Difference between revisions of "Template:RK3328-BuildFromSource/zh"

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(updated by API)
(updated by API)
 
(7 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 11: Line 11:
 
tools/repo sync -c  --no-clone-bundle
 
tools/repo sync -c  --no-clone-bundle
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
</syntaxhighlight>
−
=====版本FriendlyWrt 22.03.2=====
+
=====版本FriendlyWrt 23.05=====
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
−
mkdir friendlywrt22-rk3328
+
mkdir friendlywrt23-rk3328
−
cd friendlywrt22-rk3328
+
cd friendlywrt23-rk3328
 
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/repo --depth 1 tools
 
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/repo --depth 1 tools
−
tools/repo init -u https://github.com/friendlyarm/friendlywrt_manifests -b master-v22.03 \
+
tools/repo init -u https://github.com/friendlyarm/friendlywrt_manifests -b master-v23.05 \
 
         -m rk3328.xml --repo-url=https://github.com/friendlyarm/repo  --no-clone-bundle
 
         -m rk3328.xml --repo-url=https://github.com/friendlyarm/repo  --no-clone-bundle
 
tools/repo sync -c  --no-clone-bundle
 
tools/repo sync -c  --no-clone-bundle
Line 73: Line 73:
 
! 交叉编译器
 
! 交叉编译器
 
! 分区类型
 
! 分区类型
−
! 构建脚本
+
! 构建工具集
 
! 内核代码分支
 
! 内核代码分支
 
! 内核配置
 
! 内核配置
Line 81: Line 81:
 
| buildroot
 
| buildroot
 
| rowspan="2" | linux v4.19.y
 
| rowspan="2" | linux v4.19.y
−
| u-boot <br />v2017.09
+
| rowspan="9" | u-boot <br />v2017.09
−
| 11.3-aarch64
+
| rowspan="9" | 11.3-aarch64
 
| rowspan="2" | [https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/blob/kernel-4.19/prebuilt/parameter.template GPT]
 
| rowspan="2" | [https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/blob/kernel-4.19/prebuilt/parameter.template GPT]
 
| rowspan="2" | [https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/tree/kernel-4.19 sd-fuse]
 
| rowspan="2" | [https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/tree/kernel-4.19 sd-fuse]
 
| rowspan="2" | [https://github.com/friendlyarm/kernel-rockchip/tree/nanopi4-v4.19.y nanopi4-v4.19.y]
 
| rowspan="2" | [https://github.com/friendlyarm/kernel-rockchip/tree/nanopi4-v4.19.y nanopi4-v4.19.y]
 
| rowspan="2" | nanopi4_linux_defconfig
 
| rowspan="2" | nanopi4_linux_defconfig
−
| rowspan="8" | [https://github.com/friendlyarm/uboot-rockchip/tree/nanopi4-v2017.09 nanopi4-v2017.09]
+
| rowspan="9" | [https://github.com/friendlyarm/uboot-rockchip/tree/nanopi4-v2017.09 nanopi4-v2017.09]
−
| rowspan="8" | rk3288_defconfig
+
| rowspan="9" | nanopi_r2_defconfig
 
|-
 
|-
 
| friendlycore-focal-arm64
 
| friendlycore-focal-arm64
−
| u-boot <br />v2017.09
 
−
| 11.3-aarch64
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
| friendlycore-lite-focal-arm64
+
| openmediavault-arm64
−
| rowspan="6" | linux v5.15.y
+
| rowspan="7" | linux v6.1.y
−
| rowspan="6" | u-boot <br />v2017.09
+
| [https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/blob/kernel-6.1.y/prebuilt/parameter-ext4.txt GPT]
−
| rowspan="6" | 11.3-aarch64
+
| rowspan="7" | [https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/tree/kernel-6.1.y<br /> sd-fuse]
−
| rowspan="6" | [https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/blob/kernel-5.15.y/prebuilt/parameter.template GPT]
+
| rowspan="7" | [https://github.com/friendlyarm/kernel-rockchip/tree/nanopi-r2-v6.1.y nanopi-r2-v6.1.y]
−
| rowspan="6" | [https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/tree/kernel-5.15.y<br /> sd-fuse]
+
| rowspan="3" | nanopi-r2_linux_defconfig
−
| rowspan="6" | [https://github.com/friendlyarm/kernel-rockchip/tree/nanopi-r2-v5.15.y nanopi-r2-v5.15.y]
+
|-
−
| rowspan="2" | nanopi-r2_linux_defconfig
+
| ubuntu-noble-core-arm64
 +
| rowspan="6" | [https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/blob/kernel-6.1.y/prebuilt/parameter.template GPT]
 
|-
 
|-
−
| debian-bullseye-core-arm64
+
| debian-bookworm-core-arm64
 
|-
 
|-
 
| friendlywrt21
 
| friendlywrt21
−
| rowspan="4" | nanopi-r2_linux_defconfig<br /> friendlywrt.config
+
| rowspan="4" | nanopi-r2_linux_defconfig<br />+friendlywrt.config
 
|-
 
|-
 
| friendlywrt21-docker
 
| friendlywrt21-docker
 
|-
 
|-
−
| friendlywrt22
+
| friendlywrt23
 
|-
 
|-
−
| friendlywrt22-docker
+
| friendlywrt23-docker
 
|}
 
|}
 
* 内核源代码仓库地址：https://github.com/friendlyarm/kernel-rockchip
 
* 内核源代码仓库地址：https://github.com/friendlyarm/kernel-rockchip
Line 161: Line 160:
 
安装内核: <br>
 
安装内核: <br>
 
请参考 [[#应用新编译的uboot与内核]]<br>
 
请参考 [[#应用新编译的uboot与内核]]<br>
−
====编译内核linux-v5.15.y====
+
====编译内核linux-v6.1.y====
 
本节内容适用于如下OS:
 
本节内容适用于如下OS:
 
{| class="wikitable"  
 
{| class="wikitable"  
Line 167: Line 166:
 
| friendlywrt21
 
| friendlywrt21
 
| friendlywrt21-docker
 
| friendlywrt21-docker
−
| friendlywrt22
+
| friendlywrt23
−
| friendlywrt22-docker
+
| friendlywrt23-docker
−
| friendlycore-lite-focal-arm64
+
| ubuntu-noble-core-arm64
−
| debian-bullseye-core-arm64
+
| openmediavault-arm64
 +
| debian-bookworm-core-arm64
 
|}
 
|}
 
下载源代码并编译:
 
下载源代码并编译:
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
−
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/kernel-rockchip --single-branch --depth 1 -b nanopi-r2-v5.15.y kernel-rockchip
+
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/kernel-rockchip --single-branch --depth 1 -b nanopi-r2-v6.1.y kernel-rockchip
 
cd kernel-rockchip
 
cd kernel-rockchip
 
export PATH=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/11.3-aarch64/bin/:$PATH
 
export PATH=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/11.3-aarch64/bin/:$PATH
Line 197: Line 197:
 
打包kernel.img与resource.img:
 
打包kernel.img与resource.img:
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
−
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/kernel-5.15.y/tools/mkkrnlimg && chmod 755 mkkrnlimg
+
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/kernel-6.1.y/tools/mkkrnlimg && chmod 755 mkkrnlimg
−
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/kernel-5.15.y/tools/resource_tool && chmod 755 resource_tool
+
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/kernel-6.1.y/tools/resource_tool && chmod 755 resource_tool
−
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/kernel-5.15.y/prebuilt/boot/logo.bmp
+
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/kernel-6.1.y/prebuilt/boot/logo.bmp
−
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/kernel-5.15.y/prebuilt/boot/logo_kernel.bmp
+
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/kernel-6.1.y/prebuilt/boot/logo_kernel.bmp
 
./mkkrnlimg arch/arm64/boot/Image kernel.img
 
./mkkrnlimg arch/arm64/boot/Image kernel.img
 
./resource_tool --dtbname arch/arm64/boot/dts/rockchip/rk3328-nanopi*-rev*.dtb logo.bmp logo_kernel.bmp
 
./resource_tool --dtbname arch/arm64/boot/dts/rockchip/rk3328-nanopi*-rev*.dtb logo.bmp logo_kernel.bmp
Line 221: Line 221:
 
| friendlywrt21
 
| friendlywrt21
 
| friendlywrt21-docker
 
| friendlywrt21-docker
−
| friendlywrt22
+
| friendlywrt23
−
| friendlywrt22-docker
+
| friendlywrt23-docker
−
| friendlycore-lite-focal-arm64
+
| ubuntu-noble-core-arm64
−
| debian-bullseye-core-arm64
+
| openmediavault-arm64
 +
| debian-bookworm-core-arm64
 
|}
 
|}
 
下载源代码并编译:
 
下载源代码并编译:
Line 253: Line 254:
 
| friendlywrt21
 
| friendlywrt21
 
| friendlywrt21-docker
 
| friendlywrt21-docker
−
| friendlywrt22
+
| friendlywrt23
−
| friendlywrt22-docker
+
| friendlywrt23-docker
−
| friendlycore-lite-focal-arm64
+
| ubuntu-noble-core-arm64
−
| debian-bullseye-core-arm64
+
| openmediavault-arm64
 +
| debian-bookworm-core-arm64
 
|}
 
|}
 
由于RK3328的OS默认均采用GPT分区, 可以用dd命令将image文件烧写至image对应的分区，SD卡与eMMC的设备节点如下：
 
由于RK3328的OS默认均采用GPT分区, 可以用dd命令将image文件烧写至image对应的分区，SD卡与eMMC的设备节点如下：
Line 292: Line 294:
 
如果要更新uboot：
 
如果要更新uboot：
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
−
dd if=boot.img of=/dev/mmcblk2p1 bs=1M
+
dd if=uboot.img of=/dev/mmcblk2p1 bs=1M
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
如果要更新内核驱动模块，将新驱动模块目录上传并替换以下目录下的文件即可：/lib/modules。
 
如果要更新内核驱动模块，将新驱动模块目录上传并替换以下目录下的文件即可：/lib/modules。
Line 310: Line 312:
 
| [https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/tree/kernel-4.19 sd-fuse_rk3328/kernel-4.19]
 
| [https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/tree/kernel-4.19 sd-fuse_rk3328/kernel-4.19]
 
|-
 
|-
−
| linux v5.15.y
+
| linux v6.1.y
−
| [https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/tree/kernel-5.15.y sd-fuse_rk3328/kernel-5.15.y]
+
| [https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/tree/kernel-6.1.y sd-fuse_rk3328/kernel-6.1.y]
 
|}
 
|}
 
=====线刷=====
 
=====线刷=====
 
======Linux系统======
 
======Linux系统======
−
用upgrade_tool工具烧写uboot与内核, 命令如下所示：
+
用以下命令让开发板进入loader模式:
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
 
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
−
sudo upgrade_tool ul MiniLoaderAll.bin
+
sudo reboot loader
−
sudo upgrade_tool di -p parameter.txt
+
</syntaxhighlight>
−
sudo upgrade_tool di uboot uboot.img
+
用 upgrade_tool_v2.17_for_linux 工具烧写uboot与内核, 命令如下所示：
−
sudo upgrade_tool di trust trust.img
+
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
−
sudo upgrade_tool di resource resource.img
+
sudo upgrade_tool di -k kernel.img
−
sudo upgrade_tool di kernel kernel.img
+
sudo upgrade_tool di -re resource.img
 +
sudo upgrade_tool di -u uboot.img
 
sudo upgrade_tool RD
 
sudo upgrade_tool RD
 
</syntaxhighlight>
 
</syntaxhighlight>
−
注：upgrade_tool是Rockchip提供的Linux下的命令行工具（Linux_Upgrade_Tool）
+
注：upgrade_tool是Rockchip提供的Linux下的命令行工具（Linux_Upgrade_Tool），需要使用v2以上版本。
−
 
+
 
===使用脚本进行编译===
 
===使用脚本进行编译===
 
====下载工具与固件====
 
====下载工具与固件====

Latest revision as of 08:18, 1 July 2024

1 编译 Openwrt/Friendlywrt

1.1 下载源代码

FriendlyWrt有两个版本, 请根据需要进行选择.

1.1.1 版本FriendlyWrt 21.02
mkdir friendlywrt21-rk3328
cd friendlywrt21-rk3328
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/repo --depth 1 tools
tools/repo init -u https://github.com/friendlyarm/friendlywrt_manifests -b master-v21.02 \
        -m rk3328.xml --repo-url=https://github.com/friendlyarm/repo  --no-clone-bundle
tools/repo sync -c  --no-clone-bundle
1.1.2 版本FriendlyWrt 23.05
mkdir friendlywrt23-rk3328
cd friendlywrt23-rk3328
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/repo --depth 1 tools
tools/repo init -u https://github.com/friendlyarm/friendlywrt_manifests -b master-v23.05 \
        -m rk3328.xml --repo-url=https://github.com/friendlyarm/repo  --no-clone-bundle
tools/repo sync -c  --no-clone-bundle

1.2 首次编译

下面的命令是编译不带docker的版本, 如需要编译带docker的版本, 请将rk3328.mk替换为rk3328-docker.mk: 

./build.sh rk3328.mk

会编译所有组件（包含u-boot, kernel 和 friendlywrt）并生成sd卡镜像文件,再执行以下命令,可生成用于安装系统到emmc运行的镜像文件(eflahser固件): 

./build.sh emmc-img

对项目进行过修改后, 需要重新打包sd卡镜像, 可执行如下命令: 

./build.sh sd-img

1.3 二次编译

cd friendlywrt
make menuconfig #改动FriendlyWrt的配置
rm -rf ./tmp
make -j${nproc}
cd ../
./build.sh sd-img
./build.sh emmc-img

1.4 单独编译u-boot

./build.sh uboot

1.5 单独编译kernel

./build.sh kernel

1.6 单独编译friendlywrt

./build.sh friendlywrt

或者进入friendlywrt目录, 按标准openwrt的命令操作, 上面的命令出现错误时, 可尝试使用以下命令单线程编译: 

cd friendlywrt
make -j1 V=s

2 编译Buildroot

请参考: Buildroot

3 其他Linux系统编译

3.1 各个OS对应的内核与u-boot版本

操作系统 内核版本 uboot版本 交叉编译器 分区类型 构建工具集 内核代码分支 内核配置 uboot代码分支 uboot配置
buildroot linux v4.19.y u-boot
v2017.09 		11.3-aarch64 GPT sd-fuse nanopi4-v4.19.y nanopi4_linux_defconfig nanopi4-v2017.09 nanopi_r2_defconfig
friendlycore-focal-arm64
openmediavault-arm64 linux v6.1.y GPT
sd-fuse 		nanopi-r2-v6.1.y nanopi-r2_linux_defconfig
ubuntu-noble-core-arm64 GPT
debian-bookworm-core-arm64
friendlywrt21 nanopi-r2_linux_defconfig
+friendlywrt.config
friendlywrt21-docker
friendlywrt23
friendlywrt23-docker 
export PATH=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/11.3-aarch64/bin/:$PATH
  • sd-fuse构建脚本可以用于快速编译kernel和uboot、重新打包sd卡固件与卡刷固件等

3.2 编译内核linux-v4.19.y

本节内容适用于如下OS:

buildroot friendlycore-focal-arm64

下载源代码并编译: 

git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/kernel-rockchip --single-branch --depth 1 -b nanopi4-v4.19.y kernel-rockchip
cd kernel-rockchip
export PATH=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/11.3-aarch64/bin/:$PATH
touch .scmversion
# 配置内核
# option1: 加载Linux系统配置
make ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux- nanopi4_linux_defconfig
# option2: 加载FriendlyWrt系统配置
# make ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux- nanopi4_linux_defconfig friendlywrt.config
# 启动配置界面
# make ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux- menuconfig
# 编译内核
make ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux- nanopi4-images -j$(nproc)
# 编译驱动模块
mkdir -p out-modules
make ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux- INSTALL_MOD_PATH="$PWD/out-modules" modules -j$(nproc)
make ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux- INSTALL_MOD_PATH="$PWD/out-modules" modules_install
KERNEL_VER=$(make CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- ARCH=arm64 kernelrelease)
rm -rf $PWD/out-modules/lib/modules/${KERNEL_VER}/kernel/drivers/gpu/arm/mali400/
[ ! -f "$PWD/out-modules/lib/modules/${KERNEL_VER}/modules.dep" ] && depmod -b $PWD/out-modules -E Module.symvers -F System.map -w ${KERNEL_VER}
(cd $PWD/out-modules && find . -name \*.ko | xargs aarch64-linux-strip --strip-unneeded)

编译完会生成如下文件:

kernel.img resource.img 驱动模块位于out-modules目录

安装内核:
请参考 #应用新编译的uboot与内核

3.3 编译内核linux-v6.1.y

本节内容适用于如下OS:

friendlywrt21 friendlywrt21-docker friendlywrt23 friendlywrt23-docker ubuntu-noble-core-arm64 openmediavault-arm64 debian-bookworm-core-arm64

下载源代码并编译: 

git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/kernel-rockchip --single-branch --depth 1 -b nanopi-r2-v6.1.y kernel-rockchip
cd kernel-rockchip
export PATH=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/11.3-aarch64/bin/:$PATH
touch .scmversion
# 配置内核
# option1: 加载Linux系统配置
make CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- ARCH=arm64 nanopi-r2_linux_defconfig
# option2: 加载FriendlyWrt系统配置
# make CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- ARCH=arm64 nanopi-r2_linux_defconfig friendlywrt.config
# 启动配置界面
# make CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- ARCH=arm64 menuconfig
# 编译内核
make CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- ARCH=arm64 -j$(nproc)
# 编译驱动模块
mkdir -p out-modules && rm -rf out-modules/*
make CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- ARCH=arm64 INSTALL_MOD_PATH="$PWD/out-modules" modules -j$(nproc)
make CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- ARCH=arm64 INSTALL_MOD_PATH="$PWD/out-modules" modules_install
KERNEL_VER=$(make CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- ARCH=arm64 kernelrelease)
[ ! -f "$PWD/out-modules/lib/modules/${KERNEL_VER}/modules.dep" ] && depmod -b $PWD/out-modules -E Module.symvers -F System.map -w ${KERNEL_VER}
(cd $PWD/out-modules && find . -name \*.ko | xargs aarch64-linux-strip --strip-unneeded)

打包kernel.img与resource.img: 

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/kernel-6.1.y/tools/mkkrnlimg && chmod 755 mkkrnlimg
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/kernel-6.1.y/tools/resource_tool && chmod 755 resource_tool
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/kernel-6.1.y/prebuilt/boot/logo.bmp
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328/kernel-6.1.y/prebuilt/boot/logo_kernel.bmp
./mkkrnlimg arch/arm64/boot/Image kernel.img
./resource_tool --dtbname arch/arm64/boot/dts/rockchip/rk3328-nanopi*-rev*.dtb logo.bmp logo_kernel.bmp

完成后会得到如下文件:

kernel.img resource.img 驱动模块位于out-modules目录

安装内核:
请参考 #应用新编译的uboot与内核

3.4 编译u-boot v2017.09

本节内容适用于如下OS:

buildroot friendlycore-focal-arm64 friendlywrt21 friendlywrt21-docker friendlywrt23 friendlywrt23-docker ubuntu-noble-core-arm64 openmediavault-arm64 debian-bookworm-core-arm64

下载源代码并编译: 

git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/rkbin --single-branch --depth 1 -b friendlyelec
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/uboot-rockchip --single-branch --depth 1 -b nanopi4-v2017.09
export PATH=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/11.3-aarch64/bin/:$PATH
cd uboot-rockchip/
./make.sh nanopi_r2

编译完成后会生成如下文件:

uboot.img trust.img rk3328_loader_v1.16.250.bin (打包时改名为MiniLoaderAll.bin)

安装u-boot:
请参考 #应用新编译的uboot与内核

3.5 应用新编译的uboot与内核

3.5.1 安装到目标板

本节内容适用于如下OS:

buildroot friendlycore-focal-arm64 friendlywrt21 friendlywrt21-docker friendlywrt23 friendlywrt23-docker ubuntu-noble-core-arm64 openmediavault-arm64 debian-bookworm-core-arm64

由于RK3328的OS默认均采用GPT分区, 可以用dd命令将image文件烧写至image对应的分区，SD卡与eMMC的设备节点如下：

  • SD/TF Card设备节点为 /dev/mmcblk0
  • eMMC设备节点为 /dev/mmcblk2

下面将演示如何将内核更新到eMMC:
使用parted命令查看分区布局: 

parted /dev/mmcblk2 print

得到如下输出： 

Model: MMC BJTD4R (sd/mmc)
Disk /dev/mmcblk2: 31.3GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
 
Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name      Flags
 1      8389kB  12.6MB  4194kB               uboot
 2      12.6MB  16.8MB  4194kB               trust
 3      16.8MB  21.0MB  4194kB               misc
 4      21.0MB  25.2MB  4194kB               dtbo
 5      25.2MB  41.9MB  16.8MB               resource
 6      41.9MB  83.9MB  41.9MB               kernel
 7      83.9MB  134MB   50.3MB               boot
 8      134MB   2500MB  2366MB  ext4         rootfs
 9      2500MB  31.3GB  28.8GB  ext4         userdata

resource分区的序号为5, kernel分区的序号为6，对应的设备节点为/dev/mmcblk2p5和/dev/mmcblk2p6, dd命令如下: 

dd if=resource.img of=/dev/mmcblk2p5 bs=1M
dd if=kernel.img of=/dev/mmcblk2p6 bs=1M

如果要更新uboot： 

dd if=uboot.img of=/dev/mmcblk2p1 bs=1M

如果要更新内核驱动模块，将新驱动模块目录上传并替换以下目录下的文件即可：/lib/modules。

3.5.2 打包新的SD Image

sd-fuse 提供一些工具和脚本, 用于制作SD卡固件, 具体用途如下:

  • 制作分区镜像文件, 例如将rootfs目录打包成rootfs.img
  • 将多个分区镜像文件打包成可直接写SD卡的单一镜像文件
  • 简化内核和uboot的编译, 一键编译内核、第三方驱动, 并更新rootfs.img中的内核模块

请根据所用的内核版本点击对应的链接了解详细的使用方法：

内核版本 构建脚本
linux v4.19.y sd-fuse_rk3328/kernel-4.19
linux v6.1.y sd-fuse_rk3328/kernel-6.1.y
3.5.3 线刷
3.5.3.1 Linux系统

用以下命令让开发板进入loader模式: 

sudo reboot loader

用 upgrade_tool_v2.17_for_linux 工具烧写uboot与内核, 命令如下所示： 

sudo upgrade_tool di -k kernel.img
sudo upgrade_tool di -re resource.img
sudo upgrade_tool di -u uboot.img
sudo upgrade_tool RD

注：upgrade_tool是Rockchip提供的Linux下的命令行工具（Linux_Upgrade_Tool），需要使用v2以上版本。

4 使用脚本进行编译

4.1 下载工具与固件

以friendlycore-focal系统为例，从github克隆下载脚本, 并解压friendlycore-focal系统的映象文件，映象文件可以在网盘的"03_分区镜像文件"目录找到： 

git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3328.git -b kernel-4.19
cd sd-fuse_rk3328
tar xvzf /path/to/netdrive/03_分区镜像文件/friendlycore-focal-arm64-images.tgz

4.2 编译内核

下载内核源代码并编译，编译完成后会自动更新 friendlycore-focal-arm64 目录下的相关映象文件，包括文件系统中的内核模块 (rootfs.img会被解包并重新打包)： 

git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/kernel-rockchip --depth 1 -b nanopi4-v4.19.y kernel-rk3328
KERNEL_SRC=$PWD/kernel-rk3328 ./build-kernel.sh friendlycore-focal-arm64

4.3 编译内核头文件

git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/kernel-rockchip --depth 1 -b nanopi4-v4.19.y kernel-rk3328
MK_HEADERS_DEB=1 BUILD_THIRD_PARTY_DRIVER=0 KERNEL_SRC=$PWD/kernel-rk3328 ./build-kernel.sh friendlycore-focal-arm64

4.4 编译uboot

下载uboot源代码并编译，编译完成后会自动更新 friendlycore-focal-arm64 目录下的相关映象文件： 

git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/uboot-rockchip --depth 1 -b nanopi4-v2017.09
UBOOT_SRC=$PWD/uboot-rockchip ./build-uboot.sh friendlycore-focal-arm64

4.5 生成新固件

将friendlycore-focal-arm64目录下的映象文件重新打包成sd卡固件： 

./mk-sd-image.sh friendlycore-focal-arm64

命令完成后，固件位于out目录，可以用 dd 命令制作sd启动卡，举例说明： 

dd if=out/rk3328-sd-friendlycore-focal-4.19-arm64-YYYYMMDD.img of=/dev/sdX bs=1M
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