Difference between revisions of "NanoPi Fire2A"

Revision as of 05:38, 19 October 2017

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1 Introduction

Overview

Front

Back

• The NanoPi Fire2A is a high performance ARM Board developed by FriendlyARM for Hobbyists, Makers and Hackers for IOT projects. It features Samsung's Cortex-A9 Quad Core S5P4418@1.4GHz SoC and 512MB 32bit DDR3 RAM. It has a Gbps Ethernet port. It boots Android and Debian from a TF card. It integrates an HDMI and LCD interface. Its adoption of the Raspberry Pi's GPIO pin header makes it compatible with both Raspberry Pi's external GPIO modules and Arduino's shield boards. Its PCB dimension is 75 x 40 mm.

2 Hardware Spec

• CPU: S5P4418, 1.4GHz
• RAM: 512MB DDR3
• Connectivity: Gbps Ethernet port
• PMU Power Management: Implemented by a Cortex-M0 MCU, support software power-off, and RTC alarm power-up functions
• USB 2.0 Type A x 1
• Debug Serial Port/UART0 x 1
• microSD Slot x 1
• microUSB x 1: for data transmission and power input
• LCD Interface: 0.5 mm pitch SMT FPC seat, for full-color LCD (RGB: 8-8-8)
• HDMI: HDMI 1.4A, microHDMI(Type-D), 1080P60
• DVP Camera Interface: 0.5mm spacing FPC socket. It includes ITU-R BT 601/656 8-bit, I2C, PWM and IO
• GPIO: 2.54mm spacing 40pin, compatible with Raspberry Pi's GPIO. It includes UART, SPI, I2C, PWM, IO etc
• Button: Power Button x 1, Reset Button x 1
• LED: LED for Power Indication x 1, System LED x 1
• RTC: RTC Battery Seat
• PCB Dimension: 75 x 40mm
• Power: DC 5V/2A
• Temperature measuring range: -20℃ to 80℃
• OS: Android, Debian

3 Diagram, Layout and Dimension

3.1 Layout

NanoPi Fire2A Layout

• GPIO Pin Spec

Pin#	Name	Pin#	Name
1	SYS_3.3V	2	VDD_5V
3	I2C0_SDA	4	VDD_5V
5	I2C0_SCL	6	DGND
7	GPIOD8/PPM	8	UART3_TXD/GPIOD21
9	DGND	10	UART3_RXD/GPIOD17
11	UART4_TX/GPIOB29	12	GPIOD1/PWM0
13	GPIOB30	14	DGND
15	GPIOB31	16	GPIOC14/PWM2
17	SYS_3.3V	18	GPIOB27
19	SPI0_MOSI/GPIOC31	20	DGND
21	SPI0_MISO/GPIOD0	22	UART4_RX/GPIOB28
23	SPI0_CLK/GPIOC29	24	SPI0_CS/GPIOC30
25	DGND	26	GPIOB26
27	I2C1_SDA	28	I2C1_SCL
29	GPIOC8	30	DGND
31	GPIOC7	32	GPIOC28
33	GPIOC13/PWM1	34	DGND
35	SPI2_MISO/GPIOC11	36	SPI2_CS/GPIOC10
37	AliveGPIO3	38	SPI2_MOSI/GPIOC12
39	DGND	40	SPI2_CLK/GPIOC9

• Debug Port（UART0）

Pin#	Name
1	DGND
2	VDD_5V
3	UART_TXD0
4	UART_RXD0

• DVP Camera Interface Pin Spec

Pin#	Name
1, 2	SYS_3.3V
7,9,13,15,24	DGND
3	I2C0_SCL
4	I2C0_SDA
5	GPIOB14
6	GPIOB16
8	GPIOC13/PWM1
10	NC
11	VSYNC
12	HREF
14	PCLK
16-23	Data bit7-0

• RGB LCD Interface Pin Spec

Pin#	Name	Description
1, 2	VDD_5V	5V output, LCD power
11，20，29, 37，38，39，40, 45	DGND	ground
3-10	Blue LSB to MSB	RGB Blue
12-19	Green LSB to MSB	RGB Green
21-28	Red LSB to MSB	RGB Red
30	GPIOB25	available for users
31	GPIOC15	occupied by FriendlyARM one wire technology to recognize LCD models and control backlight and implement resistive touch, not applicable for users
32	XnRSTOUT Form CPU	low when system is reset
33	VDEN	signal the external LCD that data is valid on the data bus
34	VSYNC	vertical synchronization
35	HSYNC	horizontal synchronization
36	LCDCLK	LCD clock, Pixel frequency
41	I2C2_SCL	I2C2 clock signal, for capacitive touch's data transmission
42	I2C2_SDA	I2C2 data signal, for capacitive touch's data transmission
43	GPIOC16	interrupt pin for capacitive touch, used with I2C2
44	NC	not connected

Note

1. SYS_3.3V: 3.3V power output
2. VDD_5V: 5V power input/output. When the external device’s power is greater than the MicroUSB’s the external device is charging the board otherwise the board powers the external device. The input range is 4.7V ~ 5.5V
3. For more details please refer to the schematic.

3.2 Board Dimension

For more details please refer to the dxf drawimg document.

4 Get Started

4.1 Essentials You Need

Before play with your NanoPi Fire2A please get the following items ready

• NanoPi Fire2A
• microSD Card/TFCard: Class 10 or Above, minimum 8GB SDHC
• microUSB power. A 5V/2A power is a must
• HDMI monitor or LCD
• USB keyboard and mouse
• A Host running Ubuntu 14.04 64 bit system

4.2 TF Card We Tested

To make your NanoPi Fire2A boot and run fast we highly recommend you use a Class10 8GB SDHC TF card or a better one. The following cards are what we used in all our test cases presented here:

• SanDisk TF 8G Class10 Micro/SD TF card:

• SanDisk TF128G MicroSDXC TF 128G Class10 48MB/S:

• 川宇 8G C10 High Speed class10 micro SD card：

4.3 Make an Installation MicroSD Card

4.3.1 Under Windows

Get the following files from here:download link to download image files:

• Get a 4G SDHC card and backup its data if necessary.
  

Image Files
s5p4418-debian-sd4g-YYYYMMDD.img.zip	Debian image file with X Window
s5p4418-debian-wifiap-sd4g-YYYYMMDD.img.zip	Debian image file with X Window and WiFi configured as AP
s5p4418-kitkat-sd4g-YYYYMMDD.img.zip	Android4.4 image file with support for 4G LTE
s5p4418-android-sd4g-YYYYMMDD.img.zip	Android5.1 image file
s5p4418-ubuntu-core-qte-sd4g-YYYYMMDD.img.zip	Ubuntu core with Qt Embedded
Flash Utility:
win32diskimager.rar	Windows utility. Under Linux users can use "dd"

• Please uncompress these files. Insert an SD card(at least 4G) to a Windows PC, run the win32diskimager utility as administrator，On the utility's main window select your SD card's drive and the image files and click on "write" to start flashing the SD card.
• Please insert this card to your NanoPi Fire2A and power on (with a 5V/2A power source). If the red LED is on and the green LED is blinking this indicates your NanoPi Fire2A is successfully booted.
  

4.3.2 Under Linux Desktop

• 1) Insert your microSD card to your host running Ubuntu and check your SD card's device name

dmesg | tail

Search the messages output by "dmesg" for similar words like "sdc: sdc1 sdc2". If you can find them it means your SD card is recognized as "/dev/sdc". Or you can check that by commanding "cat /proc/partitions".

• 2) Download Firmware Package

git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_nanopi2.git
cd sd-fuse_nanopi2

• 3) Flash Android Firmware to MicroSD Card

su
./fusing.sh /dev/sdx

(Note: you need to replace "/dev/sdx" with the device name in your system) When you do “git clone” you have to hit “Y” within 10 seconds after it prompts you to download image files otherwise you will miss the download.

• 4) Flash Debian Firmware to MicroSD Card

./fusing.sh /dev/sdx debian

4.3.3 Extend NanoPi Fire2A's TF Card Section

• When Debian/Ubuntu is loaded the TF card's section will be automatically extended.
• When Android is loaded you need to run the following commands on your host PC to extend your TF card's section:

sudo umount /dev/sdx?
sudo parted /dev/sdx unit % resizepart 4 100 resizepart 7 100 unit MB print
sudo resize2fs -f /dev/sdx7

(Note: you need to replace "/dev/sdx" with the device name in your system)

4.3.4 LCD/HDMI Resolution

When system boots our uboot will check whether it is connected to an LCD. If it recognizes an LCD it will configure its resolution. By default our uboot configures the display to HDMI 720P.
If you want to reset the LCD resolution you can modify file "arch/arm/plat-s5p4418/nanopi2/lcds.c" in the kernel and recompile it.
If your NanoPi 2 connects an HDMI monitor and it runs Android it will automatically set the resolution to an appropriate HDMI mode by checking "EDID". If your NanoPi 2 connects an HDMI monitor and it runs Debian by default it will set the resolution to HDMI 720P and in this case you can set it to 1080P by modifying your kernel's configuration.

4.4 Update Image Files in MicroSD Card From PC Host

If you want to make some changes to the image files in your MicroSD card please follow steps below otherwise you can skip this section.
Please insert your MicroSD card to a PC host running LINUX, mount the boot and rootfs sections of the SD card and follow the steps below:

1) If you want to change your kernel command line parameters you can do it via the fw_setevn utility under "sd-fuse_nanopi2/tools"
Check the current Command Line:

cd sd-fuse_nanopi2/tools
./fw_printenv /dev/sdc | grep bootargs

Android 5.1.1_r6 starts SELinux. By default it is enforcing. You can change it this way:

./fw_setenv /dev/sdc bootargs XXX androidboot.selinux=permissive

This will set it to "permissive". The "XXX" stands for the original bootargs' value.

2) Update Kernel
Our customized uboot will check the LCD type when it boots.For a non-Android OS If it recognizes an LCD connected to the NanoPi Fire2A it will load "uImage" from "boot" otherwise it will load "uImage.hdmi"
However for Android these two files don't make any differences for whatever display device it detects. You can use your generated uImage to replace the existing one under "boot".
For Debian if your generated kernel is for LCD you need to replace the existing uImage or if your kernel is for HDMI you need to replace the existing uImage.hdmi .

4.5 Run Android or Debian

• Insert a MicroSD card with Android image files to your NanoPi Fire2A, connect the NanoPi Fire2A to an HDMI monitor and a 5V/2A power source the NanoPi Fire2A will be automatically powered on. If you can see the green LED flashing it means your board is working and you will see Android loading on the HDMI monitor.
  

1) If you connect the NanoPi Fire2A to an HDMI monitor you need to use a USB mouse and a USB keyboard to operate. If you connect it to an LCD with capacitive touch you can operate directly on the LCD. 2）If you want to do kernel development you'd better have a serial board which allows you to operate the board via a serial terminal.

• Here is a case in which we connect a NanoPi Fire2A to a PC running Ubuntu and Minicom via a serial cable you will see system messages output to the PC’s minicom terminal:

• Under Debian the password for "root" is "fa".

4.6 Login Debian via VNC or SSH

If your NanoPi Fire2A is not connected to a display device you can download and install a "VNC Viewer" on your PC or mobile phone and login the NanoPi Fire2A via VNC. Its default password is "fa123456". Here is a screenshot which shows how it looks like when users login the NanoPi Fire2A from an iPhone via VNC:

You can login via "SSH -l root 192.168.8.1" too and the default password for "root" is "fa".

5 Play with Debian

5.1 Ethernet Connection

If the NanoPi Fire2A is connected to a network via Ethernet before it is powered on it will automatically obtain an IP after it is powered on. If it is not connected via Ethernet or its DHCP is not activated obtaining an IP will fail and system will hang on for about 15 to 60 seconds.

• 1) Setup MAC Address

The NanoPi Fire2A by default doesn't have a valid MAC address. If the board connects a network successfully it will automatically generates a random MAC in "/etc/network/interfaces.d/eth0". Users can change it to a self-defined valid one:

vi /etc/network/interfaces.d/eth0

Here is the content of a sample configuration file:

auto eth0
allow-hotplug eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp
hwaddress 76:92:d4:85:f3:0f

The "hwaddress" specifies the MAC address. Here the "76:92:d4:85:f3:0f" is a random MAC. We suggest users change it to a valid one
Note: when you reset the MAC please make sure your MAC meets IEEE's definition otherwise it will cause unexpected issues.
After you make your change, save, exit and reboot your board or run the following commands to restart the network:

systemctl restart networking

5.2 Install Debian Packages

We provide a Debian jessie image. You can install Jessie's packages by commanding "apt-get". If this is your first installation you need to update the package list by running the following command:

apt-get update

You can install your preferred packages. For example if you want to install an FTP server you can do this:

apt-get install vsftpd

Note: you can change your download server by editting "/etc/apt/sources.list". You can get a complete server list from [1]. You need to select the one with "armhf".

5.3 Resources

• Schematic (NanoPi Fire2A 1709 Schematic.pdf)
• Dimensions (NanoPi Fire2A 1709 dxf文件)
• S5P4418 Datasheet (S5P4418_Datasheet_0.1.pdf)