Difference between revisions of "NanoPi R2S"

Revision as of 10:22, 25 May 2021

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1 Introduction

Overview

Front

Back

Case

• The NanoPi R2S(as "R2S") is an open source platform with dual-Gbps Ethernet ports designed and developed by FriendlyElec for IoT applications.
• The NanoPi R2S uses the RK3328 SoC. It has two Gbps Ethernet ports and 1G DDR4 RAM. FriendlyElec ported an OpenWrt system for it. It works with Docker CE. It is a good platform for developing IoT applications, NAS applications, smart home gateways etc.

2 Hardware Spec

• CPU: Rockchip RK3328, Quad-core Cortex-A53
• DDR4 RAM: 1GB
• Network：
  • Internal 10/100/1000M Ethernet Port x 1
  • USB3.0 converted 10/100/1000M Ethernet Port x 1
    
• USB2.0 Host: Type-A x1
• MicroSD Slot x 1
• MicroUSB: power input and USB Slave
• Debug Serial Port: 3.3V TTL, 3-pin 2.54mm pitch connector, 1500000 bauds
• LED: LED x 3
• KEY: KEY x 1 programmable
• PC Size: 55.6 x 52mm
• Power Supply: DC 5V/2A
• Temperature measuring range: 0℃ to 80℃
• OS/Software: U-boot，Ubuntu-Core，OpenWrt
  

• Network Transmission Rates

	TX	RX
WAN	941 Mbps	941 Mbps
LAN	941 Mbps	941 Mbps
Notes：	1. test utility: iperf 2. use indepedent IP address section and test with a PC in simplex communication mode

3 Diagram, Layout and Dimension

3.1 Layout

• GPIO 24-Pin Spec

Pin#	Name	Linux gpio	Pin#	Name	Linux gpio
1	SYS_3.3V		2	VDD_5V
3	I2C0_SDA / GPIO2_D1	89	4	VDD_5V
5	I2C0_SCL / GPIO2_D0	88	6	GND
7	GPIO2_A2 / IR_RX	66	8	UART1_TX / GPIO3_A4	100
9	GND		10	UART1_RX / GPIOG3_A6	102

For more details refer to:NanoPi_R2S_V1.0_1912-Schematic.pdf

Dimensional Diagram：NanoPi R2S PCB file in dxf format

4 Get Started

4.1 Essentials You Need

Before starting to use your NanoPi R2S get the following items ready

• NanoPi R2S
• MicroSD Card/TF Card: Class 10 or Above, minimum 8GB SDHC
• MicroUSB 5V/2A power adapter
• A host computer running Ubuntu 16.04 64-bit system

4.2 TF Cards We Tested

To make your NanoPi R2S boot and run fast we highly recommend you use a Class10 8GB SDHC TF card or a better one. The following cards are what we used in all our test cases presented here:

• SanDisk TF 8G Class10 Micro/SD High Speed TF card:

• SanDisk TF128G MicroSDXC TF 128G Class10 48MB/S:

• 川宇 8G C10 High Speed class10 micro SD card:

4.3 Install OS

4.3.1 Download Image Files

Go to download link to download the image files under the officail-ROMs directory and the flashing utility under the tools directory:

Image Files:
rk3328-sd-friendlycore-bionic-5.4-arm64-YYYYMMDD.img.zip	Based on UbuntuCore 18.04 and Linux-5.4.12 Kernel
rk3328-sd-friendlywrt-5.10-YYYYMMDD.img.zip	Based on OpenWrt and Linux-5.10 Kernel
Flashing Utility:
win32diskimager.rar	Windows utility. Under Linux users can use "dd"

4.3.2 Linux

4.3.2.1 Flash to TF

• FriendlyCore / Debian / Ubuntu / OpenWrt / DietPi are all based on a same Linux distribution and their installation methods are the same.
• Extract the Linux image and win32diskimager.rar files. Insert a TF card(at least 8G) into a Windows PC and run the win32diskimager utility as administrator. On the utility's main window select your TF card's drive, the wanted image file and click on "write" to start flashing the TF card.

After it is installed you will see the following window:

• Insert this card into your board's BOOT slot and power on (with a 5V/2A power source). If the PWR LED is on and the STAT LED is blinking this indicates your board has successfully booted.
  ;

5 Work with FriendlyWrt

5.1 Introduction to FriendlyWrt

FriendlyWrt is a customized system made by FriendlyElec based on an OpenWrt distribution. It is open source and well suitable for developing IoT applications, NAS applications etc.

5.2 First boot

For the first boot, the system needs to do the following initialization work：
1）Extended root file system
2）Initial setup（will execute /root/setup.sh)
So you need to wait for a while (about 2~3 minutes) to boot up for the first time, and then set FriendlyWrt, you can enter the ttyd terminal on the openwrt webpage, when the prompt is displayed as root@FriendlyWrt, it means the system has been initialized.

root@FriendlyWrt

5.3 Account & Password

The default password is password (empty password in some versions). Please set or change a safer password for web login and ssh login. It is recommended to complete this setting before connecting NanoPi-R2S to the Internet.

5.4 Network Connection

Use a network cable to connect NanoPi-R2S's WAN to a master router and the board will get an IP address via DHCP. Login into the router and check NanoPi-R2S's IP address.

5.5 Login FriendlyWrt

Connect the PC to the LAN port of NanoPi-R2S. If your PC without a built-in ethernet port, connect the LAN port of the wireless AP to the LAN port of NanoPi-R2S, and then connect your PC to the wireless AP via WiFi , Enter the following URL on your PC's browser to access the admin page:

• http://friendlywrt/
• http://192.168.2.1/
• http://[fd00:ab:cd::1]

The above is the LAN port address of NanoPi-R2S. The IP address of the WAN port will be dynamically obtained from your main router through DHCP.

5.6 Recommended security settings

The following settings are highly recommended to complete before connecting NanoPi-R2S to the Internet。

• Set a secure password
• Only allow access to ssh from lan, change the port

5.7 Safe shutdown operation

Enter the ttyd terminal, enter the poweroff command and hit enter, wait until the led light is off, and then unplug the power supply.

5.8 Install Software Packages

5.8.1 Update Package List

Before install software packages update the package list:

$ opkg update

5.8.2 List Available Packages

$ opkg list

5.8.3 List Installed Packages

$ opkg list-installed

5.8.4 Install Packages

$ opkg install <package names>

5.8.5 Remove Packages

$ opkg remove <package names>

5.9 Disable IPv6

sed -i -e "s/DISABLE_IPV6=0/DISABLE_IPV6=1/g" /root/setup.sh
rm -rf /etc/board.json /etc/config/system /etc/config/network /etc/config/wireless /etc/firstboot_* /root/.friendlyelec
reboot

5.10 Configure the function of the user button

By default, the user button is configured to reboot the device, as shown below:

echo 'BTN_1 1 /sbin/reboot' >> /etc/triggerhappy/triggers.d/example.conf

You can change its behavior by changing the configuration file above.

5.11 Some common issues of FriendlyWrt

• Unable to dial up
  • Go to "Network" -> "Firewall" and set "Inbound Data", "Outbound Data" and "Forwarding" in "WAN Zone" to "Accept";
  • If you still cannot access the Internet, you can try to turn off IPV6;
• Unable to power on
  • Try to replace the power adapter and cable. It is recommended to use a power supply with specifications above 5V/2A;
  • Note that some fast chargers with Type-C interface will have a delay, it may take a few seconds to start providing power;
• When doing secondary routing, the computer cannot connect to the Internet
  • If your main network is IPv4, and NanoPi-R2S works in IPv6, the computer may not be able to connect to the Internet. It is recommended to turn off IPv6 (the method is described later in this WiKi), or switch the main route to IPv6;
• If you have questions or have better suggestions, please send an email to techsupport@friendlyarm.com;

5.12 Let FriendlyWrt regenerate network settings

This method will trigger FriendlyWrt to re-identify the hardware model and generate the network configuration under /etc/config, which is similar but not completely equivalent to restoring factory settings:

rm -rf /etc/board.json /etc/config/system /etc/config/network /etc/config/wireless /etc/firstboot_* /root/.friendlyelec
reboot

The /root/setup.sh initialization script will be executed again at the next boot, so you can debug the /root/setup.sh script through this method.

5.13 Use USB2LCD to view IP and temperature

Plug the USB2LCD module to the USB interface ofNanoPi-R2S and power on, the IP address and CPU temperature will be displayed on the LCD:

5.14 Work with USB WiFi Device

5.14.1 Check USB WiFi Device with Command Line Utility

(1) Click on "services>ttyd" to start the command line utility

(2) Make sure no USB devices are connected to your board and run the following command to check if any USB devices are connected or not

lsusb

(3) Connect a USB WiFi device to the board and run the command again

lsusb

You will see a new device is detected. In our test the device's ID was 0BDA:C811

(4) Type your device's ID (in our case it was "0BDA:C811" or "VID_0BDA&PID_C811") in a search engine and you may find a device that matches the ID. In our case the device we got was Realtek 8811CU.

5.14.2 Configure a USB WiFi Device as AP

(1) Connect a USB WiFi device to the NanoPi-R2S. We recommend you to use the following devices:

Note: devices that match these VID&PIDs would most likely work.
(2) Click on "System>Reboot" and reboot your NanoPi-R2S



(3) Click on "Network>Wireless" to enter the WiFi configuration page

(4) Click on "Edit" to edit the configuration

(5) On the "Interface Configuration" page you can set the WiFi mode and SSID, and then go to "Wireless Security" to change the password. By default the password is "password". After you make your changes click on "Save" to save



(6) After you change the settings you can use a smartphone or PC to search for WiFi

5.14.3 Common USB WiFi issues

1) It is recommended to plug in the usb wifi in the off state, then power it on, FriendlyWrt will automatically generate the configuration file /etc/config/wireless, if not, see if there is wlan0 by ifconfig -a, if there is no wlan0, usually there is no driver.
2) If ifconfig -a sees wlan0, but the hotspot is not working properly, try changing the channel and country code, an inappropriate country code can also cause the WiFi to not work.
3) Some USB WiFis (e.g. MTK MT7662) work in CD-ROM mode by default and need to be switched by usb_modeswitch, you can try to add usb_modeswitch configuration to the following directory: /etc/usb_modeswitch.d.

5.15 Work with Docker Applications

5.15.1 Work with Docker: Install JellyFin

mkdir -p /jellyfin/config
mkdir -p /jellyfin/videos
docker run --restart=always -d -p 8096:8096 -v /jellyfin/config:/config -v /jellyfin/videos:/videos jellyfin/jellyfin:10.1.0-arm64 -name myjellyfin

After installation, visit port 8096 and here is what you would find:

5.15.2 Work with Docker: Install Personal Nextcloud

mkdir /nextcloud -p
docker run -d -p 8888:80  --name nextcloud  -v /nextcloud/:/var/www/html/ --restart=always --privileged=true  arm64v8/nextcloud

After installtion, visit port 8888.

5.16 Mount smbfs

mount -t cifs //192.168.1.10/shared /movie -o username=xxx,password=yyy,file_mode=0644

5.17 Use sdk to compile the package

5.17.1 Install the compilation environment

Download and run the following script on 64-bit Ubuntu (version 18.04+): How to setup the Compiling Environment on Ubuntu bionic

5.17.2 Download and decompress sdk from the network disk

The sdk is located in the toolchain directory of the network disk:

tar xvf ~/dvd/RK3328/toolchain/friendlywrt/openwrt-sdk-19.07.5-rockchip-rk3328_gcc-7.5.0_musl.Linux-x86_64.tar.xz
# If the path is too long, it will cause some package compilation errors, so change the directory name here
mv openwrt-sdk-19.07.5-rockchip-rk3328_gcc-7.5.0_musl.Linux-x86_64 sdk
cd sdk
./scripts/feeds update -a
./scripts/feeds install -a

5.17.3 Compile the package

download the source code of the example (a total of 3 examples are example1, example2, example3), and copy to the package directory:

git clone https://github.com/mwarning/openwrt-examples.git
cp -rf openwrt-examples/example* package/
rm -rf openwrt-examples/

Then enter the configuration menu through the following command:

make menuconfig

In the menu, select the following packages we want to compile (actually selected by default):

"Utilities" => "example1"
"Utilities" => "example3"
"Network" => "VPN" => "example2"

execute the following commands to compile the three software packages:

make package/example1/compile V=99
make package/example2/compile V=99
make package/example3/compile V=99

After the compilation is successful, you can find the ipk file in the bin directory, as shown below:

$ find ./bin -name example*.ipk
./bin/packages/aarch64_cortex-a53/base/example2_0.1-1_aarch64_cortex-a53.ipk
./bin/packages/aarch64_cortex-a53/base/example3_0.1-1_aarch64_cortex-a53.ipk
./bin/packages/aarch64_cortex-a53/base/example1_0.1-1_aarch64_cortex-a53.ipk

5.17.4 Install the ipk to NanoPi

You can use the scp command to upload the ipk file to NanoPi:

cd ./bin/packages/aarch64_cortex-a53/base/
scp example*.ipk root@192.168.2.1:/root/

Then use the opkg command to install them:

cd /root/
opkg install example2_0.1-1_aarch64_cortex-a53.ipk
opkg install example3_0.1-1_aarch64_cortex-a53.ipk
opkg install example1_0.1-1_aarch64_cortex-a53.ipk

5.18 Compile u-boot,kernel or friendlywrt

• Refer to：
  • sd-fuse_rk3328
  • How to Build FriendlyWrt

5.19 Serial port debug

Connect to NanoPi R2S with screen :

screen /dev/ttyUSB0 1500000 8N1

6 Compile FriendlyWrt

6.1 Download Code

mkdir friendlywrt-rk3328
cd friendlywrt-rk3328
repo init -u https://github.com/friendlyarm/friendlywrt_manifests -b master-v19.07.1 -m rk3328.xml --repo-url=https://github.com/friendlyarm/repo  --no-clone-bundle
repo sync -c  --no-clone-bundle

6.2 1-key Compile

./build.sh nanopi_r2.mk

All the components (including u-boot, kernel, and friendlywrt) are compiled and the sd card image will be generated.

7 Work with FriendlyCore

7.1 FriendlyCore User Account

• Non-root User:

   User Name: pi
   Password: pi

• Root:

   User Name: root
   Password: fa

7.2 Update Software Packages

$ sudo apt-get update

7.3 Setup Network Configurations

7.3.1 Set static IP address

By default "eth0" is assigned an IP address obtained via dhcp. If you want to change the setting you need to change the following file:

vi /etc/network/interfaces.d/eth0

For example if you want to assign a static IP to it you can run the following commands:

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
    address 192.168.1.231
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    gateway 192.168.1.1

7.3.2 Set a DNS

You also need to modify the following file to add the DNS configuration:

vi /etc/systemd/resolved.conf

For example, set to 192.168.1.1:

[Resolve]
DNS=192.168.1.1

Restart the systemd-resolved service with the following command:

sudo systemctl restart systemd-resolved.service
sudo systemctl enable systemd-resolved.service

7.3.3 Set up to use another network interface

To change the setting of "eth1" you can add a new file similar to eth0's configuration file under the /etc/network/interfaces.d/ directory.

7.4 Setup Wi-Fi

First, use the following command to check if Network-Manager is installed on your system:

which nmcli

If you have installed it, refer to this link to connect to WiFi: Use NetworkManager to configure network settings, If you do not have Network-Manager installed on your system, please refer to the following method to configure WiFi,
By default the WiFi device is "wlan0". You need to create a configuration file under "/etc/network/interfaces.d/" for WiFi:

vi /etc/network/interfaces.d/wlan0

Here is a sample wlan0 file:

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
wpa-driver wext
wpa-ssid YourWiFiESSID
wpa-ap-scan 1
wpa-proto RSN
wpa-pairwise CCMP
wpa-group CCMP
wpa-key-mgmt WPA-PSK
wpa-psk YourWiFiPassword

Please replace "YourWiFiESSID" and "YourWiFiPassword" with your WiFiESSID and password. After save and close the file you can connect to your WiFi source by running the following command:

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart networking

After you power on your board it will automatically connect to your WiFi source.
Please note that if you use one TF card to boot multiple boards the WiFi device name will likely be named to "wlan1", "wlan2" and etc. You can reset it to "wlan0" by deleting the contents of the following file and reboot your board: /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules

7.4.1 WiFi models supported

7.4.1.1 M.2 WiFi Module

• RTL8822CE

7.4.1.2 Usb Dongle

• RTL8821CU (Vid: 0BDA, Pid: C811) (Test sample:TP-Link TL-WDN5200H)
• RTL8812AU (Vid: 0BDA, Pid: 8812)
• MediaTek MT7662 (Vid: 0E8D, Pid: 7612) (Test sample:COMFAST CF-WU782AC V2)

7.5 Install the kernel-header package

sudo dpkg -i /opt/linux-headers-*.deb

7.6 Build kernel-header deb package

Please refre to: https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/blob/master/test/test-build-kernel-header-deb.sh

7.7 Config status LEDs

First determine whether the system already exists the leds initialization service:

sudo systemctl status leds

If the leds service already exists, change the default behavior of the LEDs by editing the following file:

/etc/init.d/leds.sh

Since there is no leds service in the early firmware, you need to refer to the following guide to manually configure the LEDs. First, set the following kernel modules to be automatically loaded at boot:

modprobe ledtrig-netdev
echo ledtrig-netdev > /etc/modules-load.d/ledtrig-netdev.conf

Put the following into the autorun script to associate the status leds with the ethernet interface, and you can configure it to behave in other ways by referring to these content:

echo netdev > /sys/class/leds/wan_led/trigger
echo eth0 > /sys/class/leds/wan_led/device_name
echo 1 > /sys/class/leds/wan_led/link
 
echo netdev > /sys/class/leds/lan_led/trigger
echo eth1 > /sys/class/leds/lan_led/device_name
echo 1 > /sys/class/leds/lan_led/link

8 Make Your Own OS Image

• Please refre this link：
  • sd-fuse_rk3328

9 More OS Support

9.1 DietPi

DietPi is a highly optimised & minimal Debian-based Linux distribution. DietPi is extremely lightweight at its core, and also extremely easy to install and use.
Setting up a single board computer (SBC) or even a computer, for both regular or server use, takes time and skill. DietPi provides an easy way to install and run favourite software you choose.
For more information, please visit this link https://dietpi.com/docs/.

DietPi supports many of the NanoPi board series, you may download the image file from here:

• https://dietpi.com/docs/hardware/#nanopi-series-friendlyarm
  

10 Resources

10.1 Datasheets and Schematics

• Schematics
  • NanoPi_R2S_V1.0_1912-Schematic.pdf

• PCB Dimensional Diagram
  • NanoPi_R2S_V1.0_1912 PCB file in dxf format
• Datasheet
  • RK3328 Datasheet Rockchip_RK3328_Datasheet.pdf

11 Update Logs

11.1 2024-04-21

11.1.1 OpenMediaVault

• Update to 7.0.5-1
• Update to Debian12

11.2 2024-01-31

11.2.1 Debian/Ubuntu/FriendlyCore/Buildroot

• Add adb support

11.3 2023-12-01

11.3.1 FriendlyWrt

• Update to kernel 6.1.63
• Update to openwrt-23.05.2

11.4 2023-10-31

11.4.1 Add a new system

• Add NAS system OpenMediaVault, base on Debian 11 with kernel 6.1

11.4.2 Debian Core/FriendlyCore-Lite-Core

• Update to kernel 6.1

11.4.3 FriendlyWrt

• Update to kernel 6.1
• Update to openwrt-23.05

11.5 2023-05-29

11.5.1 Debian11 Core

• Fixed the issue that R2C Plus cannot boot

11.6 2023-05-26

11.6.1 FriendlyWrt

• Updated v22.03 to openwrt-22.03.5
• Updated v21.02 to openwrt-21.02.7

11.7 2023-04-26

11.7.1 FriendlyWrt：

• Upgrade v22.03 to openwrt-22.03.4
• Upgrade v21.02 to openwrt-21.02.6

11.8 2023-02-10

• Added Debian11 Core

11.9 2023-01-09

11.9.1 FriendlyCore：

• optimized the systemd service

11.10 2022-12-04

11.10.1 FriendlyWrt：

• Fix the issue that the storage space cannot be expanded
• Improve stability of the eMMC Tools

11.11 2022-09-06

11.11.1 FriendlyWrt：

• Added Fullcone NAT support
• upgrade to 22.03.0

11.12 2022-08-03

11.12.1 FriendlyWrt：

• Upgrade FriendlyWrt to the latest version 22.03-rc6

11.13 2022-08-01

11.13.1 FriendlyWrt：

• Firewall settings adjustment: single-port devices (e.g. NEO3) are set to allow WAN inbound traffic by default for easy web configuration, while multi-port devices are still denied WAN inbound traffic by default

11.14 2022-07-27

11.14.1 FriendlyWrt:

• Both docker and non-docker versions are available, all features are the same except for docker.
• Beta version 22.03-rc3 is available, you can choose according to your package requirements, stable version 21.02.3 is recommended.
• Improved compatibility issues with third-party packages
• Added support for "Soft Factory Reset" function
• Added web-based tool eMMC-Tools, support install FriendlyElec and some third party firmware to eMMC, besides raw-image also support rockchip package format firmware
• Other details: default timezone setting to Shanghai, new NAS category menu, remove lcd2usb, improve security settings, tune sysctl parameters, fix docker firewall settings, etc.

11.15 2021-12-02

• Improved the compatibility of the FriendlyWrt software package installation
• Fixed the issue that some sd cards would cause the reboot command to not respond (updated the 5.10 kernel)
• Configure the USB header on NanoPi-NEO3 to host mode by default

11.16 2021-10-29

11.16.1 FriendlyWrt：

• FriendlyWrt has been updated to the official stable version 21.02.1, features are basically the same as 19.07.5, support docker, usb wifi, etc.

11.17 2021-08-30

11.17.1 FriendlyWrt：

• Upgraded kernel to 5.10.60
• Add a high-speed 5G USB WiFi support, the network card model is Comfast CF-WU782AC V2, the chip model is MediaTek MT7662
• Improved USB WiFi compatibility
• Improved stability on first boot (previous version, bpfilter error occurred in some cases on first boot)

11.17.2 FriendlyCore：

• upgraded kernel to 5.10.60

11.18 2021-03-05

• Upgrade FriendlyCore to 20.04 (base on ubuntu focal)

11.19 2021-01-15

• upgraded kernel to 5.10
• upgraded friendlywrt to 19.07.5

11.20 2020-09-04

• Improved the stability of the usb3.0 driver (integrated with official Rockchip updates) and the stability of the r8153 ethernet card
• Update the driver of the 8153 ethernet card, using mainline kernel's version, the version is v1.11.11
• Enable serial port UART1 for R2S and NEO3

11.21 2020-08-31

• Kernel updated to 5.4.61
• Use the driver r8152-2.13.0 downloaded from Realtek official website (https://www.realtek.com/en/downloads)
• Improve the USB network card driver, WLAN<->LAN bridge speed can reach 700/500 Mbits/sec
• Add rockhip rng (hardware random number) driver

11.22 2020-07-10

11.22.1 FriendlyWrt

• upgraded kernel to 5.4.50
  
• added support for NanoPi-NEO3
  

11.23 2020-05-14

11.23.1 FriendlyWrt

• upgraded kernel to 5.4.40，fixed bpfilter issue
  
• added new usb wifi（rtl8812au）
  
• fixed overlayfs issue
  

11.24 2020-02-25

11.24.1 FriendlyWrt

11.24.1.1 update to v19.07.1，please use branch master-v19.07.1：

mkdir friendlywrt-rk3328
cd friendlywrt-rk3328
repo init -u https://github.com/friendlyarm/friendlywrt_manifests -b master-v19.07.1 -m rk3328.xml --repo-url=https://github.com/friendlyarm/repo --no-clone-bundle
repo sync -c --no-clone-bundle

11.24.1.2 fixed some issues：

• fixed bpfilter module issue
  
• updated feeds to the latest commit
  
• removed modemmanager and mwan3 plugins
  
• adjusted cpu scaling governor, optimized startup speed
  

11.25 2020-02-20

11.25.1 FriendlyWrt

• Optimized openssl performance
  
• Added support for PWM fan, support fan speed control (platform: rk33xx)
  

11.26 2020-01-18

Initial Release