Difference between revisions of "NanoPC-T4"

Revision as of 01:52, 6 June 2018

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1 Introduction

Overview

Front

Back

• The NanoPC-T4 is by far the smallest RK3399 based high-performance ARM board with popular ports and interfaces. Its software is fully open source. It is as small as 100 x 64 mm. It has 4GB LPDDR3 RAM, 16GB eMMC flash, onboard 2.4G & 5G dual-band WiFi module and a full standard M.2 PCIe interface which supports an NVME SSD high-speed hard drive. The NanoPC-T4 supports GPU and VPU acceleration and works with Android 7.1 and Lubuntu Desktop.

• The NanoPC-T4 has a MIPI-CSI dual camera interface, a MIPI-DSI and an eDP display interfaces, and an HDMI 2.0 interface. It has Type-C/DP, USB 3.0, USB2.0, MicroSD, Gbps Ethernet port, 3.5mm audio jack, infrared receiver, AD input, serial debug interface and a 40Pin RPi compatible connector.

• The RK3399 SoC has an internal Mali-T860 GPU which has powerful capabilities of processing 3D and HD H.265/H2.64 video streams. It supports dual camera inputs, dual ISP interface capable of doing image processing up to 13MPix/s. The NanoPC-T4 is a perfect platform for AI and deep learning applications. It can be widely used in advertisement machines, game machines, video conference applications, surveillance systems, clusters, VR/AR applications, machine vision applications and etc.

2 Hardware Spec

• SoC: Rockchip RK3399
  • CPU: big.LITTLE，Dual-Core Cortex-A72(up to 2.0GHz) + Quad-Core Cortex-A53(up to 1.5GHz)
  • GPU: Mali-T864 GPU，supports OpenGL ES1.1/2.0/3.0/3.1, OpenVG1.1, OpenCL, DX11, and AFBC
  • VPU: 4K VP9 and 4K 10bits H265/H264 60fps decoding, Dual VOP, etc
• PMU: RK808-D PMIC, cooperated with independent DC/DC, enabling DVFS, solfware power-down, RTC wake-up, system sleep mode
• RAM: Dual-Channel 4GB LPDDR3-1866
• Flash: 16GB eMMC 5.1 Flash
• Ethernet: Native Gigabit Ethernet
• Wi-Fi/BT: 802.11a/b/g/n/ac, Bluetooth 4.1, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth combo module, dual antenna interface
• Video Input: one or two 4-Lane MIPI-CSI, dual ISP, up to 13MPix/s，supports simultaneous input of dual camera data
• Video output
  • HDMI: HDMI 2.0a, supports 4K@60Hz，HDCP 1.4/2.2
  • DP on Type-C: DisplayPort 1.2 Alt Mode on USB Type-C
  • LCD Interface: one eDP 1.3（4-Lane，10.8Gbps）, one or two 4-Lane MIPI-DSI
• Audio Out: 3.5mm Dual channel headphone jack, or HDMI
• Audio In: Onboard microphone
• USB 2.0: 2 independent native USB 2.0 Host A interfaces
• USB 3.0: 1 native USB 3.0 Host A type interface
• USB Type-C: Supports USB3.0 Type-C and DisplayPort 1.2 Alt Mode on USB Type-C
• PCIe: One M.2 M-Key PCIe x4 socket, compatible with PCIe 2.1, Dual operation mode; Onboard M3 PCB nut for mounting M.2 2280 module
• microSD Slot x 1
• 40Pin GPIO Extension ports:
  • 1 X 3V/1.8V I2C, up to 2 x 3V UART, 1 X 3V SPI, 1 x SPDIF_TX, up to 8 x 3V GPIOs
  • 1 x 1.8V I2S, 3 x 1.8V GPIOs
• ADC: 3 x 1.8V ADC inputs, 5 Pin 2.54mm header
• Debug: one Debug UART, 4 Pin 2.54mm header, 3V level, 1500000bps
• Keys: PowerKey, Reset, MASKROM(BOOT), Recovery
• LED: 1 x power LED and 1 x GPIO Controlled LED
• IR reciver: Onboard IR reciver, Acceptes 38KHz carrier frequency
• RTC Battery: 2 Pin 1.27/1.25mm RTC battery input connector
• Cooling: two 2.5mm PCB nuts for mounting heat sink; 3 Pin 12V cooling fan interface with PWM
• Power supply: DC 12V/2A
• PCB: Ten Layer, 100 mm x 64 mm
• Ambient Operating Temperature: 0℃ to 80℃

3 Software Features

4 Diagram, Layout and Dimension

4.1 Layout

NanoPC-T4 Layout

• 40 Pin GPIO Pin Spec

Pin#	Assignment	Pin#	Assignment
1	VCC3V3_SYS	2	VCC5V0_SYS
3	I2C2_SDA(3V)	4	VCC5V0_SYS
5	I2C2_SCL(3V)	6	GND
7	GPIO1_A0(3V)	8	UART2B_TX(3V)
9	GND	10	UART2B_RX(3V)
11	GPIO1_A1(3V)	12	GPIO1_C2(3V)
13	GPIO1_A3(3V)	14	GND
15	GPIO1_A4(3V)	16	GPIO1_C6(3V)
17	VCC3V3_SYS	18	GPIO1_C7(3V)
19	SPI1_TXD/UART4_TX(3V)	20	GND
21	SPI1_RXD/UART4_RX(3V)	22	GPIO1_D0(3V)
23	SPI1_CLK(3V)	24	SPI1_CSn0(3V)
25	GND	26	GPIO4_C5/SPDIF_TX(3V)
27	I2C2_SDA(1.8V)	28	I2C2_SCL(1.8V)
29	I2S1_LRCK_RX(1.8V)	30	GND
31	I2S1_LRCK_TX(1.8V)	32	I2S_CLK(1.8V)
33	I2S1_SCLK(1.8V)	34	GND
35	I2S1_SDI0(1.8V)	36	I2S1_SDO0(1.8V)
37	GPIO3_D4(1.8V)	38	GPIO3_D5(1.8V)
39	GND	40	GPIO3_D6(1.8V)

• eDP Interface Pin Spec

Connector P/N: I-PEX-20455-030E

Pin#	Assignment	Description
1	GND	Signal ground
2	EDP_TX3N	eDP data lane 3 negative output
3	EDP_TX3P	eDP data lane 3 positive output
4	GND	Signal ground
5	EDP_TX2N	eDP data lane 2 negative output
6	EDP_TX2P	eDP data lane 2 positive output
7	GND	Signal ground
8	EDP_TX1N	eDP data lane 1 negative output
9	EDP_TX1P	eDP data lane 1 positive output
10	GND	Signal ground
11	EDP_TX0N	eDP data lane 0 negative output
12	EDP_TX0P	eDP data lane 0 positive output
13	GND	Signal ground
14	EDPAUXP	eDP CH-AUX positive differential output
15	EDPAUXN	eDP CH-AUX negative differential output
16	GND	Signal ground
17	VCC3V3_SYS	3.3V Power output for logic
18	VCC3V3_SYS	3.3V Power output for logic
19	I2C4_SDA	3V I2C data signal, Connect to touch panel
20	I2C4_SCL	3V I2C clock signal, Connect to touch panel
21	GPIO1_C4_TP_INT	3V interrupt input, Connect to the interrupt output of touch panel
22	GPIO1_B5_TP_RST	3V output for reseting touch panel, Connect to the reset input of touch panel
23	PWM0_BL	3V PWM output, for LCD backlight dimming
24	GPIO4_D5_LCD_BL_EN	3V output for turning on/off the LCD backlight
25	GND	Backlight ground
26	GND	Backlight ground
27	GND	Backlight ground
28	VCC12V0_SYS	12V Power output for Backlight Power
29	VCC12V0_SYS	12V Power output for Backlight Power
30	VCC12V0_SYS	12V Power output for Backlight Power

• MIPI-DSI Interface Pin Spec

0.5mm FPC connector

Pin#	Assignment	Description
1, 2, 3	VCC5V0_SYS	5V power output
4	GND	Return current path
5	I2C4_SDA	3V I2C data signal, Connect to touch panel
6	I2C4_SCL	3V I2C clock signal, Connect to touch panel
7	GND	Return current path
8	GPIO1_C4_TP_INT	3V interrupt input, Connect to the interrupt output of touch panel
9	GND	Return current path
10	PWM0_BL	3V PWM output, for LCD backlight dimming
11	GND	Return current path
12	GPIO4_D5_LCD_BL_EN	3V output for turning on/off the LCD backlight
13	GPIO4_D6_LCD_RST_H	3V output for reseting the LCD module
14	GPIO1_B5_TP_RST	3V output for reseting touch panel, Connect to the reset input of touch panel
15	GND	Return current path
16	MIPI_TX0_D3N	MIPI DSI negative differential data line transceiver output
17	MIPI_TX0_D3P	MIPI DSI positive differential data line transceiver output
18	GND	Return current path
19	MIPI_TX0_D2N	MIPI DSI negative differential data line transceiver output
20	MIPI_TX0_D2P	MIPI DSI positive differential data line transceiver output
21	GND	Return current path
22	MIPI_TX0_D1N	MIPI DSI negative differential data line transceiver output
23	MIPI_TX0_D1P	MIPI DSI positive differential data line transceiver output
24	GND	Return current path
25	MIPI_TX0_D0N	MIPI DSI negative differential data line transceiver output
26	MIPI_TX0_D0P	MIPI DSI positive differential data line transceiver output
27	GND	Return current path
28	MIPI_TX0_CLKN	MIPI DSI negative differential clock line transceiver output
29	MIPI_TX0_CLKP	MIPI DSI positive differential clock line transceiver output
30	GND	Return current path

• MIPI-CSI Interface Pin Spec

0.5mm FPC Connector

MIPI-CSI2 can be configured to MIPI-DSI

Pin#	MIPI-CSI1	MIPI-CSI2	Description
1	VCC5V0_SYS	VCC5V0_SYS	5V Power ouput
2	VCC5V0_SYS	VCC5V0_SYS	5V Power ouput
3	GND	GND	Return current path
4	VCC_CSI_AF2.8V	VCC_CSI_AF2.8V	2.8V Power for VCM
5	VCC_CSI_1.2V	VCC_CSI_1.2V	1.2V Power for image sensor core circuit
6	VCC1V8_CAM	VCC1V8_CAM	1.8V power for I/O circuit
7	VCC_CSI_2.8V	VCC_CSI_2.8V	2.8V power for image sensor analog circuit
8	VCC_CSI_1.0V	VCC_CSI_1.0V	1.0V Power for image sensor core circuit
9	I2C1_SCL	I2C2_SCL	1.8V I2C clock signal
10	I2C1_SDA	I2C2_SDA	1.8V I2C data signal
11	MIPI_CSI0_RST	MIPI_CSI1_RST	reset camera module
12	MIPI_CSI0_PWN	MIPI_CSI1_PWN	Power down camera module
13	GND	GND	Return current path
14	GPIO2_B3_CIF_CLKOUTA	GPIO2_B3_CIF_CLKOUTA	MCLK to camera module
15	GND	GND	Return current path
16	MIPI_RX0_D3P	MIPI_TX1/RX1_D3P	MIPI CSI positive differential data line transceiver output
17	MIPI_RX0_D3N	MIPI_TX1/RX1_D3N	MIPI CSI negative differential data line transceiver output
18	GND	GND	Return current path
19	MIPI_RX0_D2P	MIPI_TX1/RX1_D2P	MIPI CSI positive differential data line transceiver output
20	MIPI_RX0_D2N	MIPI_TX1/RX1_D2N	MIPI CSI negative differential data line transceiver output
21	GND	GND	Return current path
22	MIPI_RX0_D1P	MIPI_TX1/RX1_D1P	MIPI CSI positive differential data line transceiver output
23	MIPI_RX0_D1N	MIPI_TX1/RX1_D1N	MIPI CSI negative differential data line transceiver output
24	GND	GND	Return current path
25	MIPI_RX0_CLKP	MIPI_TX1/RX1_CLKP	MIPI CSI positive differential clock line transceiver output
26	MIPI_RX0_CLKN	MIPI_TX1/RX1_CLKN	MIPI CSI negative differential clock line transceiver output
27	GND	GND	Return current path
28	MIPI_RX0_D0P	MIPI_TX1/RX1_D0P	MIPI CSI positive differential data line transceiver output
29	MIPI_RX0_D0N	MIPI_TX1/RX1_D0N	MIPI CSI negative differential data line transceiver output
30	GND	GND	Return current path

• M.2 PCIe Pin Spec

PCIe Gen 2.1 x4

M.2 Key M Connector for Socket 2/Socket 3 PCIe-based Module, such as PCIe SSD

Connector P/N: MDT-420-M-01002

Pin#	Assignment	Description	Pin#	Assignment	Description
1	GND	Return current path	2	VCC3V3_SYS	3.3V Power output
3	GND	Return current path	4	VCC3V3_SYS	3.3V Power output
5	PCIE_RX3_N	PCIe differential data input signals	6	N/C	no connection
7	PCIE_RX3_P	PCIe differential data input signals	8	N/C	no connection
9	GND	Return current path	10	N/C	no connection
11	PCIE_TX3N	PCIe differential data output signals	12	VCC3V3_SYS	3.3V Power output
13	PCIE_TX3P	PCIe differential data output signals	14	VCC3V3_SYS	3.3V Power output
15	GND	Return current path	16	VCC3V3_SYS	3.3V Power output
17	PCIE_RX2_N	PCIe differential data input signals	18	VCC3V3_SYS	3.3V Power output
19	PCIE_RX2_P	PCIe differential data input signals	20	N/C	no connection
21	GND	Return current path	22	N/C	no connection
23	PCIE_TX2N	PCIe differential data output signals	24	N/C	no connection
25	PCIE_TX2P	PCIe differential data output signals	26	N/C	no connection
27	GND	Return current path	28	N/C	no connection
29	PCIE_RX1_N	PCIe differential data input signals	30	N/C	no connection
31	PCIE_RX1_P	PCIe differential data input signals	32	N/C	no connection
33	GND	Return current path	34	N/C	no connection
35	PCIE_TX1N	PCIe differential data output signals	36	N/C	no connection
37	PCIE_TX1P	PCIe differential data output signals	38	DEVSLP/NC	internal pull up to VCC3V3_SYS with 10K
39	GND	Return current path	40	I2C2_SCL	1.8V I2C clock signal
41	PCIE_RX0_N	PCIe differential data input signals	42	I2C2_SDA	1.8V I2C data signal
43	PCIE_RX0_P	PCIe differential data input signals	44	GPIO2_A2_PCIE_ALERT#	1.8V GPIO signal
45	GND	Return current path	46	N/C	no connection
47	PCIE_TX0N	PCIe differential data output signals	48	N/C	no connection
49	PCIE_TX0P	PCIe differential data output signals	50	GPIO2_A4_PCIE_RESET#	1.8V GPIO signal
51	GND	Return current path	52	CLKREQ#/NC	internal pull down to GND with 0R
53	PCIE_REF_CLKN	differential reference clock out for PCIe peripheral	54	GPIO2_A3_PCIE_WAKE#	1.8V GPIO signal
55	PCIE_REF_CLKP	differential reference clock out for PCIe peripheral	56	N/C	no connection
57	GND	Return current path	58	N/C	no connection
59	Connector Key	Connector Key	60	Connector Key	Connector Key
60	Connector Key	Connector Key	61	Connector Key	Connector Key
62	Connector Key	Connector Key	63	Connector Key	Connector Key
64	Connector Key	Connector Key	65	Connector Key	Connector Key
66	Connector Key	Connector Key	67	N/C	no connection
68	RTC_CLKO_SOC	1.8V 32.768KHz clock output	69	N/C	no connection
70	VCC3V3_SYS	3.3V Power output	71	GND	Return current path
72	VCC3V3_SYS	3.3V Power output	73	GND	Return current path
74	VCC3V3_SYS	3.3V Power output	75	GND	Return current path

• ADC interface Pin Spec

ADC input rang : 0~1.8V

Pin#	Assignment
1	GND
2	VCC_1V8
3	ADC_IN0
4	ADC_IN2
5	ADC_IN3

• Cooling Fan interface Pin Spec

Connector P/N: BM03B-GHS-TBT

Pin#	Assignment	Description
1	GND	0V
2	12V	12V output ,controlled by GPIO4_C6/PWM1
3	GPIO2_A6_FAN_TACH	connect to tachometer output signal , or float

• Debug UART Pin Spec

3V level signals, 1500000bps

Pin#	Assignment	Description
1	GND	0V
2	VCC5V0_SYS	5V power output
3	UART2DBG_TX	output
4	UART2DBG_RX	intput

• Power Jack

• DC-12V/2A IN, 5.5*2.1mm Power Jack

• Power Key

Plug in 12V power at power jack, then press the Power Key ( > 0.5s ) to boot NanoPC-T4.

• USB Port

USB Type-C port has 2A overcurrent protection.

USB 3.0 port has 2A overcurrent protection.

Two USB 2.0 host port share 2A overcurrent protection.

• BOOT Key

Press BOOT key to prevent the board from eMMC booting, making the board enter MASKROM mode.

• RTC

RTC backup current is 27uA.

Notes

1. The Power Jack is the only power input port. All power pins at other ports are output.
2. How to make T4 start automatically when power is plugged in
3. For more details refer to the document: NanoPC-T4-1802-Schematic.pdf

4.2 Board Dimension

For more details refer to the CAD document: NanoPC-T4_1802_Drawing(dxf).zip

5 Get Started

5.1 Essentials You Need

Before starting to use your NanoPC-T4 get the following items ready

• NanoPC-T4
• Type-C cable
• TF Card: Class 10 or Above, minimum 8GB SDHC
• USB to serial adapter(optinal, for debugging or access from PC host)
• A DC 12V/2A power is a must
• HDMI monitor or LCD
• USB keyboard, mouse and possible a USB hub(or a TTL to serial board)
• A host computer running Ubuntu 14.04 64 bit system or Windows 7

5.2 Debug with Serial Pins

If you want to get T4's boot messages or access T4 remotely you can operate it by using its serial pins.

• Get a USB to serial adapter and connect it to a T4:

Pin#	T4's Serial Pins	USB to Serial Board
1	GND	GND
2	VCC5V0_SYS	NC (Not Connected) Note: if this is a FriendlyElec's Matrix USB2UART you need to turn off the "5V ON/OFF"
3	UART2DBG_TX	RX
4	UART2DBG_RX	TX

• If you connect a USB to Serial adapter to a PC running Linux it will usually be recognized as ttyUSB0. To find out the device name, run the following commands:

 dmesg | grep ttyUSB
 ls -l /dev/ttyUSB*

• On a PC running Linux install and run minicom, and set its configuration as follows(1500000 Bps, 8N1, N)

 sudo apt-get install minicom
 minicom -s

Note: RK3399's debug serial interface's default baud rate is 1500000. Some adapter may not be able to run at this rate. You need to find a working adapter.

5.3 Flash Image to eMMC

As for a RK3399 based ARM board developed by FriendlyELEC there are three ways to flash an image to eMMC:

• Use eflasher to make a bootable SD card and flash an image to eMMC with this card
• Use a Windows' utility "AndroidTool_Release_v2.42" provided by Rockchip to flash an image to eMMC with a Type-C cable
• Use a Linux utility Linux_Upgrade_Tool_1.27 provided by Rockchip to flash an image to eMMC with a Type-C cable

If you are not familiar with the two utilities provided by Rockchip or you don't have a Type-C cable we suggest you try the first method.

5.3.1 Download Image and Utilities

Visit download link to download image files and utilities.

5.3.2 使用eflasher

• 您需要准备一张8G或以上容量的SDHC卡，该卡的已有数据将会被破坏，因此请先对SD卡上的数据进行备份;
• 将固件rk3399-eflasher-YYYYMMDD-full.img.zip及工具win32diskimager下载后分别解压;
• 以管理员身份运行 win32diskimager，在界面上选择你的SD卡盘符，选择你已解压的eflasher系统固件，点击 Write 按钮即可烧写到SD卡;
• 当制作完成 SD 卡后，弹出 SD 卡将它插入NanoPC-T4的microSD卡槽;
• 连接好12V/2A的DC接口电源及HDMI显示设备，长按(1.5秒以上)Power键开机，即可看到板上PWR灯亮，系统将从SD卡启动，稍等片刻(约15秒)后HDMI将显示烧写界面;
• 通过USB鼠标选择系统后，点击Next 即可将系统烧写到eMMC;
• 烧写完成后，轻按Power键关机，PWR灯灭则表示关机完成，弹出SD卡，然后再长按Power开机即可从eMMC启动刚烧写的系统。

5.3.3 使用AndroidTool

• 初次使用时，请先下载DriverAssitant_v4.5.tgz，解压后安装USB驱动;
• 根据自己的需要下载images-for-eflasher下的系统固件并解压，如Android 7的固件文件是android-nougat-images.tgz

 其中固件解压后的文件idbloader.img和info.conf，使用AndroidTool时可忽略。

• 下载AndroidTool_Release_v2.42.7z 并解压，以管理员身份运行AndroidTool.exe
• 可根据Android开发工具手册.pdf，导入分区配置即固件中的parameter.txt，然后指定各分区的烧写文件路径，如下图所示:

• 连接好12V/2A的DC接口电源及HDMI显示设备，连接Type-C数据线到PC，按住Recovery键再长按(1.5秒以上)Power键开机，AndroidTools会显示“发现一个LOADER设备”

 a) 如果eMMC没有烧写过系统或eMMC的系统被擦除或损坏则会显示为MASKROM设备;
 b) 您也可以按住BOOT键再长按Power键开机，同时持续按住BOOT键5秒以上强制进入MASKROM模式;
 c) 如果显示“没有发现设备”，请先检查是否已成功安装驱动，检查Type-C数据线然后按上述方法重新开机，或按住Recovery键再按Reset键;
 d) 另外，如果已成功启动系统，可通过串口、adb或ssh等方式在板子上运行reboot loader重启板子并进入LOADER模式。

• 点击执行即可下载固件到eMMC，请耐心等待，烧写成功结束后将自动重启。

5.3.4 使用Linux_Upgrade_Tool

这是Rockchip提供的Linux下的命令行工具，用于通过Type-C数据线来升级eMMC中的固件，同时还提供了如擦除eMMC、直接读/写eMMC等功能。

• 安装upgrade_tool: 下载Linux_Upgrade_Tool_1.27.rar后解压即可获得upgrade_tool，然后复制并设置权限

 sudo cp upgrade_tool /usr/local/sbin
 sudo chown root:root /usr/local/sbin/upgrade_tool
 sudo chmod 0755 /usr/local/sbin/upgrade_tool

• 根据自己的需要下载images-for-eflasher下的系统固件并解压，如Lubuntu的固件文件是lubuntu-desktop-images.tgz
• 参考“使用AndroidTool”，启动板子并进入LOADER或MASKROM模式;
• 运行以下命令即可烧写Lubuntu系统并重启:

 sudo upgrade_tool ul MiniLoaderAll.bin
 sudo upgrade_tool di -p parameter.txt
 sudo upgrade_tool di uboot uboot.img
 sudo upgrade_tool di trust trust.img
 sudo upgrade_tool di resource resource.img
 sudo upgrade_tool di kernel kernel.img
 sudo upgrade_tool di boot boot.img
 sudo upgrade_tool di rootfs rootfs.img
 sudo upgrade_tool RD

• 如果想烧写Android 7到eMMC，可下载固件文件并解压后运行以下命令:

 sudo upgrade_tool ul MiniLoaderAll.bin
 sudo upgrade_tool di -p parameter.txt
 sudo upgrade_tool di uboot uboot.img
 sudo upgrade_tool di trust trust.img
 sudo upgrade_tool di misc misc.img
 sudo upgrade_tool di resource resource.img
 sudo upgrade_tool di kernel kernel.img
 sudo upgrade_tool di boot boot.img
 sudo upgrade_tool di recovery recovery.img
 sudo upgrade_tool di system system.img
 sudo upgrade_tool RD

如果固件中的MiniLoaderAll.bin版本不同，或烧写与eMMC中不同的系统，则可能会遇到无法成功启动的情况，需要擦除eMMC。
先启动板子并进入LOADER，运行以下命令可删除eMMC，如程序显示"Download Boot Start"后超过10s无变化可按Reset键，然后再运行一次以下命令。

 sudo upgrade_tool EF MiniLoaderAll.bin

擦除成功结束后将显示"Erase flash ok."

6 如何编译系统

6.1 搭建编译环境

搭建编译Android的环境建议使用64位的Ubuntu 16.04，安装需要的包即可。

sudo apt-get install bison g++-multilib git gperf libxml2-utils make python-networkx zip
sudo apt-get install flex curl libncurses5-dev libssl-dev zlib1g-dev gawk minicom
sudo apt-get install openjdk-8-jdk

更多说明可查看 https://source.android.com/source/initializing.html 。

6.2 安装交叉编译器

6.2.1 安装aarch64-linux-gcc 6.4

首先下载并解压编译器:

git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/prebuilts.git
sudo mkdir -p /opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain
sudo tar xf prebuilts/gcc-x64/aarch64-cortexa53-linux-gnu-6.4.tar.xz -C /opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/

然后将编译器的路径加入到PATH中，用vi编辑vi ~/.bashrc，在末尾加入以下内容：

export PATH=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/6.4-aarch64/bin:$PATH
export GCC_COLORS=auto

执行一下~/.bashrc脚本让设置立即在当前shell窗口中生效，注意"."后面有个空格：

. ~/.bashrc

这个编译器是64位的，不能在32位的Linux系统上运行，安装完成后，你可以快速的验证是否安装成功：

aarch64-linux-gcc -v
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=aarch64-linux-gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/6.4-aarch64/libexec/gcc/aarch64-cortexa53-linux-gnu/6.4.0/lto-wrapper
Target: aarch64-cortexa53-linux-gnu
Configured with: /work/toolchain/build/aarch64-cortexa53-linux-gnu/build/src/gcc/configure --build=x86_64-build_pc-linux-gnu
--host=x86_64-build_pc-linux-gnu --target=aarch64-cortexa53-linux-gnu --prefix=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/6.4-aarch64
--with-sysroot=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/6.4-aarch64/aarch64-cortexa53-linux-gnu/sysroot --enable-languages=c,c++
--enable-fix-cortex-a53-835769 --enable-fix-cortex-a53-843419 --with-cpu=cortex-a53
...
Thread model: posix
gcc version 6.4.0 (ctng-1.23.0-150g-FA)