Difference between revisions of "Template:S5P6818Software"

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===Run Android or Debian===
 
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* Insert an SD card with Android/Debian image file into your NanoPC-T3, connect the board to an HDMI monitor, press and hold the boot key, power on the board the NanoPC-T3 will boot from the SD card. If you can see the PWR LED on and the LED1 flashing it means your board is working and you will see Android/Debain being loaded on the HDMI monitor.<br/>
 
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1) If you connect the NanoPC-T3 to an HDMI monitor you need to use a USB mouse and a USB keyboard to operate. If you connect it to an LCD with capacitive touch you can operate directly on the LCD.<br/>
 
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2）If you want to do kernel development you need to use a serial communication board, ie a PSU-ONECOM board, which will allow you to operate the board via a serial terminal<br/>
 
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* Here is a setup where we connect a NanoPC-T3 to a PC running Ubuntu and Minicom via a serial cable you will see system messages output to the PC’s minicom terminal:
 
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[[File:PSU-ONECOM02.png|frameless|400px|PSU-ONECOM02]]
 
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* Under Debian the password for "root" is "fa"
 
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==Working with Debian==
 
==Working with Debian==
 
===Ethernet Connection===
 
===Ethernet Connection===

Revision as of 02:48, 20 December 2017

1 Working with Debian

1.1 Ethernet Connection

  • If the NanoPC-T3 is connected to a network via Ethernet before it is powered on, it will automatically obtain an IP after it is powered up.

1.2 Wireless Connection

Under Debian you can manage your network with NetworkManager.
After Debian boots click on the network icon on the bottom right of the task bar a NetworkManger menu will pop up and all the available networks will be listed. If there is an active wireless network you will see something similar to the following screenshot:
NetworkManagerIcon
You can click on a WiFI AP and connect your board to it.
For more details refer to:NetworkManager.

1.3 Setup Wi-Fi AP

Follow the steps below. Since our OS image by default already has the NetworkManager utility you will be prompted to uninstall it first:

sudo turn-wifi-into-apmode yes

After you uninstall the NetworkManager reboot your board.
After your board is rebooted run the above commands again and you will be prompted to type in a WIFI's name and password. Type in your wanted name and password

If this is successful you will be able to find and connect your board to a WIFI. Login to your board at 192.168.8.1: 

ssh root@192.168.8.1

Type in a password. In our system the password is "fa".

To login smoothly via SSH we recommend you turning off WIFI's power save mode by running the following commands: 

sudo iwconfig wlan0 power off

You can check your WiFi's mode by running the following command:

sudo cat /sys/module/bcmdhd/parameters/op_mode

Number 2 means your WiFi is in AP mode. You can switch to the Station mode by running the following command:

sudo turn-wifi-into-apmode no

1.4 Bluetooth

Here are the steps to transfer a file from T2 to a mobile phone. Run the following command to search a surrounding Bluetooth device:

hcitool scan


In our example a mobile phone was detected and the following messages were listed:
Scanning ...
38:BC:1A:B1:7E:DD MEIZU MX4

These messages indicated that a MEIZU MX4 mobile phone was detected. We then checked the Bluetooth services this phone supported with its MAC address presented in front of its device name

sdptool browse 38:BC:1A:B1:7E:DD

Note: you need to use your device's name and its MAC address when you run these commands.

The command listed all the services the phone supported. We needed the "OBEX Object Push" service which is for file transfers.
Service Name: OBEX Object Push
Service RecHandle: 0x1000b
Service Class ID List:
"OBEX Object Push" (0x1105)
Protocol Descriptor List:
"L2CAP" (0x0100)
"RFCOMM" (0x0003)
Channel: 25
"OBEX" (0x0008)
Profile Descriptor List:
"OBEX Object Push" (0x1105)
Version: 0x0100

From the above messages we could get the channel number 25 for the "OBEX Object Push" service. We input this number to the "ussp-push" by running the following command: 

ussp-push 38:BC:1A:B1:7E:DD@25 example.jpg example.jpg

Note: you need to use your device's name, its MAC address and channel number when you run these commands.

Usually after the above commands are run a popup window will show on the phone that communicates with T2 and you can start file transfers.

Common Issues:
1) If T2 cannot find a Bluetooth device you can try this command to restart its Bluetooth:

rfkill unblock 0

2) If any of these commands is not installed you can try this command to install it:

apt-get install bluetooth bluez obexftp openobex-apps python-gobject ussp-push

1.5 Install Debian Packages

We provide a Debian Jessie image. You can install Jessie's packages by commanding "apt-get". If this is your first installation you need to update the package list by running the following command 

apt-get update

You can install your preferred packages. For example if you want to install an FTP server you can do this： 

apt-get install vsftpd

Note: you can change your download server by editting "/etc/apt/sources.list". You can get a complete server list from [1]. You need to select the one with "armhf".

1.6 Audio Output from HDMI or 3.5mm Jack under Debian

Our default Debian image for the NanoPC-T3 doesn't support audio output. If you want to enable this function you need to install the alsa package.

  • 　Make sure your Debian OS is our latest version and your board has access to the internet;
  • 　Power up your board and run the following commands on your board's commandline utility to install the alsa package:
apt-get update
apt-get install libasound2
apt-get install alsa-base
apt-get install alsa-utils
  • After the installation is done copy a ".wav" audio file to your NanoPC-T3, connect your T3 to a earphone or speaker and try playing this audio file(By default Debian's audio output is from the 3.5mm audio jack):
aplay music.wav
  • By default Debian's audio output is from the 3.5mm audio jack. If you want audio output from the HDMI you need to change the setting by editing the "/etc/asound.conf" file:
pcm.!default {
    type hw
    card 1
    device 0}
 
ctl.!default {
    type hw
    card 1}

card 0 stands for the 3.5mm audio jack and card 1 stands for the HDMI audio. After you make your change reboot your board to make it effective.

2 Ubuntu-Core with Qt-Embedded

2.1 Introduction

Ubuntu Core with Qt-Embedded is a light Linux system without X-windows. It uses the Qt-Embedded's GUI and is popular in industrial and enterprise applications.

Besides the regular Ubuntu core's features our Ubuntu-Core has the following additional features:

  • it supports our LCDs with both capacitive touch and resistive touch(S700, X710, S70)
  • it supports WiFi
  • it supports Ethernet
  • it supports Bluetooth and has been installed with bluez utilities
  • it supports audio playing

3 Make Your Own OS Image

3.1 Install Cross Compiler

Download the compiler package: 

git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/prebuilts.git
sudo mkdir -p /opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain
sudo tar xf prebuilts/gcc-x64/arm-cortexa9-linux-gnueabihf-4.9.3.tar.xz -C /opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/

Then add the compiler's directory to "PATH" by appending the following lines in "~/.bashrc": 

export PATH=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/4.9.3/bin:$PATH
export GCC_COLORS=auto

Execute "~/.bashrc" to make the changes take effect. Note that there is a space after the first ".": 

. ~/.bashrc

This compiler is a 64-bit one therefore it cannot be run on a 32-bit Linux machine. After the compiler is installed you can verify it by running the following commands: 

arm-linux-gcc -v
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=arm-linux-gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/4.9.3/libexec/gcc/arm-cortexa9-linux-gnueabihf/4.9.3/lto-wrapper
Target: arm-cortexa9-linux-gnueabihf
Configured with: /work/toolchain/build/src/gcc-4.9.3/configure --build=x86_64-build_pc-linux-gnu
--host=x86_64-build_pc-linux-gnu --target=arm-cortexa9-linux-gnueabihf --prefix=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/4.9.3
--with-sysroot=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/4.9.3/arm-cortexa9-linux-gnueabihf/sys-root --enable-languages=c,c++
--with-arch=armv7-a --with-tune=cortex-a9 --with-fpu=vfpv3 --with-float=hard
...
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.9.3 (ctng-1.21.0-229g-FA)

3.2 Compile U-Boot

Download the U-Boot source code and compile it. Note that the github's branch is nanopi2-lollipop-mr1: 

git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/uboot_nanopi2.git
cd uboot_nanopi2
git checkout nanopi2-lollipop-mr1
make s5p6818_nanopi3_config
make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-

After your compilation succeeds a u-boot.bin will be generated. If you want to test it flash it to your installation SD card via fastboot. Here is how you can do it:
1) On your host PC run "sudo apt-get install android-tools-fastboot" to install the fastboot utility;
2) Connect your NanoPC-T3 to your host PC via a serial cable (e.g. PSU-ONECOME). Press the enter key within two seconds right after you power on your NanoPC-T3 and you will enter uboot's command line mode;
3) After type in "fastboot" and press "enter" you will enter the fastboot mode;
4) Connect your NanoPC-T3 to this host PC via a microUSB cable and type in the following command to flash u-boot.bin:

fastboot flash bootloader u-boot.bin


Warning: you cannot update this SD card by commanding "dd". This command will cause trouble when booting the NanoPC-T3.

3.3 Prepare mkimage

You need the mkimage utility to compile a U-Boot source code package. Make sure this utility works well on your host before you start compiling a uImage.
You can install this utility by either commanding "sudo apt-get install u-boot-tools" or following the commands below: 

cd uboot_nanopi2
make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux- tools
sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/sbin && sudo cp -v tools/mkimage /usr/local/sbin

3.4 Compile Linux Kernel

3.4.1 Compile Kernel

  • Download Kernel Source Code
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/linux-3.4.y.git
cd linux-3.4.y
git checkout nanopi2-lollipop-mr1

The NanoPC-T3's kernel source code lies in the "nanopi2-lollipop-mr1" branch.

  • Compile Android Kernel
make nanopi3_android_defconfig
touch .scmversion
make uImage
  • Compile Debian Kernel
make nanopi3_linux_defconfig
touch .scmversion
make uImage

After your compilation succeeds a uImage will be generated in the "arch/arm/boot/uImage" directory. This kernel is for LCD output. You can use it to replace the existing uImage.
If you want to generate a kernel for HDMI output you need to run nanopi3_linux_hdmi_defconfig and do it this way: 

make nanopi3_linux_hdmi_defconfig
touch .scmversion
make menuconfig

After your compilation succeeds a uImage will be generated for HDMI 720P. If you want a uImage for 1080P you can do it this way: 

touch .scmversion
make nanopi3_linux_hdmi_defconfig
make menuconfig
  Device Drivers -->
    Graphics support -->
      Nexell Graphics -->
        [ ] LCD
        [*] HDMI
        (0)   Display In  [0=Display 0, 1=Display 1]
              Resolution (1920 * 1080p)  --->
make uImage

After your compilation succeeds a uImage will be generated for HDMI 1080P. You can use it to replace the existing uImage.hdmi.

  • Compile Kernel for Ubuntu Core

The steps here are nearly the same as the steps for compiling a Debian kernel:
LCD Output: 

make nanopi3_core-qt_defconfig

HDMI Output: 

make nanopi3_core-qt_hdmi_defconfig

Select your configuration file and run the following commands to generate a uImage. 

touch .scmversion
make uImage

3.4.2 Use Your Generated Kernel

  • Update the kernel file in SD card

If you use an SD card to boot Android you can copy your generated uImage file to your SD card's boot section(e.g. section 1 /dev/sdX1).
If you use an SD card to Debian and you generated a uImage for an HDMI monitor you can use that uImage to replace the uImage.hdmi file in the SD card's boot section. If you use an SD card to Debian and you generated a uImage for an LCD you can use that uImage to replace the uImage file in the SD card's boot section.

  • Update Android kernel file in eMMC

If you want to update the kernel file in eMMC you need firstly boot your board, then mount eMMC's boot section, replace the boot section's kernel file with your generated one and reboot your board to make your new kernel run.
If you boot your board from eMMC you can update your kernel file by following the steps below:
1) After Android is loaded mount eMMC's boot section (in our example eMMC's device name was /dev/mmcblk0p1) by using the following commands:

su
mount -t ext4 /dev/block/mmcblk0p1 /mnt/media_rw/sdcard1/

2) Connect your board to a host PC running Ubuntu and copy the uImage file to eMMC's boot section by running the following commands;

adb push uImage /mnt/media_rw/sdcard1/

3) Or you can copy your generated kernel file to an external storage card(e.g. an SD card or a USB drive), connect the storage card to your board the move the file from the card to eMMC's boot section;
4) After update is done type in "reboot" to reload Android. Note don't directly power off and on the board or press the reset button to reboot the board. These two actions will damage your kernel file.

  • Update Debian kernel file in eMMC

If you boot your board from eMMC you can update your kernel file by following the steps below:
1) When Debian is being loaded eMMC's boot section will be automatically mounted(in our example eMMC's device name was /dev/mmcblk0p1). You can use "mount" to verify that;
2) Connect your board to a host PC via Ethernet and copy your generated uImage file via scp/ftp to eMMC's boot section and replace the existing file. If your file is for an LCD use your uImage file to replace the existing uImage. If your file is for an HDMI monitor use your uImage.hdmi file to replace the existing uImage.hdmi file;
3) Or you can copy your generated kernel file to an external storage card(e.g. an SD card or a USB drive), connect the storage card to your board the move the file from the card to eMMC's boot section;
4) After update is done type in "reboot" to reload Debian. Note don't directly power off and on the board or press the reset button to reboot the board. These two actions will damage your kernel file

  • Generate Your boot.img

If you want to generate an image file that can be flashed to eMMC you need to generate a boot.img file and copy it to your installation SD card.
For Android copy the uImage file to Android source code's "device/friendly-arm/nanopi3/boot/" directory and compile this whole Android source code. After your compilation is successful you will get a boot.img file.
For Debian follow the steps below to generate a boot.img file:
1) Download debian_nanopi2 

git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/debian_nanopi2.git

2) Copy the image file for an HDMI monitor and use it to replace the "debian_nanopi2/boot/uImage.hdmi" file and copy the image file for an LCD and use it to replace the "debian_nanopi2/boot/uImage" file;
3) Generate Debian's boot.img 

cd debian_nanopi2
mkdir rootfs
./build.sh

A newly generated boot.img will be under the "debian_nanopi2/sd-fuse_nanopi2/debian" directory.
The "mkdir rootfs" command creates a working directory for the build.sh script to run. It also creates some files such as "rootfs.img" but these files are useless.

3.4.3 Compile Kernel Modules

Android contains kernel modules which are in the "/lib/modules" directory in the system section. If you want to add your own modules to the kernel or you changed your kernel configurations you need to recompile these new modules.
Compile Original Kernel Modules: 

cd linux-3.4.y
make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux- modules

Here we have two new modules and we can compile them by following the commands below: 

cd /opt/FriendlyARM/s5p6818/android
./vendor/friendly-arm/build/common/build-modules.sh

The "/opt/FriendlyARM/s5p6818/android" directory points to the top directory of Android source code. You can get more details by specifying option "-h".
After your compilation succeeds new modules will be generated

3.5 Compile Android

  • Install Cross Compiler

Install 64 bit Ubuntu 16.04 on your host PC. 

sudo apt-get install bison g++-multilib git gperf libxml2-utils make python-networkx zip
sudo apt-get install flex libncurses5-dev zlib1g-dev gawk minicom

For more details refer to https://source.android.com/source/initializing.html 。

  • Download Source Code

You need to use repo to get the Android source code. Refer to https://source.android.com/source/downloading.html 。 

mkdir android && cd android
repo init -u https://github.com/friendlyarm/android_manifest.git -b nanopi3-lollipop-mr1
repo sync

The "android" directory is the working directory.

  • Compile System Package
source build/envsetup.sh
lunch aosp_nanopi3-userdebug
make -j8

After your compilation succeeds an image will be generated in the "out/target/product/nanopi3/" directory.

filename partition Description
boot.img boot -
cache.img cache -
userdata.img userdata -
system.img system -
partmap.txt - partition file
  • Flash Image to SD Card

If you want to boot your board from an SD card you need to copy your generated image file to the "sd-fuse_s5p6818 /android/" directory and flash it to your SD card with our script. For more details refer to # Make an Installation SD Card under Linux Desktop。

  • Flash Image to eMMC

After compiling Android successfully you can flash it to eMMC with either of the following methods:
1) fastboot: right after the NanoPC-T2 is booted from eMMC press any key to enter the uboot commandline mode and type in "fastboot"
Connect your board to a host PC running Ubuntu with a USB cable and run the following commands in the PC's terminal:

cd out/target/product/nanopi3
sudo fastboot flash boot boot.img
sudo fastboot flash cache cache.img
sudo fastboot flash userdata userdata.img
sudo fastboot flash system system.img
sudo fastboot reboot

2) Use an SD Card
Copy these files: boot.img, cache.img, userdata.img, system.img, partmap.txt from the out/target/product/nanopi3 directory to your installation SD card's images/android directory and you can use this SD card to flash Android to eMMC.

4 Connect NanoPC-T3 to External Modules

4.1 Connect NanoPC-T3 to USB Camera(FA-CAM202)

  • In this use case the NanoPC-T3 runs Debian. If you connect your NanoPC-T3 to our LCD or an HDMI monitor after Debain is fully loaded click on "other"-->"xawtv" on the left bottom of the GUI and the USB Camera application will be started. After enter "welcome to xawtv！" click on "OK" to start exploring.

USB camera USB camera-01

4.2 Connect NanoPC-T3 to CMOS 5M-Pixel Camera

For more details about the CAM500A camera refer to [2]

  • If your NanoPC-T3 runs Android5.1 and it is connected to our LCD or an HDMI monitor after Android is fully loaded click on the "Camera" icon and the application will be started. You can take pictures or record videos

CMOS camera

  • Under Debian/Ubuntu a camera utility "nanocams" is available for previewing 40 frames and picture taking. You can try it by following the commands below
sudo nanocams -p 1 -n 40 -c 4 -o IMG001.jpg

For more details about the usage of the nanocams run "nanocams -h". You can get its source code from our git hub: 

git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/nexell_linux_platform.git

4.3 Use OpenCV to Access USB Camera

  • The full name of "OpenCV" is Open Source Computer Vision Library and it is a cross platform vision library.
  • When the NanoPC-T3 runs Debian users can use OpenCV APIs to access a USB Camera device.

1. Here is a guideline on how to use OpenCV with C++ on the NanoPC-T3:

  • Firstly you need to make sure your NanoPC-T3 is connected to the internet.Login to your NanoPC-T3 via a serial terminal or SSH. After login type in your username(root) and password(fa):
  • Run the following commands:


apt-get update
apt-get install libcv-dev libopencv-dev

2. Make sure your USB camera works with the NanoPC-T3. You can test your camera with NanoPC-T3's camera utility.

3. Check your camera device: 

ls /dev/video*
  • Note:in our test case video0 was the device name.

4. OpenCV's code sample(official code in C++) is under /home/fa/Documents/opencv-demo. Compile the code sample with the following commands: 

cd /home/fa/Documents/opencv-demo
make

After it is compiled successfully a "demo" executable will be generated

5. Connect NanoPC-T3 to USB Keyboard & Run the Following Command: 

./demo

opencv is successfully started

4.4 Connect NanoPC-T3 to Matrix GPS Module

  • The Matrix-GPS module is a small GPS module with high performance. It can be used in navigation devices, four-axle drones and etc.
  • The Matrix-GPS module uses serial communication. When the NanoPC-T3 is connected to the Matrix GPS module, after the NanoPC-T3 is powered up type in the following command in a terminal or click on the xgps icon it will be started.
$su - fa -c "DISPLAY=:0 xgps 127.0.0.1:9999"
  • Or on the Debian GUI start the LXTerminal, type in "xgps" and enter it will be started too.

For more details about this GPS module refer to Click to check
Refer to the following diagram to connect the NanoPC-T3 to the Matrix-GPS:
GPS_NanoPC-T2

Connection Details:

Matrix-GPS NanoPC-T3
RXD Pin11
TXD Pin12
5V Pin29
GND Pin30

4.5 Connect NanoPC-T3 to FriendlyARM LCD Modules

  • Android

Here are the LCDs that are supported under Android:S430, S700/S701, S702, HD700, HD702, HD101 and X710 all of which are LCDs with capacitive touch.

  • Debian

Here are the LCDs that are supported under Debian:S430, S700/S701, S702, HD700, HD702, HD101 and X710 all of which are LCDs with capacitive touch;
W35B, H43, P43, S70D and Matrix 2.8" SPI Key TFT LCD all of which are LCDs with resistive touch
All these LCD's tech details can be obtained on our wiki site:LCDModules

5 Android Hardware Access

FriendlyElec developed a library called “libfriendlyarm-hardware.so”, for android developer to access the hardware resources on the development board in their android apps, the library is based on Android NDK.
Accessible Modules：

  • Serial Port
  • PWM
  • EEPROM
  • ADC
  • LED
  • LCD 1602 (I2C)
  • OLED (SPI)

Accessible Ports：

  • GPIO
  • Serial Port
  • I2C
  • SPI

Please refer to the following url for details：

6 Source Code and Image Files Download Links

  • Image File:[3]
  • Source Code:[4]
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