View source for NanoPi R4S

[[NanoPi R4S/zh|查看中文]]

==Introduction==
[[File:NanoPi_R4S-1GB_Overview.jpg|thumb|300px|Overview]]
[[File:NanoPi_R4S-1GB_01B.jpg|thumb|300px|Front]]
[[File:NanoPi_R4S-1GB_Back.jpg|thumb|300px|Back]]
[[File:NanoPi_R4S-4GB_Front.jpg|thumb|300px|Front]]
[[File:NanoPi_R4S-4GB_Back.jpg|thumb|300px|Back]]
[[File:R4SC-01.jpg|thumb|300px|Case]]
[[File:R4SC-02.jpg|thumb|300px|Case]]
[[File:R4SC-03.jpg|thumb|300px|Case]]
[[File:R4SC-04.jpg|thumb|300px|Case]]
* The NanoPi R4S(as "R4S") is an open source platform with dual-Gbps Ethernet ports designed and developed by FriendlyElec for IoT applications.
* The NanoPi R4S uses the RK3399 SoC. It has two Gbps Ethernet ports and 1G/4G DDR4 RAM. FriendlyElec ported an OpenWrt system for it. It works with Docker CE. It is a good platform for developing IoT applications, NAS applications, smart home gateways etc.
==Hardware Spec==
* SoC: Rockchip RK3399
** CPU: big.LITTLE，Dual-Core Cortex-A72(up to 2.0GHz) + Quad-Core Cortex-A53(up to 1.5GHz)
** GPU: Mali-T864 GPU，supports OpenGL ES1.1/2.0/3.0/3.1, OpenCL, DX11, and AFBC
** VPU: 4K VP9 and 4K 10bits H265/H264 60fps decoding, Dual VOP, etc
* PMU: RK808-D PMIC, cooperated with independent DC/DC, enabling DVFS, software power-down, RTC wake-up, system sleep mode
* RAM: 1GB DDR3/4GB LPDDR4
* Flash: no Onboard eMMC
* Ethernet: one Native Gigabit Ethernet, and one PCIe Gigabit Ethernet
* USB: two USB 3.0 Type-A ports
* Pin header extension interface
** 2x5-pin header: SPI x 1, I2C x 1
** 4-pin header: USB 2.0
* microSD Slot x 1
* Debug: one Debug UART, 3 Pin 2.54mm header, 3V level, 1500000bps
* LEDs: 1 x power LED and 3 x GPIO Controlled LED (SYS, LAN, WAN)
* others: 
** 2 Pin 1.27/1.25mm RTC battery input connector
** one User Button
** one 5V Fan connector
* Power supply: DC 5V/3A, via USB-C connector or Pin header
* PCB: 8 Layer, 66 mm x 66 mm
* Temperature measuring range: 0℃ to 80℃

==Diagram, Layout and Dimension==
===Layout===
[[File:NanoPi_R4S_Layout.jpg |thumb|300px|NanoPi R4S Layout]]
[[File:NanoPi_R4S_4GB_Layout.jpg |thumb|300px|NanoPi R4S Layout]]
* '''2x5-pin header'''
::{| class="wikitable"
|-
|'''Pin#''' || '''Assignment'''          ||'''Pin#'''  || '''Assignment'''     
|-
|1    || VDD_5V  ||2     || VDD_3.3V
|-
|3    || VDD_5V      ||4     ||GPIO4_C0/I2C3_SDA(3V)
|- 
|5    || GND     ||6     || GPIO4_C1/I2C3_SCL(3V)
|-
|7    || GPIO1_B1/SPI1_CLK    ||8     || GPIO1_B0/SPI1_TXD/UART4-TX
|-
|9    || GPIO1_B2/SPI1_CSn ||10    || GPIO1_A7/SPI1_RXD/UART4-RX
|}

* '''4-pin header'''
::{| class="wikitable"
|-
|'''1''' || '''2'''    ||'''3'''  || '''4'''     
|-
| VDD_5V  || USB_DM  || USB_DP   || GND
|}

* '''Debug UART Pin Spec'''
:: 3V level signals, 1500000bps
::{| class="wikitable"
|-
|'''Pin#''' ||'''Assignment''' ||   '''Description '''   
|-
|1    || GND                 || 0V
|- 
|2   || UART2DBG_TX         || output
|-
|3   || UART2DBG_RX         || intput
|}

*'''USB Port'''
:: Each USB 3.0 port has 2A overcurrent protection.

*'''RTC'''
::RTC backup current is 27uA.
::Connector P/N: Molex 53398-0271
:'''Notes'''
::#Power Input : 5V/3A, via USB Type-C(USB PD Specification is not supported) or Pin1&Pin2 of the 2x5-pin header

===Globally unique ethernet mac address (EUI-48)===
NanoPi-R4S has a unique Mac address, which is assigned to the built-in Ethernet card (rtl8211e) by default. The network interface name is eth0, it is assigned to WAN port on FriendlyWrt OS:<br />
[[File:R4s-friendlywrt-macaddress.png|300px]]<br />
See the mac address on the command line:<br />
[[File:Friendlywrt-macaddress-ifconfig.png|300px]]<br />
How to determine whether an address is globally unique mac address:
* Check the first byte of the address. If bit 2 is 1, it means that this address is only used locally, not globally unique.
==Get Started==
===Essentials You Need===
Before starting to use your NanoPi R4S get the following items ready
* NanoPi R4S
* MicroSD Card/TF Card: Class 10 or Above, minimum 8GB SDHC
* 5V/3A and above USB Type-C interface power adapter (Note: QC/PD fast charger may have compatibility issues)， it is recommended to use the following or similar power adapter:
**[https://www.friendlyarm.com/index.php?route=product/product&path=73&product_id=238 5V 4A Power Adapter]
* If you need to develop and compile,you need a computer that can connect to the Internet. It is recommended to install Ubuntu 18.04 64-bit system and use the following script to initialize the development environment: <br />
**[https://github.com/friendlyarm/build-env-on-ubuntu-bionic How to setup the Compiling Environment on Ubuntu bionic]<br />

===Install OS===
====Download Image Files====
Go to [http://download.friendlyarm.com/nanopir4s download link] to download the image files under the officail-ROMs directory and the flashing utility under the tools directory:<br />

::{| class="wikitable"
|-
|colspan=2|Image Files:
|-
|rk3399-sd-friendlywrt-5.10-YYYYMMDD.img.zip || Based on OpenWrt and Linux-5.10 Kernel
|-
|rk3399-sd-friendlycore-lite-focal-5.10-arm64-YYYYMMDD.img.zip || Based on UbuntuCore 20.04 and Linux-5.10 Kernel
|-
|rk3399-sd-friendlycore-lite-focal-4.19-arm64-YYYYMMDD.img.zip || Based on UbuntuCore 20.04 and Linux-4.19 Kernel
|-
|colspan=2|Flashing Utility:  
|-
|win32diskimager.rar || Windows utility. Under Linux users can use "dd"
|- 
|}
{{BurnOS-Allwinner|NanoPi-R4S}}
{{FriendlyWrt21|NanoPi-R4S}}
{{OfficialUbuntuCore|NanoPi-R4S}}
===Serial port debug===
Connect to NanoPi R4S with screen :
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
screen /dev/ttyUSB0 1500000 8N1
</syntaxhighlight>

==Compile FriendlyWrt==
===Download Code===
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
mkdir friendlywrt-rk3399
cd friendlywrt-rk3399
repo init -u https://github.com/friendlyarm/friendlywrt_manifests -b master-v21.02 -m rk3399.xml --repo-url=https://github.com/friendlyarm/repo  --no-clone-bundle
repo sync -c  --no-clone-bundle
</syntaxhighlight>
===1-key Compile===
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
./build.sh nanopi_r4s.mk
</syntaxhighlight>
All the components (including u-boot, kernel, and friendlywrt) are compiled and the sd card image will be generated.
===Recompile u-boot, kernel or friendlywrt===
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
./build.sh uboot
./build.sh kernel
./build.sh friendlywrt
</syntaxhighlight>
===Repackaged into firmware===
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
./build.sh sd-img
</syntaxhighlight>
* For more details, please refer to the following link:
** [[How to Build FriendlyWrt/zh]]
==Compile FriendlyCore-Focal ==
{{RK3399-DevEnv|NanoPi-R4S}}
===Easy way to compile kernel and uboot for FriendlyCore-Focal OS ===
====Download tools and firmware====
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3399.git -b kernel-4.19
cd sd-fuse_rk3399
wget http://112.124.9.243/dvdfiles/RK3399/images-for-eflasher/friendlycore-focal-arm64-images.tgz
tar xvzf friendlycore-focal-arm64-images.tgz
</syntaxhighlight>
====Compile the kernel====
Download the kernel source code and compile it. the relevant image files in the friendlycore-focal-arm64 directory will be automatically updated, including the kernel modules in the file system:
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/kernel-rockchip --depth 1 -b nanopi4-v4.19.y kernel-rk3399
KERNEL_SRC=$PWD/kernel-rk3399 ./build-kernel.sh friendlycore-focal-arm64
</syntaxhighlight>
====Compile the uboot====
Download the uboot source code and compile it. the relevant image files in the friendlycore-focal-arm64 directory will be automatically updated:
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/uboot-rockchip --depth 1 -b nanopi4-v2017.09
UBOOT_SRC=$PWD/uboot-rockchip ./build-uboot.sh friendlycore-focal-arm64
</syntaxhighlight>
====Generate new firmware====
Repackage the image file in the friendlycore-focal-arm64 directory into sd card firmware:
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
./mk-sd-image.sh friendlycore-focal-arm64
</syntaxhighlight>
After the command is completed, the firmware is in the out directory, you can use the dd command to make the SD boot card, for example:
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
dd if=out/rk3399-sd-friendlycore-focal-4.19-arm64-YYYYMMDD.img of=/dev/sdX bs=1M
</syntaxhighlight>
===Compile kernel and uboot for FriendlyCore-Focal OS in normal way===
====Compile FriendlyCore-Focal's Kernel-4.19 Source Code====
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/kernel-rockchip --depth 1 -b nanopi4-v4.19.y kernel-rockchip
cd kernel-rockchip
make distclean
touch .scmversion
export PATH=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/6.4-aarch64/bin/:$PATH
make ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux- nanopi4_linux_defconfig
make ARCH=arm64 CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux- nanopi4-images
</syntaxhighlight>
After compilation is done a kernel.img and a resource.img will be generated，you can use the tool [https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd_update-bin sd_update] to burn them to TF card or eMMC.

====Compile FriendlyCore-Focal's uboot-2017.09 Source Code====
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
[ -d rkbin ] || git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/rkbin
(cd rkbin && git reset 25de1a8bffb1e971f1a69d1aa4bc4f9e3d352ea3 --hard)
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/uboot-rockchip --depth 1 -b nanopi4-v2017.09
cd uboot-rockchip
make distclean
export PATH=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/6.4-aarch64/bin/:$PATH
./make.sh nanopi4
</syntaxhighlight>

After compilation is done a uboot.img, a trust.img and a rk3399_loader_v1.24.126.bin will be generated. You need to rename the rk3399_loader_v1.24.126.bin to "MiniLoaderAll.bin"，you can use the tool [https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd_update-bin sd_update] to burn them to TF card or eMMC.
===Make Bootable SD Card for Mass Production===
If you need to make a bootable SD card for mass production you can refer to this github link:<br />
[https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3399/tree/kernel-4.19 sd-fuse_rk3399]<br />

{{MoreOS}}
==Link to Rockchip Resources==
{{Link_to_RK3399_datasheet}}
==Schematic, PCB CAD File==
*Schematic:  [https://wiki.friendlyarm.com/wiki/images/0/06/NanoPi-R4S-1GB-2008-Schematic.pdf NanoPi-R4S-1GB-2008-Schematic.pdf] [https://wiki.friendlyarm.com/wiki/images/c/c2/NanoPi-R4S-4GB-2008-Schematic.pdf NanoPi-R4S-4GB-2008-Schematic.pdf]
*PCB CAD File：[https://wiki.friendlyarm.com/wiki/images/a/ab/NanoPi_R4S_1GB_2008_dxf.zip NanoPi_R4S_1GB_2008_dxf.zip] [https://wiki.friendlyarm.com/wiki/images/1/18/NanoPi_R4S_4GB_2008_dxf.zip NanoPi_R4S_1GB_2008_dxf.zip]
==Known Issues List==
** Q: UGREEN 18W QC power adapter cannot power R4S?
** A: It needs to wait for a few seconds to work normally.
==Update Log==
===2021-10-29===
====FriendlyWrt：====
* FriendlyWrt has been updated to the official stable version 21.02.1, features are basically the same as 19.07.5, support docker, usb wifi, etc.
===2021-08-31===
====FriendlyWrt：====
* Upgraded kernel to 5.10.60
* Add a high-speed 5G USB WiFi support, the network card model is Comfast CF-WU782AC V2, the chip model is MediaTek MT7662
* Improved USB WiFi compatibility
* Improved PWM fan support, fan controlled by kernel drive, temperature control support（Please search for "PWM fans" on the R4S WiKi page for details)
* Improved stability on first boot (previous version, bpfilter error occurred in some cases on first boot)
===2020-12-23===
* FriendlyWrt has been updated to the official stable version 19.07.5