View source for NanoPi NEO

[[NanoPi NEO/zh|查看中文]]

==Introduction==
[[File:NanoPi NEO-1.jpg|thumb|frameless|300px|Overview]]
[[File:NanoPi NEO-2.jpg|thumb|frameless|300px|Front]]
[[File:NanoPi NEO-3.jpg|thumb|frameless|300px|Back]]
* The NanoPi NEO(abbreviated as NEO) is another fun board developed by FriendlyARM for makers, hobbyists and fans.

==Features==
* CPU: Allwinner H3, Quad-core Cortex-A7 Up to 1.2GHz
* DDR3 RAM: 256MB/512MB
* Connectivity: 10/100M Ethernet
* USB Host: Type-A x 1, 2.54 mm pin x 2
* MicroSD Slot x 1
* MicroUSB: for data transmission and power input 
* Debug Serial Port: 4Pin, 2.54 mm pitch pin header
* GPIO: 2.54mm pitch 36pin. It includes UART, SPI, I2C, IO etc
* PCB Dimension: 40 x 40 mm
* Power Supply: DC 5V/2A
* OS/Software: u-boot and UbuntuCore

==Diagram, Layout and Dimension==
===Layout===
[[File:NanoPi-NEO-layout.jpg |thumb|600px|NanoPi NEO Layout]]

* '''GPIO Pin Description'''
::{| class="wikitable"
|-
|Pin# || Name || Linux gpio ||Pin#  || Name || Linux gpio       
|-
|1    || SYS_3.3V   ||     ||2     || VDD_5V ||
|-
|3    || I2C0_SDA   ||     ||4     || VDD_5V ||
|- 
|5    || I2C0_SCL   ||     ||6     || GND    ||
|-
|7    || GPIOG11    || 203 ||8     || UART1_TX/GPIOG6 || 198
|-
|9    || GND        ||     ||10    || UART1_RX/GPIOG7 || 199  
|-
|11   || UART2_TX/GPIOA0  || 0      ||12    || PWM1/GPIOA6 || 6
|-
|13   || UART2_RTS/GPIOA2 || 2      ||14    || GND || 
|-
|15   || UART2_CTS/GPIOA3 || 3      ||16    || UART1_RTS/GPIOG8 || 200
|-
|17   || SYS_3.3V         ||        ||18    || UART1_CTS/GPIOG9 || 201
|-
|19   || SPI0_MOSI/GPIOC0 || 64     ||20    || GND              ||
|-
|21   || SPI0_MISO/GPIOC1 || 65     ||22    || UART2_RX/GPIOA1  || 1
|-
|23   || SPI0_CLK/GPIOC2 || 93     ||24    || SPI0_CS/GPIOC3   || 67
|}

* '''USB/Audio/IR Pin Description'''
::{| class="wikitable"
|-
| style="background: PaleTurquoise; color: black" colspan="3"| '''NanoPi-NEO''' || style="background: PaleTurquoise; color: black" colspan="3"| '''NanoPi-NEO V1.1'''
|-
|Pin# || Name     ||    Description       || Pin# || Name     ||    Description     
|-
|1    || VDD_5V   ||    5V Power Out      || 1    || VDD_5V   ||    5V Power Out
|-
|2    || USB-DP1  ||    USB1 DP Signal    || 2    || USB-DP1  ||    USB1 DP Signal
|- 
|3    || USB-DM1  ||    USB1 DM Signal    || 3    || USB-DM1  ||    USB1 DM Signal
|-
|4    || USB-DP2  ||    USB2 DP Signal    || 4    || USB-DP2  ||    USB2 DP Signal
|-
|5    || USB-DM2  ||    USB2 DM Signal    || 5    || USB-DM2  ||    USB2 DM Signal
|-
|6     || GPIOL11/IR-RX  || GPIOL11 or IR Receive || 6     || GPIOL11/IR-RX  || GPIOL11 or IR Receive
|-
|7     || SPDIF-OUT/GPIOA17  || GPIOA17 or SPDIF-OUT || 7     || SPDIF-OUT/GPIOA17  || GPIOA17 or SPDIF-OUT
|-
|8     || MICIN1P   ||  Microphone Positive Input     || 8  || PCM0_SYNC/I2S0_LRC   || I2S/PCM Sample Rate Clock/Sync
|-
|9    || MICIN1N    ||  Microphone Negative Input     || 9  || PCM0_CLK/I2S0_BCK   || I2S/PCM Sample Rate Clock
|-
|10    || LINEOUTR  || LINE-OUT Right Channel Output  || 10  || PCM0_DOUT/I2S0_SDOUT || I2S/PCM Serial Bata Output
|-
|11    || LINEOUTL  || LINE-OUT Left Channel Output   || 11  || PCM0_DIN/I2S0_SDIN || I2S/PCM Serial Data Input
|-
|12    || GND       || 0V                             || 12    || GND       || 0V
|}

* '''Debug Port（UART0）'''
::{| class="wikitable"
|-
|Pin# || Name       
|-
|1    || GND    
|-
|2    || VDD_5V    
|- 
|3    || UART_TXD0    
|-
|4    || UART_RXD0 
|}

:'''Note:'''
::# SYS_3.3V: 3.3V power output
::# VVDD_5V: 5V power input/output. When the external device’s power is greater than the MicroUSB's the external device is charging the board otherwise the board powers the external device. The input range is 4.7V ~ 5.6V
::# All pins are 3.3V, output current is 5mA
::# For more details refer to the document: [http://wiki.friendlyarm.com/wiki/images/a/aa/NanoPi-NEO-1606-Schematic.pdf NanoPi-NEO-1606-Schematic.pdf]

===Dimensional Diagram===
[[File:NanoPi-NEO-1606-dimensions.png|frameless|500px|]]

::For more details refer to the document: [http://wiki.friendlyarm.com/wiki/images/9/99/NanoPi-NEO-1606-dimensions%28dxf%29.zip pcb file in dxf format]

==Get Started==
===Essentials You Need===
Before starting to use your NanoPi NEO get the following items ready
* NanoPi NEO
* microSD Card/TFCard: Class 10 or Above, minimum 8GB SDHC
* microUSB power. A 5V/2A power is a must
* A Host computer running Ubuntu 14.04 64 bit system

===TF Cards We Tested===
To make your NanoPi NEO boot and run fast we highly recommand you use a Class10 8GB SDHC TF card or a better one. The following cards are what we used in all our test cases presented here:
* SanDisk TF 8G Class10 Micro/SD TF card:
[[File:SanDisk MicroSD.png|frameless|100px|SanDisk MicroSD 8G]]
* SanDisk TF128G MicroSDXC TF 128G Class10 48MB/S:
[[File:SanDisk MicroSD-01.png|frameless|100px|SanDisk MicroSD 128G]]
* 川宇 8G C10 High Speed class10 micro SD card:
[[File:SanDisk MicroSD-02.png|frameless|100px|chuanyu MicroSD 8G]]

===Make an Installation TF Card===
====Get Image Files====
Visit this link [https://www.mediafire.com/folder/n5o8ihvqhnf6s/Nanopi-NEO download link] to download image files and the flashing utility:<br />

::{| class="wikitable"
|-
|colspan=2|Image Files
|-
|nanopi-neo-core-qte-sd4g.img.zip      || UbuntuCore with Qt-Embedded Image File                   
|-
|colspan=2|Flash Utility:  
|-
|win32diskimager.rar || Windows utility for flashing Debian image. Under Linux users can use "dd"
|- 
|}

====Make UbuntuCore with Qt Embedded Image Card====
* Uncompress the nanopi-neo-core-qte-sd4g.img.zip and win32diskimager.rar files. Insert a TF card(at least 4G) into a Windows PC and run the win32diskimager utility as administrator. On the utility's main window select your TF card's drive, the wanted image file and click on "write" to start flashing the TF card.

==Work with Ubuntu-Core with Qt-Embedded==
===Run Ubuntu-Core with Qt-Embedded===
* Insert a TF card with UbuntuCore image files into your NanoPi NEO, connect the board to a 5V/2A power source the board will be automatically powered on. If you can see the blue LED flashing it means your board is working and UbuntuCore is being loaded.<br />
* If you want to do kernel development you need to use a serial communication board, ie a PSU-ONECOM board, which will allow you to operate the board via a serial terminal.<br />
* Here is a setup where we connect a NanoPi M1 to a PC via the PSU-ONECOM and you can power on your M1 from either the PSU-ONECOM or the board's MicroUSB:
[[File:PSU-ONECOM-NEO.jpg|frameless|400px|PSU-ONECOM-NEO]]
* The password for "root" is "fa".
* Update packages
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
sudo apt-get update
</syntaxhighlight>

===Ethernet Connection===
If the NanoPi NEO is connected to a network via Ethernet before it is powered on it will automatically obtain an IP after it is powered up. If it is not connected via Ethernet or its DHCP is not activated obtaining an IP will fail and system will hang on for about 15 to 60 seconds.

===Login via SSH===
The NanoPi NEO doesn't have a video output interface. You can log into the board via SSH. In our test the IP address detected by our router was 192.168.1.230 and we ran the following command to log into the NanoPi NEO:
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
ssh root@192.168.1.230
</syntaxhighlight>
The password is fa。

===Extend TF Card's Section===
We strongly recommend you to do this right after you have made an installation TF card since this will greatly enhance your NEO's experience<br>
* Solution 1: Extend your card's rootfs section under a host PC:
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
sudo umount /dev/sdx?
sudo parted /dev/sdx unit % resizepart 2 100 unit MB print
sudo resize2fs -f /dev/sdx2
</syntaxhighlight>
Note: you need to replace "/dev/sdx" with the device name in your system.<br>

* Solution 2: Extend your card's rootfs section under NEO running UbuntuCore:
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
sudo fs_resize
</syntaxhighlight>
Following the prompt type in "y" to start re-sizing the file system and a second "y" to reboot the NEO. After the NEO is rebooted check the new section by using the following command:
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
df -h
</syntaxhighlight>

===Connect USB WiFi to NEO===
Our Debian system has support for popular USB WiFi drivers. Many USB WiFi modules are plug and play with our system. Here is a list of models we tested;
::{| class="wikitable"
|-
|Number || Model       
|-
|1  ||  RTL8188CUS/8188EU 802.11n WLAN Adapter     
|-
|2  ||  RT2070 Wireless Adapter     
|- 
|3  ||  RT2870/RT3070 Wireless Adapter
|-
|4  ||  RTL8192CU Wireless Adapter
|-
|5  ||  MI WiFi mt7601
|}

===Check CPU's Working Temperature===
You can use the following command to read H3's temperature and frequency
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
cpu_freq
</syntaxhighlight>

==Make Your Own Ubuntu-Core with Qt-Embedded==
Visit [http://pan.baidu.com/s/1i5jl2XB download link] and go to the sources directory and download nanopi-H3-bsp.<br>
Use the 7-zip utility to uncompress it and a lihee directory and an Android directory will be generated. Or you can get it from our github:
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/h3_lichee.git lichee
</syntaxhighlight>
Note: "lichee" is the project name named by Allwinner for its CPU's source code which contains the source code of U-boot, Linux kernel and various scripts.

===Compile lichee Source Code===
Compilation of the H3's BSP source code must be done under a PC running a 64-bit Linux.The following cases were tested on Ubuntu-14.04 LTS-64bit:
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
sudo apt-get install gawk git gnupg flex bison gperf build-essential \
zip curl libc6-dev libncurses5-dev:i386 x11proto-core-dev \
libx11-dev:i386 libreadline6-dev:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 \
libgl1-mesa-dev g++-multilib mingw32 tofrodos \
python-markdown libxml2-utils xsltproc zlib1g-dev:i386 u-boot-tools
</syntaxhighlight>

Enter the lichee directory and un the following command to compile the whole package:
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
cd lichee
./build.sh -p sun8iw7p1 -b nanopi-h3
</syntaxhighlight>
After this compilation succeeds a u-boot, Linux kernel and kernel modules will be generated.<br>
Note: the lichee directory contains a cross-compiler we have setup. When the build.sh script runs it will automatically call this cross-compiler.

===Package System Modules===
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
./gen_script.sh nanopi-neo
</syntaxhighlight>
This command copies the generated executables including u-boot and Linux kernel and configuration files to the "lichee/tools/pack/out/" directory and generates a script.bin file.<br>
The script.bin file is designed by Allwinner for its CPUs. For more details refer to [http://linux-sunxi.org/Script.bin script.bin].

===Compile U-boot===
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
./build.sh -p sun8iw7p1 -b nanopi-h3 -m uboot
</syntaxhighlight>
After a u-boot executable is generated some extra patches need to be patched to it. Run "./build.sh pack" to patch this executable.<br>
If you want to manually patch the executable refer to [http://linux-sunxi.org/H3_Manual_build_howto H3_Manual_build_howto] and run the following commands to update the u-boot in the TF card:
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
./fuse_uboot.sh /dev/sdx
</syntaxhighlight>
Note: you need to replace "/dev/sdx" with the device name in your system.

===Compile Linux Kernel===
If you want to compile the Linux kernel run the following command:
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
./build.sh -p sun8iw7p1 -b nanopi-h3 -m kernel
</syntaxhighlight>
After the compilation is done a uImage and its kernel modules will be generated under "linux-3.4/output".

===Clean Source Code===
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
./build.sh -p sun8iw7p1_linux -b nanopi-h3 -m clean
</syntaxhighlight>

==Other OS Support==
===Armbian===
home page: http://www.armbian.com/nanopi-neo/

===FreeBSD===
Thanks to Ganbold Tsagaankhuu FreeBSD runs on NEO. He has created FreeBSD 12.0-CURRENT image and it can be downloaded from: https://www.mediafire.com/folder/bfbs771c3ajar/FreeBSD

==Resources==
* Schematics
** [http://wiki.friendlyarm.com/wiki/images/a/aa/NanoPi-NEO-1606-Schematic.pdf NanoPi-NEO-1606-Schematic.pdf]
* Dimensional Diagram
** [http://wiki.friendlyarm.com/wiki/images/9/99/NanoPi-NEO-1606-dimensions%28dxf%29.zip pcb file in dxf format]
* H3 Datesheet [http://wiki.friendlyarm.com/wiki/images/4/4b/Allwinner_H3_Datasheet_V1.2.pdf Allwinner_H3_Datasheet_V1.2.pdf]

==Update Log==
===July-07-2016===
* Released English Version

===August-09-2016===
* Added Other OS Support