Building U-boot and Linux for H5/H3/H2+
Contents
1 Introduction to Mainline
Linux kernel distributions have several lines. The Mainline is maintained by Linus. Other variants and distributions are maintained by various groups and organizations. All the variants and distributions are submitted to Linux and will be merged to the Mainline. The latest mainline of U-boot and Linux kernel already has support for H3 SoC. FriendlyElec customized the latest mainline u-boot and Linux kernel and made that u-boot and kernel work for all FriendlyElec's H3 boards.
2 Make an Installation SD Card
2.1 Download Image Files
Visit this download link to download the image files under the "officail-ROMs" directory and flashing utility under the "tools" directory:
Image Files h3-mainline-ubuntu-core-qte-sd4g.img.zip Ubuntu-Core with Qt-Embedded Image File, for NanoPi NEO Only Flash Utility: win32diskimager.rar Windows utility. Under Linux users can use "dd"
2.2 Make an Installation TF Card with Ubuntu-Core with Qt-Embedded
Extract the h3-mainline-ubuntu-core-qte-sd4g.img.zip and win32diskimager.rar. Insert a TF card(at least 8G) into a Windows PC and run the win32diskimager utility as administrator. On the utility's main window select your TF card's drive, the wanted image file and click on "write" to start flashing the SD card till it is done.Insert this card into your H3 board's MicroSD card slot and power on (with a 5V/2A power source). If the green LED is on and blue LED is blinking this indicates your board has successfully booted.
3 Mainline ROM Features
3.1 Ubuntu-Core with Qt-Embedded
Index NanoPi NEO 1 U-boot-2017.03 and Linux-4.10.y 2 Dynamic CPU frequency and voltage scaling 3 100M Ethernet, Fixed MAC address 4 1 x USB Host 5 Good support for various USB WiFi chips 6 支持第一次开机自动扩展文件系统 7 支持开机修复文件系统
4 如何编译
4.1 安装交叉编译器
首先下载并解压编译器:
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/prebuilts.git sudo mkdir -p /opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain sudo tar xf prebuilts/gcc-x64/arm-cortexa9-linux-gnueabihf-4.9.3.tar.xz -C /opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/
然后将编译器的路径加入到PATH中，用vi编辑vi ~/.bashrc，在末尾加入以下内容：
export PATH=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/4.9.3/bin:$PATH export GCC_COLORS=auto
执行一下~/.bashrc脚本让设置立即在当前shell窗口中生效，注意"."后面有个空格：
. ~/.bashrc这个编译器是64位的，不能在32位的Linux系统上运行，安装完成后，你可以快速的验证是否安装成功：
arm-linux-gcc -v Using built-in specs. COLLECT_GCC=arm-linux-gcc COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/4.9.3/libexec/gcc/arm-cortexa9-linux-gnueabihf/4.9.3/lto-wrapper Target: arm-cortexa9-linux-gnueabihf Configured with: /work/toolchain/build/src/gcc-4.9.3/configure --build=x86_64-build_pc-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-build_pc-linux-gnu --target=arm-cortexa9-linux-gnueabihf --prefix=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/4.9.3 --with-sysroot=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/4.9.3/arm-cortexa9-linux-gnueabihf/sys-root --enable-languages=c,c++ --with-arch=armv7-a --with-tune=cortex-a9 --with-fpu=vfpv3 --with-float=hard ... Thread model: posix gcc version 4.9.3 (ctng-1.21.0-229g-FA)
4.2 编译U-boot
下载U-boot源码，切换到分支master-h3:
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/uboot.git cd u-boot git checkout master-h3
编译U-boot:
make nanopi_h3_defconfig make
更新SD上的U-boot:
dd if=u-boot-sunxi-with-spl.bin of=/dev/sdX bs=1024 seek=8
/dev/sdx请替换为实际的TF卡设备文件名。
4.3 编译Linux内核
下载Linux内核源码:
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/linux.git cd linux git checkout h3-4.10.y
编译Linux内核:
touch .scmversion make sunxi_defconfig make zImage dtbs
编译完成后会在arch/arm/boot/目录下生成zImage，并且在arch/arm/boot/dts/目录下生成dtb文件。
假设SD卡的boot分区挂载在/media/SD/boot/，更新SD卡上的zImage和dtb文件:
cp arch/arm/boot/zImage /media/SD/boot/ cp arch/arm/boot/dts/sun8i-h3-nanopi*.dtb /media/SD/boot/
