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| − | [[WiringNP: NanoPi NEO/NEO2/Air GPIO Programming with C/zh|查看中文]] | + | [[WiringPi for RK3399/zh|查看中文]] |
| | | | |
| − | ==Introduction to WiringPi==
| + | 待翻译，请查看中文版本 |
| − | The wiringPi library was initially developed by Gordon Henderson in C. It contains libraries to access GPIO, I2C, SPI, UART, PWM and etc.<br />
| + | |
| − | The wiringPi library contains various libraries, header files and a commandline utility:gpio. The gpio utility can be used to read and write GPIO pins.<br />
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ==Introduction to WiringNP==
| + | |
| − | The wiringPi library was initially developed for BCM2835, and later migrated to Allwinner H3 and renamed as WiringNP. Now the WiringNP works with FriendlyElec's [[NanoPi M1]], [[NanoPi NEO]] and [[NanoPi NEO2]]. The first version was made by [https://github.com/wertyzp wertyzp]. FriendlyElec developed a version for Allwinner H5 based NanoPi NEO2.<br />
| + | |
| − | <br />
| + | |
| − | Here is WiringNP's project page: https://github.com/friendlyarm/WiringNP<br />
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ==Install WiringNP on NEO/NEO2==
| + | |
| − | Log into your nano board via SSH, open a terminal and install the WiringNP library by running the following commands:<br />
| + | |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| + | |
| − | git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/WiringNP
| + | |
| − | cd WiringNP/
| + | |
| − | chmod 755 build
| + | |
| − | ./build
| + | |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ==Install WiringNP on NanoPi M1==
| + | |
| − | Log into your nano board via SSH, open a terminal and install the WiringNP library by running the following commands:<br />
| + | |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| + | |
| − | git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/WiringNP
| + | |
| − | cd WiringNP/
| + | |
| − | git checkout nanopi-m1
| + | |
| − | chmod 755 build
| + | |
| − | ./build
| + | |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ==== Verify WiringNP ====
| + | |
| − | The WiringNP library contains a set of gpio commands. Users can use them to access the GPIO pins on a nano board. You can verify your WiringNP by running the following command:
| + | |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| + | |
| − | gpio readall
| + | |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| + | |
| − | If your installation is successful the following messages will show up. Here is the message list for NEO2:
| + | |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| + | |
| − | root@FriendlyARM:~# gpio readall
| + | |
| − | +-----+-----+----------+------+---+-NanoPi NEO/NEO2--+------+----------+-----+-----+
| + | |
| − | | BCM | wPi | Name | Mode | V | Physical | V | Mode | Name | wPi | BCM |
| + | |
| − | +-----+-----+----------+------+---+----++----+---+------+----------+-----+-----+
| + | |
| − | | | | 3.3V | | | 1 || 2 | | | 5V | | |
| + | |
| − | | 12 | 8 | GPIOA12 | OFF | 0 | 3 || 4 | | | 5V | | |
| + | |
| − | | 11 | 9 | GPIOA11 | OFF | 0 | 5 || 6 | | | 0v | | |
| + | |
| − | | 203 | 7 | GPIOG11 | OUT | 1 | 7 || 8 | 0 | OFF | GPIOG6 | 15 | 198 |
| + | |
| − | | | | 0v | | | 9 || 10 | 0 | OFF | GPIOG7 | 16 | 199 |
| + | |
| − | | 0 | 0 | GPIOA0 | OFF | 0 | 11 || 12 | 0 | OFF | GPIOA6 | 1 | 6 |
| + | |
| − | | 2 | 2 | GPIOA2 | OFF | 0 | 13 || 14 | | | 0v | | |
| + | |
| − | | 3 | 3 | GPIOA3 | OFF | 0 | 15 || 16 | 0 | OFF | GPIOG8 | 4 | 200 |
| + | |
| − | | | | 3.3v | | | 17 || 18 | 0 | OFF | GPIOG9 | 5 | 201 |
| + | |
| − | | 64 | 12 | GPIOC0 | OFF | 0 | 19 || 20 | | | 0v | | |
| + | |
| − | | 65 | 13 | GPIOC1 | OFF | 0 | 21 || 22 | 0 | OFF | GPIOA1 | 6 | 1 |
| + | |
| − | | 66 | 14 | GPIOC2 | OFF | 0 | 23 || 24 | 0 | OFF | GPIOC3 | 10 | 67 |
| + | |
| − | +-----+-----+----------+------+---+----++----+---+------+----------+-----+-----+
| + | |
| − | | BCM | wPi | Name | Mode | V | Physical | V | Mode | Name | wPi | BCM |
| + | |
| − | +-----+-----+----------+------+---+-NanoPi NEO/NEO2--+------+----------+-----+-----+
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | +-----+----NanoPi NEO/NEO2 Debug UART-+----+
| + | |
| − | | BCM | wPi | Name | Mode | V | Ph |
| + | |
| − | +-----+-----+----------+------+---+----+
| + | |
| − | | 4 | 17 | GPIOA4 | ALT5 | 0 | 37 |
| + | |
| − | | 5 | 18 | GPIOA5 | ALT4 | 0 | 38 |
| + | |
| − | +-----+-----+----------+------+---+----+
| + | |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | <!---
| + | |
| − | ==Map NanoPi M1's GPIO Pins to WiringNP's Indexes==
| + | |
| − | In the previous section we got a list by running "gpio readall". In the list the "Physical" column stands for the M1's GPIO pins' indexes from 1 to 40<br />
| + | |
| − | The "wPi" column stands for the indexes when users use WiringNP to access GPIO pins. Here is the numbering scheme for all NanoPi M1's GPIO pins to wPi's indexes:<br />
| + | |
| − | [[File:WiringNP-GPIO-ALL.jpg|frameless|600px]]
| + | |
| − | --->
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ==Code Sample with WiringNP==
| + | |
| − | Here is a setup to connect a [[Matrix - LED]] module to a NanoPi NEO2:<br>
| + | |
| − | [[File:WiringNP-LED-Demo.jpg|frameless|300px|WiringNP-LED-Demo]]<br />
| + | |
| − | Here is the connection:<br/>
| + | |
| − | {| class="wikitable"
| + | |
| − | |-
| + | |
| − | |Matrix-LED || NanoPi M1
| + | |
| − | |-
| + | |
| − | |S || Pin7
| + | |
| − | |-
| + | |
| − | |V || Pin4
| + | |
| − | |-
| + | |
| − | |G || Pin6
| + | |
| − | |}
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | We will show how to use WiringNP to control a LED module.<br />
| + | |
| − | In the following code samples index 7 stands for Pin7. We will use "7" to access this physical pin.<br />
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| − | | + | |
| − | === C Source Code ===
| + | |
| − | Make a C source file:
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| + | |
| − | vi test.c
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| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| + | |
| − | Type the following lines:
| + | |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="c">
| + | |
| − | #include <wiringPi.h>
| + | |
| − | int main(void)
| + | |
| − | {
| + | |
| − | wiringPiSetup() ;
| + | |
| − | pinMode (7, OUTPUT) ;
| + | |
| − | for(;;)
| + | |
| − | {
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| − | digitalWrite(7, HIGH) ;
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| − | delay (500) ;
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| − | digitalWrite(7, LOW) ;
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| − | delay (500) ;
| + | |
| − | }
| + | |
| − | }
| + | |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| + | |
| − | Compile and run "test.c":
| + | |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| + | |
| − | gcc -Wall -o test test.c -lwiringPi -lpthread
| + | |
| − | sudo ./test
| + | |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| + | |
| − | You can see the LED is blinking.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ===PWM Code Sample===
| + | |
| − | The PWM pin in NanoPi NEO/NEO2 is multiplexing which can be set to either PWM or SerialPort0. To set this pin to PWM you need to run "sudo npi-config" and enter the "Advanced Options" menu to Enable/Disable PWM. Note: after PWM is enabled SerialPort0 will not be accessed and you need to login your board via SSH.<br />
| + | |
| − | <br />
| + | |
| − | Here is a hardware setup to connect a [[Matrix - Buzzer]] to a NanoPi NEO2:<br />
| + | |
| − | [[File:WiringNP-PWM-Demo.jpg|frameless|300px|WiringNP-PWM-Demo]]<br />
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Create a source file in C:<br/>
| + | |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| + | |
| − | vi pwmtest.c
| + | |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| + | |
| − | Type the following code:
| + | |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="c">
| + | |
| − | #include <wiringPi.h>
| + | |
| − | #include <stdio.h>
| + | |
| − | #include <stdlib.h>
| + | |
| − | #include <stdint.h>
| + | |
| − | int main (void)
| + | |
| − | {
| + | |
| − | int l ;
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| − | printf ("PWM test program\n") ;
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | //using wiringPi Pin Number
| + | |
| − | int pin = 18;
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| − | if (wiringPiSetup () == -1)
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| − | exit (1) ;
| + | |
| − |
| + | |
| − | /*
| + | |
| − | //using Physical Pin Number
| + | |
| − | int pin = 38;
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| − | if (wiringPiSetupPhys() == -1)
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| − | exit (1) ;
| + | |
| − | */
| + | |
| − |
| + | |
| − | /*
| + | |
| − | //using BCM Pin Number
| + | |
| − | int pin = 5;
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| − | if (wiringPiSetupGpio() == -1)
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| − | exit (1);
| + | |
| − | */
| + | |
| − |
| + | |
| − | pinMode (pin, PWM_OUTPUT);
| + | |
| − | for (;;) {
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| − | for (l = 0 ; l < 1024 ; ++l) {
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| − | pwmWrite (pin, l) ;
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| − | delay (1) ;
| + | |
| − | }
| + | |
| − | for (l = 1023 ; l >= 0 ; --l) {
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| − | pwmWrite (pin, l) ;
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| − | delay (1) ;
| + | |
| − | }
| + | |
| − | }
| + | |
| − | return 0 ;
| + | |
| − | }
| + | |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| + | |
| − | Compile the pwmtest.c file and run the generated executable:
| + | |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| + | |
| − | gcc -Wall -o pwmtest pwmtest.c -lwiringPi -lpthread
| + | |
| − | ./pwmtest
| + | |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| + | |
| − | Connect a PWM beeper to a NEO/NEO2 and the beeper will sound.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | === Shell Script ===
| + | |
| − | Make a shell script:
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| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| + | |
| − | vi test.sh
| + | |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| + | |
| − | Type the following lines:
| + | |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| + | |
| − | LED=7
| + | |
| − | gpio mode $LED out
| + | |
| − | while true; do
| + | |
| − | gpio write $LED 1
| + | |
| − | sleep 0.5
| + | |
| − | gpio write $LED 0
| + | |
| − | sleep 0.5
| + | |
| − | done
| + | |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| + | |
| − | Run the script:
| + | |
| − | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash">
| + | |
| − | sudo source test.sh
| + | |
| − | </syntaxhighlight>
| + | |
| − | You can see the LED is blinking.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ==Popular WiringNP APIs==
| + | |
| − | Note:most of the descriptions for the following functions are from http://wiringpi.com/. To get more details refer to http://wiringpi.com/.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | === Initialization ===
| + | |
| − | ==== wiringPiSetup (void) ====
| + | |
| − | This initializes wiringPi and assumes that the calling program is going to use the wiringPi pin numbering scheme. The numbering scheme can be checked by running "gpio readall".<br />
| + | |
| − | You must be root to call this function.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ==== int wiringPiSetupGpio(void) ====
| + | |
| − | This function is the same as the above one, however it allows the calling program to use the SoC's GPIO pin numbers directly without re-mapping.<br />
| + | |
| − | You must be root to call this function.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ==== int wiringPiSetupPhys (void) ====
| + | |
| − | This function is the same as "wiringPiSetup", however it allows the calling program to use the physical pin numbers on the P1 connector only.<br />
| + | |
| − | You must be root to call this function.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ==== int wiringPiSetupSys (void) ====
| + | |
| − | This function initializes wiringPi but uses the /sys/class/gpio interface rather than accessing the hardware directly.<br/>
| + | |
| − | This can be called as a non-root user provided the GPIO pins have been exported before-hand using the gpio program.<br/>
| + | |
| − | In this mode you can only use the pins which have been exported via the /sys/class/gpio interface before you run your program.<br/>
| + | |
| − | You can do this in a separate shell script, or by using the system() function from inside your program to call the gpio program.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | === Core Functions ===
| + | |
| − | ==== void pinMode (int pin, int mode) ====
| + | |
| − | This function sets the mode of a pin to either INPUT, OUTPUT, PWM_OUTPUT or GPIO_CLOCK.<br/>
| + | |
| − | This function has no effect when in Sys mode.<br/>
| + | |
| − | If you need to change the pin mode you can do it with the gpio program in a script before you start your program.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ==== void pullUpDnControl (int pin, int pud) ====
| + | |
| − | This function sets the pull-up or pull-down resistor mode on the given pin, which should be set as an input.<br />
| + | |
| − | Unlike the Arduino the NanoPi M1 has both pull-up an down internal resistors.<br />
| + | |
| − | The parameter pud should be; PUD_OFF, (no pull up/down), PUD_DOWN (pull to ground) or PUD_UP (pull to 3.3v).<br />
| + | |
| − | The internal pull up/down resistors have a value of approximately 100KΩ on the NanoPi M1.<br />
| + | |
| − | This function has no effect on the M1's GPIO pins when in Sys mode.<br />
| + | |
| − | If you need to activate a pull-up/pull-down you can do it with the gpio program in a script before you start your program.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ==== void digitalWrite (int pin, int value) ====
| + | |
| − | This function is used to write the value HIGH or LOW (1 or 0) to the given pin which should have been previously set as an output.<br />
| + | |
| − | WiringPi treats any non-zero number as HIGH, however 0 is the only representation of LOW.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ==== void pwmWrite (int pin, int value) ====
| + | |
| − | This function is used to write a value to the PWM register for a given pin. The range is 0-1024. Other PWM devices may have other PWM ranges.<br />
| + | |
| − | This function is not able to control the M1's on-board PWM when in Sys mode.<br />
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ==== digitalRead(int pin); ====
| + | |
| − | This function returns the value read at a given pin. It will be HIGH or LOW (1 or 0) depending on the logic level at the pin.<br />
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ==== analogRead (int pin) ; ====
| + | |
| − | This function returns the value read on a supplied analog input pin. You will need to register additional analog modules to enable this function for devices such as the Gertboard, quick2Wire analog board, etc.<br />
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ==== analogWrite (int pin, int value) ; ====
| + | |
| − | This function writes a given value to a supplied analog pin. You will need to register additional analog modules to enable this function for devices such as the Gertboard.<br/>
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ==Update Log==
| + | |
| − | ===December-31-2016===
| + | |
| − | * Released English Version
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ===May-16-2017===
| + | |
| − | * Updated section 2 by adding support for H5 based NEO2
| + | |
| − | * Added section 4 by adding support for H5 based NEO2
| + | |
| − | * Added section 5.2: code sample on how to access a PWM device
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ===May-17-2017===
| + | |
| − | * Updated section 4 by adding installation steps for M1
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ===May-24-2017===
| + | |
| − | * Updated section 5.2 by adding a PWM code sample for NEO2
| + | |
