian

Please go to the lichee directory to get the source code:

cd lichee

6.1 Compile Source Code

Compile the whole source code packages including U-boot, Linux Kernel and Modules:

./build.sh -p sun8iw7p1 -b nanopi-h3
./gen_script.sh

The gen_script.sh script contains all the necessary files to compile all of these files. After it is executed multiple script.bin files will be generated for different resolutions. A script.bin file is a configuration file made by Allwinnner for its CPU series. For more details please refer to script.bin

6.2 Flash Image to TF Card

Please run the following command to flash U-boot, Linux Kernel and script.bin to your TF card:

./burn_into_sd.sh /dev/sdx

Note: you need to replace "/dev/sdx" with the device name in your system. This script flashes U-Boot to your TF card and copies uImage and script.bin to your TF card's boot section.

6.3 Compile U-boot

./build.sh -p sun8iw7p1 -b nanopi-h3 -m uboot

After a u-boot executable is generated some extra patches need to be patched to it. Please run "./gen_script.sh" to patch this executable.
If you want to manually patch the executable please refer to H3_Manual_build_howto

6.4 Compile Linux Kernel

./build.sh -p sun8iw7p1 -b nanopi-h3 -m kernel

After the compilation is done a uImage and its kernel modules will be generated under "linux-3.4/output".

6.5 Clean Source Code

./build.sh -p sun8iw7p1 -b nanopi-h3 -m clean

7 Make Your Own Android

8 More OS Support

8.1 Ubuntu-Core

Ubuntu-Core is a basic verson which has support for Ethernet and SSH.
FriendlyARM doesn't provide technical support for it.

Please go to this link download link to download the image files
Please uncompress it and flash the image file to a TF card with win32diskimager under Windows
After it is done you can boot your NanoPi M1 with this card
Login name: "root" or "fa", Password: fa

8.2 Ubuntu-MATE

Ubuntu-Mate is a Ubuntu variant and its GUI is Mate-desktop. You can log in via SSH when you connect a NanoPi M1 to an HDMI
FriendlyARM doesn't provide technical support for it

Please go to this link download link to download the image files
Please uncompress it and flash the image file to a TF card with win32diskimager under Windows
After it is done you can boot your NanoPi M1 with this card
Login name: "root" or "fa", Password: fa