Matrix - I2C LCD1602 Keypad

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1 Introduction

I2C LCD1602 Keypad

I2C LCD1602 Keypad

• The Matrix-I2C_LCD1602_Keypad module is an easy-to-use display module based on the LCD1602.
• This module integrates the LCD1602 and the MCP23017 module. It has five programmable keys which allow users to control the LCD1602's display and external devices connected to the module.
• It has a potentiometer to adjust the LCD's back light.
• The LCD1602 can display up to 16x2 characters. It has a parallel interface. You can control it via two I2C channels.
• The MCP23017 has a 16-bit remote bidirectional I/O port, high speed I2C interface, three hardware address pins which make it able to connect up to eight devices. It communicates through I2C interface and converts input to parallel signals to the LCD1602.

2 Features

• I2C interface, LCD display and backlight control
• 2.54mm spacing pin
• I2C PCB dimension (mm): 57 x 80
• LCD1602 PCB dimension (mm): 36 x 80

• Pin Description:

Pin	Description
IRQ	BUTTON IRQ
SDA	I2C SDA
SCL	I2C SCL
5V	Supply Voltage 5V
GND	Ground

3 Basic Device Operation

3.1 MCP23017

• The MCP23017 has a 16-bit remote bidirectional I/O port, high speed I2C interface. These I/O can be configured to inputs and outputs. Each input/output data is kept in its register. It has three hardware address pins which make it able to connect up to eight devices. In addition it has two configurable interrupt pins INTA and INTB.
• The I2C write operation includes the control byte and register address sequence. This sequence is followed by eight bits of data from the master and an Acknowledge (ACK) from the MCP23017. The operation is ended with a Stop (P) or Restart (SR) condition being generated by the master.
• The I2C Read operation includes the control byte sequence. This sequence is followed by another control byte (including the Start condition and ACK) with the R/W bit set (R/W = 1). The MCP23017 then transmits the data contained in the addressed register. The sequence is ended with the master generating a Stop or Restart condition.
• The I2C sequential operation (Write or Read) works this way: instead of transmitting a Stop or Restart condition after a data transfer, the master clocks the next byte pointed to by the address pointer after each data transfer. The sequence is ended with the master sending a Stop or Restart condition.

3.2 LCD1602

• The connection diagram between the MCP23017 module's Pin0~Pin7 and the LCD module is shown below:

• RS is instruction/data register selection. RW is read/write selection. E is enable signal(edge triggering). BL is back light control. D4-D7 are data bits.
• The LCD module is controlled by four data bits through which we can send instructions to control its state. Because it has eight instruction/data bits (DB7 - DB0) when writing each instruction/data we need to write the most significant four bits DB7 - DB4 first and then the least significant four bits DB3 - DB0.
• Note: the LCD module has 192 most commonly used characters stored in CGROM. When we write a common character e.g "A" it will directly display "A". In addition it can store up to eight user defined characters in RAM called CGRAM.

4 Applications

4.1 Connect to NanoPi M1

Refer to the following connection diagram to connect the module to the NanoPi M1:

4.2 Connect to NanoPi 2

Refer to the following connection diagram to connect the module to the NanoPi 2:

4.3 Connect to NanoPi M2 / NanoPi 2 Fire

Refer to the following connection diagram to connect the module to the NanoPi M2/ NanoPi 2 Fire.
Matrix-I2C_LCD1602_Keypad_nanopi_m2

4.4 Connect to NanoPC-T2

Refer to the following connection diagram to connect the module to the NanoPC-T2:
Matrix-I2C_LCD1602_Keypad_NanoPC-T2

Connection Details:

Matrix-I2C_LCD1602_Keypad	NanoPC-T2
SDA	Pin6
SCL	Pin5
5V	Pin29
GND	Pin30

5 Compile & Run Test Program

Boot your ARM board with Debian and copy the matrix code:

$ apt-get update && apt-get install git
$ git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/matrix.git

If your cloning is done successfully a "matrix" directory will be generated.

Compile and install Matrix:

$ cd matrix
$ make && make install

Run test program:

$ matrix-lcd1602_keypad

Note: this module is not plug and play therefore before running the module please make sure it is connected to an ARM board.
Here is what you should observe:

在LCD上默认会显示当前时间，按下F1键会显示IP地址，F2、F3、F4键的功能则由用户自行定义，按下F5键重新显示时间。
如果LCD上没有显示，则需要旋转模块上的可调电阻以调节字体颜色的深浅。

6 代码说明

所有的开发板都共用一套Matrix代码，本模块的测试示例代码为matrix-i2c_lcd1602_keypad，内容如下:

int main(int argc, char ** argv)
{
    int devFD, board;
    int keyValue = 0;
    int lastKeyValue = -1;
    int showDefault = 1;
    int needClear = 1;
    time_t lt;
    char curTime[TIME_STR_BUFSIZE];
    char preTime[TIME_STR_BUFSIZE];
    int i2cDev = 0;
 
    if ((board = boardInit()) < 0) {
        printf("Fail to init board\n");
        return -1;
    }
 
    if (argc == 2)
        i2cDev = atoi(argv[1]);    
    if ((devFD = LCD1602KeyInit(i2cDev)) == -1) {
        printf("Fail to init LCD1602\n");
        return -1;
    }
    LCD1602KeyClear(devFD);
    printf("waiting key press...\n");
    while (1) {
        keyValue = LCD1602GetKey(devFD);
        if (keyValue != lastKeyValue) {
            lastKeyValue = keyValue;
        } else if (showDefault != 1){
            usleep(1000);
            continue;
        }
        switch (keyValue) {
        // F1
        case 0x1e:
            showDefault = 0;
            LCD1602KeyClear(devFD);
            LCD1602KeyDispStr(devFD, 0, 0, "#F1-IP address");
            if (showIP(devFD, "eth0")) {
                if (showIP(devFD, "wlan0")) {
                    if (showIP(devFD, "usb0")) {
                        showIP(devFD, "lo");
                    }
                }
            }
            break;
            // F2    
        case 0x1d:
            showDefault = 0;
            LCD1602KeyClear(devFD);
            LCD1602KeyDispStr(devFD, 0, 0, "#F2-Your favor");
            LCD1602KeyDispStr(devFD, 0, 1, "Come add it");
            break;
            // F3    
        case 0x1b:
            showDefault = 0;
            LCD1602KeyClear(devFD);
            LCD1602KeyDispStr(devFD, 0, 0, "#F3-Your idea");
            LCD1602KeyDispStr(devFD, 0, 1, "Come show it");
            break;
            // F4
        case 0x17:
            showDefault = 0;
            LCD1602KeyClear(devFD);
            LCD1602KeyDispStr(devFD, 0, 0, "#F4-About");
            LCD1602KeyDispStr(devFD, 0, 1, "by FriendlyARM");
            break;
            // F5
        case 0xf:
            showDefault = 1;
            break;
        }
        if (showDefault == 1) {
            if (needClear) {
                LCD1602KeyClear(devFD);
                LCD1602KeyDispStr(devFD, 0, 0, "#Default");
                needClear = 0;
            }
            memset(curTime, 0, TIME_STR_BUFSIZE);
            lt = time(NULL);
            strncpy(curTime, ctime(&lt) + 11, 8);
            if(strcmp(curTime, preTime)) {
                printf("time:%s\n", curTime);
                LCD1602KeyDispStr(devFD, 0, 1, curTime);
            }
            memset(preTime, 0, TIME_STR_BUFSIZE);
            strcpy(preTime, curTime);
        } else {
            needClear = 1;
            usleep(1000);
        }
    }    
    printf("quit reading key press\n");
    LCD1602KeyDeInit(devFD);
    return 0;
}

API说明参考维基：Matrix API reference manual

8 Update Log

8.1 Feb-24-2016

• Added the driver's source code location in Section 5.2