Difference between revisions of "NanoPC-T2"
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===Make an Installation SD Card=== | ===Make an Installation SD Card=== | ||
====Boot NanoPC-T2 from SD Card==== | ====Boot NanoPC-T2 from SD Card==== | ||
− | Get the following files from here [https://www.mediafire.com/folder/ilkcy37otd7il/ | + | Get the following files from here [https://www.mediafire.com/folder/ilkcy37otd7il/S5P4418 download link]:<br/> |
* Get a 4G SDHC card and backup its data if necessary.<br/> | * Get a 4G SDHC card and backup its data if necessary.<br/> | ||
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Revision as of 02:54, 11 October 2016
Contents
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Features
- 3 Diagram, Layout and Dimension
- 4 Notes in Hardware Design
- 5 Get Started
- 6 Working with Debian
- 7 Make Your Own OS Image
- 8 Connect NanoPC-T2 to External Modules
- 9 Access Serial Interface in Android
- 10 More OS Support
- 11 Source Code and Image Files Download Links
- 12 Resources
- 13 Tech Support
- 14 Update Log
1 Introduction
- The NanoPC-T2 quad core Cortex A9 single board computer is designed and developed by FriendlyARM for professional and enterprise users. It uses the Samsung Quad Core Cortex-A9 S5P4418 SoC with dynamic frequency scaling up to 1.4GHz. Compared to FriendlyARM's existing 4418 based boards the NanoPC-T2 has 8G eMMC onboard, audio jack and video input/output interfaces. Compared to its predecessor the NanoPC-T1 the NanoPC-T2 has built-in WiFi, Bluetooth and Gbps Ethernet port. In addition the NanoPC-T2 has power management which the NanoPC-T1 doesn't support. To avoid overheat issues the NanoPC-T2 has a heat sink with mounting posts.
- The NanoPC-T2 combines all the ports and interfaces the existing FriendlyARM 4418 boards have. Currently it has the most interfaces and ports among all existing ARM boards of this size. Its rich video interfaces and support for HDMI 1080P enable it to work with not only popular display devices but also various FriendlyARM LCDs (both resistive touch and capacitive touch).
- The NanoPC-T2 is FriendlyARM's most complete solution based on Samsung 4418 for both commercial and industrial applications.
2 Features
- SoC: Samsung S5P4418 Quad Core Cortex-A9 with dynamic frequency scaling up to 1.4G Hz
- Power Management Unit: AXP228 PMU, it supports software power-off and wake-up.
- System Memory: 1GB 32bit DDR3 RAM
- eMMC: 8GB
- Storage: 1 x SD Card Slot
- Ethernet: Gbps Ethernet Port (RTL8211E) with unique MAC
- WiFi: 802.11b/g/n
- Bluetooth: 4.0 dual mode
- Antenna: Porcelain Antenna IPX Interface
- Video Input: DVP Camera/MIPI-CSI (two camera interfaces)
- Video Output: HDMI Type-A / LVDS / LCD / MIPI DSI (four video output interfaces)
- Audio: 3.5 mm audio jack / via HDMI
- Microphone: 1 x onboard Microphone
- USB: 4 x USB 2.0 Host, two standard type A ports and two 2.54mm pitch pin headers
- MicroUSB: 1 x MicroUSB 2.0 Client, Type A
- LCD Interface: 0.5mm pitch 45 pin FPC seat, full color RGB 8-8-8
- HDMI: 1.4A Type A, 1080P
- DVP Camera: 0.5mm pitch 24 pin FPC seat
- GPIO: 2.54 mm pitch 30 pin header
- Serial Debug Port: 2.54mm pitch 4pin header
- LED: 1 x power LED , 2 x GPIO LED
- User Key: 1 x K1 (power), 1 x Reset
- Other Resource: 1 x onboard thermistor
- RTC Battery: RTC Seat Pins
- Power: DC 5V/2A
- Heat Sink: 1 x Heat Sink with mounting holes
- PCB: Six Layer, ENIG
- PCB Dimension: 100 mm x 60 mm
- OS/Software: u-boot, Android 4.4, Android5.1 and Debian8
3 Diagram, Layout and Dimension
3.1 Layout
- 30Pin GPIO Pin Spec
Pin# Name Pin# Name 1 SYS_3.3V 2 DGND 3 UART2_TX/GPIOD20 4 UART2_RX/GPIOD16 5 I2C0_SCL 6 I2C0_SDA 7 SPI0_MOSI/GPIOC31 8 SPI0_MISO/GPIOD0 9 SPI0_CLK/GPIOC29 10 SPI0_CS/GPIOC30 11 UART3_TX/GPIOD21 12 UART3_RX/GPIOD17 13 UART4_TX/GPIOB29 14 UART4_RX/GPIOB28 15 GPIOB31 16 GPIOB30 17 GPIOC4 18 GPIOC7 19 GPIOC8 20 GPIOC24 21 GPIOC28 22 GPIOB26 23 GPIOD1/PWM0 24 GPIOD8/PPM 25 GPIOC13/PWM1 26 AliveGPIO3 27 GPIOC14/PWM2 28 AliveGPIO5 29 VDD_5V 30 DGND
- 20Pin LVDS Interface Pin Spec
Pin# Name Pin# Name 1 SYS_3.3V 2 SYS_3.3V 3 GPIOC16 4 GPIOB18 5 DGND 6 DGND 7 LVDS_D0- 8 LVDS_D0+ 9 LVDS_D1- 10 LVDS_D1+ 11 LVDS_D2- 12 LVDS_D2+ 13 DGND 14 DGND 15 LVDS_CLK- 16 LVDS_CLK+ 17 LVDS_D3- 18 LVDS_D3+ 19 I2C2_SCL 20 I2C2_SDA
- DVP Camera Interface Pin Spec
Pin# Name 1, 2 SYS_3.3V 7,9,13,15,24 DGND 3 I2C0_SCL 4 I2C0_SDA 5 GPIOB14 6 GPIOB16 8,10 NC 11 VSYNC 12 HREF 14 PCLK 16-23 Data bit7-0
- RGB LCD IF Pin Spec
Pin# Name Description 1, 2 VDD_5V 5V Output, it can be used to power LCD modules 11,20,29, 37,38,39,40, 45 DGND Ground 3-10 Blue LSB to MSB RGB blue 12-19 Green LSB to MSB RGB green 21-28 Red LSB to MSB RGB red 30 GPIOB25 available for users 31 GPIOC15 occupied by FriendlyARM one wire technology to recognize LCD models and control backlight and implement resistive touch, not applicable for users 32 XnRSTOUT Form CPU low when system is reset 33 VDEN signal the external LCD that data is valid on the data bus 34 VSYNC vertical synchronization 35 HSYNC horizontal synchronization 36 LCDCLK LCD clock, Pixel frequency 41 I2C2_SCL I2C2 clock signal, for capacitive touch data transmission 42 I2C2_SDA I2C2 data signal, for capacitive touch data transmission 43 GPIOC16 interrupt pin for capacitive touch, used with I2C2 44 NC Not connected
- MIPI-DSI Interface Pin Spec
Pin# Name 1, 2, 3 VDD_5V 4 DGND 5 I2C2_SDA 6 I2C2_SCL 7 DGND 8 GPIOC0 9 DGND 10 GPIOC1 11 DGND 12 GPIOA28 13 nRESETOUT 14, 15 DGND 16 MIPIDSI_DN3 17 MIPIDSI_DP3 18 DGND 19 MIPIDSI_DN2 20 MIPIDSI_DP2 21 DGND 22 MIPIDSI_DN1 23 MIPIDSI_DP1 24 DGND 25 MIPIDSI_DN0 26 MIPIDSI_DP0 27 DGND 28 MIPIDSI_DNCLK 29 MIPIDSI_DPCLK 30 DGND
- MIPI-CSI Interface Pin Spec
Pin# Name 1, 2 SYS_3.3V 3 DGND 4 I2C0_SDA 5 I2C0_SCL 6 DGND 7 SPI2_MOSI/GPIOC12 8 SPI2_MISO/GPIOC11 9 SPI2_CS/GPIOC10 10 SPI2_CLK/GPIOC9 11 DGND 12 GPIOB9 13 GPIOC2 14, 15 DGND 16 MIPICSI_DN3 17 MIPICSI_DP3 18 DGND 19 MIPICSI_DN2 20 MIPICSI_DP2 21 DGND 22 MIPICSI_DN1 23 MIPICSI_DP1 24 DGND 25 MIPICSI_DN0 26 MIPICSI_DP0 27 DGND 28 MIPICSI_DNCLK 29 MIPICSI_DPCLK 30 DGND
- Note:
- SYS_3.3V: 3.3V power output
- VDD_5V: 5V power output
- For more details refer to the document: NanoPC-T2_1601B_Schematic.pdf
3.2 Board Dimension
- For more details refer to the document: NanoPC-T2-Dimensions(dxf)
- Power Jack
4 Notes in Hardware Design
4.1 EEPROM
- The board has an EEPROM(model: 24AA025E48T-I/OT) with a unique MAC. This EEPROM is connected to I2C0 and its address is 0x51 therefore some EEPROM chips cannot be connected to I2C0 which will cause conflicts of addresses.
- In our tests these EEPROM chips cannot be connected to I2C0: 24C04, 24C08 and 24C16. There chips which we tested can be connected to I2C0: 24C01, 24C02 and 24C256
- For more details about EEPROM address issues refer to http://www.onsemi.com/pub_link/Collateral/CAT24C01-D.PDF
5 Get Started
5.1 Essentials You Need
Before starting to use your NanoPC-T2 get the following items ready
- NanoPC-T2
- SD Card: Class 10 or Above, minimum 8GB SDHC
- A DC 5V/2A power is a must
- HDMI monitor or LCD
- USB keyboard, mouse and possible a USB hub(or a TTL to serial board)
- A host computer running Ubuntu 14.04 64 bit system
5.2 Make an Installation SD Card
5.2.1 Boot NanoPC-T2 from SD Card
Get the following files from here download link:
- Get a 4G SDHC card and backup its data if necessary.
Image Files s5p4418-debian-sd4g-YYYYMMDD.img.zip Debian image file with X Window s5p4418-debian-wifiap-sd4g-YYYYMMDD.img.zip Debian image file with X Window and WiFi configured as AP s5p4418-kitkat-sd4g-YYYYMMDD.img.zip Android4.4 image file with support for 4G LTE s5p4418-android-sd4g-YYYYMMDD.img.zip Android5.1 image file s5p4418-core-qte-sd4g-YYYYMMDD.img.zip Ubuntu core with Qt Embedded Flash Utility: win32diskimager.rar Windows utility. Under Linux users can use "dd"
- Uncompress these files. Insert an SD card(at least 4G) into a Windows PC and run the win32diskimager utility as administrator. On the utility's main window select your SD card's drive, the wanted image file and click on "write" to start flashing the SD card.
- Insert this card into your NanoPC-T2's boot slot, press and hold the boot key and power on (with a 5V/2A power source). If the PWR LED is on and LED1 is blinking this indicates your NanoPC-T2 has successfully booted.
5.2.2 Flash image to eMMC with eflasher
- Download eflasher
Get the eflasher utility s5p4418-eflasher-sd8g-xxx-full.img.7z
This package includes a Ubuntu Core, Debian, Android 5 and Android 4.4 image files;
Get the Windows utility: win32diskimager.rar;
- Flash eflasher Image
Extract the .7z package and you will get .img files.Insert an SD card(at least 4G) into a Windows PC and run the win32diskimager utility as administrator. On the utility's main window select your SD card's drive, the wanted image file and click on "write" to start flashing the SD card.
If your PC runs Linux you can use the dd command to flash a .img file to the SD card;
- Flash image to eMMC
Insert this card into your NanoPC-T2, connect the board to an HDMI monitor or an LCD, press and hold the boot key and power on (with a 5V/2A power source) the board. After your board is powered on you will see multiple OS options and you can select an OS to start installation.
5.2.3 Make Installation Card under Linux Desktop
- 1) Insert your SD card into a host computer running Ubuntu and check your SD card's device name
dmesg | tail
Search the messages output by "dmesg" for similar words like "sdc: sdc1 sdc2". If you can find them it means your SD card has been recognized as "/dev/sdc". Or you can check that by commanding "cat /proc/partitions"
- 2) Downlaod Linux script
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_nanopi2.git cd sd-fuse_nanopi2
- 3) Make Android SD Card
su ./fusing.sh /dev/sdx
(Note: you need to replace "/dev/sdx" with the device name in your system)
When you run the script for the first time it will prompt you to download an image you have to hit “Y” within 10 seconds otherwise you will miss the download
- 4) Here is how to make a Debian SD card
./fusing.sh /dev/sdx debian
5.2.4 Extend NanoPC-T2's SD Card Section
- When Debian/Ubuntu is loaded the SD card's section will be automatically extended.
- When Android is loaded you need to run the following commands on your host PC to extend your SD card's section:
sudo umount /dev/sdx? sudo parted /dev/sdx unit % resizepart 4 100 resizepart 7 100 unit MB print sudo resize2fs -f /dev/sdx7
(Note: you need to replace "/dev/sdx" with the device name in your system)
5.2.5 LCD/HDMI Resolution
When the system boots our uboot will check whether it is connected to an LCD or to an HDMI monitor. If it recognizes an LCD it will configure its resolution. Our uboot defaults to the HDMI 720P configuration.
If you want to modify the LCD resolution you can modify file "arch/arm/plat-s5p4418/nanopi2/lcds.c" in the kernel and recompile it.
If your NanoPC-T2 is connected to an HDMI monitor and it runs Android it will automatically set the resolution to an appropriate HDMI mode by checking the "EDID". If your NanoPC-T2 is connected to an HDMI monitor and it runs Debian by default it will set the resolution to the HDMI 720P configuration. If you want to modify the HDMI resolution to 1080P modify your kernel's configuration as explained above.
5.3 Update Image Files in SD Card From PC Host
If you want to make some changes to the image files in your SD card follow the steps below otherwise you can skip this section.
Insert your SD card into a host PC running Linux, mount the boot and rootfs sections of the SD card and follow the steps below:
1) If you want to change your kernel command line parameters you can do it via the fw_setevn utility under "sd-fuse_nanopi2/tools".
Check the current Command Line:
cd sd-fuse_nanopi2/tools ./fw_printenv /dev/sdc | grep bootargs
Android 5.1.1_r6 starts SELinux. By default it is enforcing. You can change it this way:
./fw_setenv /dev/sdc bootargs XXX androidboot.selinux=permissive
This sets it to "permissive". The "XXX" stands for the original bootargs' value.
2) Update Kernel
Our customized uboot will check the LCD type when it boots.
For a non-Android OS if it recognizes that an LCD is connected to the NanoPC-T2 it will load "uImage" from "boot" otherwise it will load "uImage.hdmi".
For Android it doesn't make any difference which display device is detected. You can use your generated uImage to replace the existing one under "boot".
For Debian if your generated kernel is for an LCD you need to replace the existing uImage or if your kernel is for an HDMI monitor you need to replace the existing uImage.hdmi.
5.4 Run Android or Debian
- Insert an SD card with Android/Debian image file into your NanoPC-T2, connect the board to an HDMI monitor, press and hold the boot key, power on the board the NanoPC-T2 will boot from the SD card. If you can see the PWR LED on and the LED1 flashing it means your board is working and you will see Android/Debain being loaded on the HDMI monitor.
1)If you connect the NanoPC-T2 to an HDMI monitor you need to use a USB mouse and a USB keyboard to operate. If you connect it to an LCD with capacitive touch you can operate directly on the LCD.
2)If you want to do kernel development you need to use a serial communication board, ie a PSU-ONECOM board, which will allow you to operate the board via a serial terminal.
- Here is a setup where we connect a NanoPC-T2 to a PC running Ubuntu and Minicom via a serial cable you will see system messages output to the PC’s minicom terminal:
- Under Debian the password for "root" is "fa"
5.5 Login to Debian via VNC or SSH
If your NanoPC-T2 is not connected to a display device and your board runs the "-wifiap.img" image you can login to your NanoPC-T2's nanopi2-wifiap(the default password is "123456789") via a mobile phone. You can download and install a "VNC Viewer" from here on a mobile phone and login to the NanoPC-T2 via VNC. Its default password is "fa123456".
Here is a screenshot which shows how it looks like when users login to the NanoPC-T2 from an iPhone via VNC:
You can login via "SSH -l root 192.168.8.1" the default password for "root" is "fa"
To make SSH session run faster turn off the WiFi's power saving mode by using the following command:
iwconfig wlan0 power off
6 Working with Debian
6.1 Ethernet Connection
- If the NanoPC-T2 is connected to a network via Ethernet before it is powered on, it will automatically obtain an IP after it is powered up.
6.2 Wireless Connection
Run the following command to install a bluetooth utility:
apt-get install blueman
After it is installed successfully, reboot your board, click on the bluetooth icon at the bottom right corner and a menu will pop up
Make discoverable... enables the NanoPC-T2 to be searched for by nearby bluetooth devices;
Devices... opens a search window and searches for nearby bluetooth devices(Note: the "Make discoverable" property needs to be enabled on those nearby devices as well);
Send Files to Device...enables the NanoPC-T2 to send files to another bluetooth device which is paired to the NanoPC-T2
6.3 Install Debian Packages
We provide a Debian Jessie image. You can install Jessie's packages by commanding "apt-get". If this is your first installation you need to update the package list by running the following command
apt-get update
You can install your preferred packages. For example if you want to install an FTP server you can do this:
apt-get install vsftpd
Note: you can change your download server by editting "/etc/apt/sources.list". You can get a complete server list from [1]. You need to select the one with "armhf".
7 Make Your Own OS Image
7.1 Install Cross Compiler
Download the compiler package:
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/prebuilts.git sudo mkdir -p /opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain sudo tar xf prebuilts/gcc-x64/arm-cortexa9-linux-gnueabihf-4.9.3.tar.xz -C /opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/
Then add the compiler's directory to "PATH" by appending the following lines in "~/.bashrc":
export PATH=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/4.9.3/bin:$PATH export GCC_COLORS=auto
Execute "~/.bashrc" to make the changes take effect. Note that there is a space after the first ".":
. ~/.bashrc
This compiler is a 64-bit one therefore it cannot be run on a 32-bit Linux machine. After the compiler is installed you can verify it by running the following commands:
arm-linux-gcc -v Using built-in specs. COLLECT_GCC=arm-linux-gcc COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/4.9.3/libexec/gcc/arm-cortexa9-linux-gnueabihf/4.9.3/lto-wrapper Target: arm-cortexa9-linux-gnueabihf Configured with: /work/toolchain/build/src/gcc-4.9.3/configure --build=x86_64-build_pc-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-build_pc-linux-gnu --target=arm-cortexa9-linux-gnueabihf --prefix=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/4.9.3 --with-sysroot=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/4.9.3/arm-cortexa9-linux-gnueabihf/sys-root --enable-languages=c,c++ --with-arch=armv7-a --with-tune=cortex-a9 --with-fpu=vfpv3 --with-float=hard ... Thread model: posix gcc version 4.9.3 (ctng-1.21.0-229g-FA)
7.2 Compile U-Boot
Download the U-Boot source code and compile it. Note that the github's branch is nanopi2-lollipop-mr1:
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/uboot_nanopi2.git cd uboot_nanopi2 git checkout nanopi2-lollipop-mr1 make s5p4418_nanopi2_config make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-
After your compilation succeeds a u-boot.bin will be generated. If you want to test it flash it to your installation SD card via fastboot. Here is how you can do it:
1) On your host PC run "sudo apt-get install android-tools-fastboot" to install the fastboot utility;
2) Connect your NanoPC-T2 to your host PC via a serial cable (e.g. PSU-ONECOME). Press the enter key within two seconds right after you power on your NanoPC-T2 and you will enter uboot's command line mode;
3) After type in "fastboot" and press "enter" you will enter the fastboot mode;
4) Connect your NanoPC-T2 to this host PC via a microUSB cable and type in the following command to flash u-boot.bin:
fastboot flash bootloader u-boot.bin
Warning: you cannot update this SD card by commanding "dd". This command will cause trouble when booting the NanoPC-T2.
7.3 Prepare mkimage
You need the mkimage utility to compile a U-Boot source code package. Make sure this utility works well on your host before you start compiling a uImage.
You can install this utility by either commanding "sudo apt-get install u-boot-tools" or following the commands below:
cd uboot_nanopi2 make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux- tools sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/sbin && sudo cp -v tools/mkimage /usr/local/sbin
7.4 Compile Linux Kernel
7.4.1 Compile Kernel
- Download Kernel Source Code
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/linux-3.4.y.git cd linux-3.4.y git checkout nanopi2-lollipop-mr1
The NanoPC-T2's kernel source code lies in the "nanopi2-lollipop-mr1" branch.
- Compile Android Kernel
make nanopi2_android_defconfig touch .scmversion make uImage
- Compile Debian Kernel
make nanopi2_linux_defconfig touch .scmversion make uImage
After your compilation succeeds a uImage will be generated in the "arch/arm/boot/uImage" directory. This kernel is for HDMI 720P. You can use it to replace the existing uImage.hdmi.
If you want to generate a kernel for HDMI 1080P you can do it this way:
touch .scmversion make nanopi2_linux_defconfig make menuconfig Device Drivers --> Graphics support --> Nexell Graphics --> [ ] LCD [*] HDMI (0) Display In [0=Display 0, 1=Display 1] Resolution (1920 * 1080p) ---> make uImage
After your compilation succeeds a uImage will be generated for HDMI 1080P. You can use it to replace the existing uImage.
7.4.2 User Your Generated Kernel
- Update the kernel file in SD card
If you use an SD card to boot Android you can copy your generated uImage file to your SD card's boot section(e.g. section 1 /dev/sdX1).
If you use an SD card to Debian and you generated a uImage for an HDMI monitor you can use that uImage to replace the uImage.hdmi file in the SD card's boot section. If you use an SD card to Debian and you generated a uImage for an LCD you can use that uImage to replace the uImage file in the SD card's boot section.
- Update Android kernel file in eMMC
If you want to update the kernel file in eMMC you need firstly boot your board, then mount eMMC's boot section, replace the boot section's kernel file with your generated one and reboot your board to make your new kernel run.
If you boot your board from eMMC you can update your kernel file by following the steps below:
1) After Android is loaded mount eMMC's boot section (in our example eMMC's device name was /dev/mmcblk0p1) by using the following commands:
su mount -t ext4 /dev/block/mmcblk0p1 /mnt/media_rw/sdcard1/
2) Connect your board to a host PC running Ubuntu and copy the uImage file to eMMC's boot section by running the following commands
adb push uImage /mnt/media_rw/sdcard1/
3) Or you can copy your generated kernel file to an external storage card(e.g. an SD card or a USB drive), connect the storage card to your board the move the file from the card to eMMC's boot section
4) After update is done type in "reboot" to reload Android. Note don't directly power off and on the board or press the reset button to reboot the board. These two actions will damage your kernel file
- Update Debian kernel file in eMMC
If you boot your board from eMMC you can update your kernel file by following the steps below:
1) When Debian is being loaded eMMC's boot section will be automatically mounted(in our example eMMC's device name was /dev/mmcblk0p1). You can use "mount" to verify that
2) Connect your board to a host PC via Ethernet and copy your generated uImage file via scp/ftp to eMMC's boot section and replace the existing file. If your file is for an LCD use your uImage file to replace the existing uImage. If your file is for an HDMI monitor use your uImage.hdmi file to replace the existing uImage.hdmi file
3) Or you can copy your generated kernel file to an external storage card(e.g. an SD card or a USB drive), connect the storage card to your board the move the file from the card to eMMC's boot section
4) After update is done type in "reboot" to reload Debian. Note don't directly power off and on the board or press the reset button to reboot the board. These two actions will damage your kernel file
- Generate Your boot.img
If you want to generate an image file that can be flashed to eMMC you need to generate a boot.img file and copy it to your installation SD card
For Android copy the uImage file to Android source code's "device/friendly-arm/nanopi2/boot/" directory and compile this whole Android source code. After your compilation is successful you will get a boot.img file.
For Debian follow the steps below to generate a boot.img file
1) Download debian_nanopi2
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/debian_nanopi2.git
2) Copy the image file for an HDMI monitor and use it to replace the "debian_nanopi2/boot/uImage.hdmi" file and copy the image file for an LCD and use it to replace the "debian_nanopi2/boot/uImage" file
3) Generate Debian's boot.img
cd debian_nanopi2 mkdir rootfs ./build.sh
A newly generated boot.img will be under the "debian_nanopi2/sd-fuse_nanopi2/debian" directory.
The "mkdir rootfs" command creates a working directory for the build.sh script to run. It also creates some files such as "rootfs.img" but these files are useless.
7.4.3 Compile Kernel Modules
Android contains kernel modules which are in the "/lib/modules" directory in the system section. If you want to add your own modules to the kernel or you changed your kernel configurations you need to recompile these new modules.
Compile Original Kernel Modules:
cd linux-3.4.y make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux- modules
Here we have two new modules and we can compile them by following the commands below:
cd /opt/FriendlyARM/s5p4418/android ./vendor/friendly-arm/build/common/build-modules.sh
The "/opt/FriendlyARM/s5p4418/android" directory points to the top directory of Android source code. You can get more details by specifying option "-h".
After your compilation succeeds new modules will be generated
7.5 Compile Android
We provide two Android versions: Android 4.4 and Android 5.1. Both of them are compiled the same way.
- Install Cross Compiler
Install 64 bit Ubuntu 14.04 on your host PC.
sudo apt-get install bison g++-multilib git gperf libxml2-utils make python-networkx zip sudo apt-get install flex libncurses5-dev zlib1g-dev gawk minicom
For more details refer to https://source.android.com/source/initializing.html 。
- Download Android 5.1's Source Code
You need to use repo to get the Android source code. Refer to https://source.android.com/source/downloading.html 。
mkdir android && cd android repo init -u https://github.com/friendlyarm/android_manifest.git -b nanopi2-lollipop-mr1 repo sync
The "android" directory is the working directory.
- Compile System Package
source build/envsetup.sh lunch aosp_nanopi2-userdebug make -j8
After your compilation succeeds the following files will be generated in the "out/target/product/nanopi2/" directory.
filename partition Description boot.img boot - cache.img cache - userdata.img userdata - system.img system - partmap.txt - partition description file
- Flash Image to eMMC
After compiling Android successfully you can flash it to eMMC with either of the following methods
1) fastboot: right after the NanoPC-T2 is booted from eMMC press any key to enter the uboot commandline mode and type in "fastboot"
Connect your board to a host PC running Ubuntu with a USB cable and run the following commands in the PC's terminal:
cd out/target/product/nanopi2 sudo fastboot flash boot boot.img sudo fastboot flash cache cache.img sudo fastboot flash userdata userdata.img sudo fastboot flash system system.img sudo fastboot reboot
2) Use an SD Card
Copy these files: boot.img, cache.img, userdata.img, system.img, partmap.txt from the out/target/product/nanopi2 directory to your installation SD card's images/android directory and you can use this SD card to flash Android to eMMC
8 Connect NanoPC-T2 to External Modules
8.1 Connect NanoPC-T2 to USB Camera(FA-CAM202)
- In this use case the NanoPC-T 2 runs Debian. If you connect your NanoPC-T2 to our LCD or an HDMI monitor after Debain is fully loaded click on "other"-->"xawtv" on the left bottom of the GUI and the USB Camera application will be started. After enter "welcome to xawtv!" click on "OK" to start exploring.
8.2 Connect NanoPC-T2 to CMOS 5M-Pixel Camera
For more details about the CAM500A camera refer to [2]
- If your NanoPC-T2 runs Android5.1 and it is connected to our LCD or an HDMI monitor after Android is fully loaded click on the "Camera" icon and the application will be started. You can take pictures or record videos
- Under Debian/Ubuntu a camera utility "nanocams" is available for previewing 40 frames and picture taking. You can try it by following the commands below
sudo nanocams -p 1 -n 40 -c 4 -o IMG001.jpg
For more details about the usage of the nanocams run "nanocams -h". You can get its source code from our git hub:
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/nexell_linux_platform.git
8.3 Use OpenCV to Access USB Camera
- The full name of "OpenCV" is Open Source Computer Vision Library and it is a cross platform vision library.
- When the NanoPC-T2 runs Debian users can use OpenCV APIs to access a USB Camera device.
1. Here is a guideline on how to use OpenCV with C++ on the NanoPC-T2:
- Firstly you need to make sure your NanoPC-T2 is connected to the internet.Login to your NanoPC-T2 via a serial terminal or SSH. After login type in your username(root) and password(fa):
- Run the following commands:
apt-get update apt-get install libcv-dev libopencv-dev
2. Make sure your USB camera works with the NanoPC-T2. You can test your camera with NanoPC-T2's camera utility.
3. Check your camera device:
ls /dev/video*
- Note:in our test case video0 was the device name.
4. OpenCV's code sample(official code in C++) is under /home/fa/Documents/opencv-demo. Compile the code sample with the following commands:
cd /home/fa/Documents/opencv-demo make
After it is compiled successfully a "demo" executable will be generated
5. Connect NanoPC-T2 to USB Keyboard & Run the Following Command:
./demo
8.4 Connect NanoPC-T2 to Matrix GPS Module
- The Matrix-GPS module is a small GPS module with high performance. It can be used in navigation devices, four-axle drones and etc.
- The Matrix-GPS module uses serial communication. When the NanoPC-T2 is connected to the Matrix GPS module, after the NanoPC-T2 is powered up type in the following command in a terminal or click on the xgps icon it will be started.
$su - fa -c "DISPLAY=:0 xgps 127.0.0.1:9999"
- Or on the Debian GUI start the LXTerminal, type in "xgps" and enter it will be started too.
For more details about this GPS module refer to this link
Refer to the following diagram to connect the NanoPC-T2 to the Matrix-GPS:
Connection Details:
Matrix-GPS | NanoPC-T2 |
RXD | Pin11 |
TXD | Pin12 |
5V | Pin29 |
GND | Pin30 |
8.5 Connect NanoPC-T2 to FriendlyARM LCD Modules
- Android
Here are the LCDs that are supported under Android:S700/S701, S702, HD700, HD101 and X710 all of which are LCDs with capacitive touch.
- Debian
Here are the LCDs that are supported under Debian: S700/S701, S702, HD700, HD101 and X710 all of which are LCDs with capacitive touch;
W35B, P43, S70D and W101 all of which are LCDs with resistive touch
9 Access Serial Interface in Android
Download our open source demo:
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/android_SerialPortDemo.git
Enter the "android_SerialPortDemo" directory and follow the instructions in <<SerialPortDemo-manual.pdf>> to access the serial interface.
The demo code calls the APIs of the libfriendlyarm-hardware.so library to access the serial. For more details about these APIs you can refer to: http://www.arm9home.net/read.php?tid-82748.html
Note: Android's platform key is included in this code. Users who need the platform key can use the code.
10 More OS Support
10.1 Ubuntu-Core with Qt-Embedded
Ubuntu Core with Qt-Embedded is a light Linux system without X-windows. It uses the Qt-Embedded's GUI and is popular in industrial and enterprise applications.
Besides the regular Ubuntu core's features our Ubuntu-Core has the following additional features:
- it supports our LCDs with both capacitive touch and resistive touch(S700, X710, S70)
- it supports WiFi
- it supports Ethernet
- it supports Bluetooth and has been installed with bluez utilities
- it supports audio playing
For more details refer to Ubuntu Core with Qt-Embedded.
10.1.1 Flash Ubuntu-Core with Qt-Embedded to eMMC
1. Make an installation SD card with the win32 utility;
2. Insert this SD card to a host PC and copy the UbuntuCore image (in our example it was "ubuntu_core.img") and 2nboot file(in our example it was "2ndboot.bin.emmc") to it;
2nboot can be downloaded from: https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_s5p6818/tree/master/prebuilt
3. Run the following commands to flash the image file to your board's eMMC:
dd if=ubuntu_core.img of= /dev/mmcblk1
4. Flash the 2nboo file to the eMMC:
dd if=2ndboot.bin.emmc of=/dev/mmcblk1 bs=512 seek=1
10.2 Ubuntu-Mate
Ubuntu-Mate is a Ubuntu variant and its GUI is Mate-desktop. You can log in via SSH when you connect the NanoPC-T2 to an LCD or HDMI
FriendlyARM doesn't provide technical support for it
- Go to this link download link to download the image files
- Uncompress it and flash the image file to a TF card with win32diskimager under Windows
- After it is done you can boot your NanoPC-T2 with this card
- Login name: "root" or "fa", Password: fa
10.3 Kali
- Go to this link [3] to download the image files;
- Prepare an 8G High Speed MicroSD card, insert it to a Linux host and do "sudo fdisk -l" to check its device name, i.e. "/dev/sd*".
- Copy the image files to the card by running the following commands as root:
xzcat kali-2.0-nanopi2.img.xz | dd of=<YOURDEVICE> bs=1m
- After it is done you can boot your NanoPC-T2 with this card.
Note: this is offered by Kali and FriendlyARM doesn't provide technical support for it.
10.4 Deepin15 ARM
- Go to this link [4] to download the image files
- Uncompress the file and you will get a 16g.img file which is the image file for MicroSD card.
tar -xf deepin15_nanopi2_armhf_16g.tar.gz
- Prepare an 16G High Speed SD card, insert it into a Linux host and do "sudo fdisk -l" to check its device name, i.e. "/dev/sd*"
- Flash the image files to the card by running the following command as root(in our case our card was recognized as "/dev/sdc"):
sudo dd if=16g.img of=/dev/sdc
This process takes a while which can be up to one hour
- After it is done you can boot your NanoPC-T2 with this card
Notes:
1. The password for login name "deepin" is "deepin". The password for login name "root" is "admin".
2. The initial booting of Deepin15 takes a relative long time for it generates some configuration files.
3. If WiFi is activated in your system booting might take longer. In this case wait for the sound and wifi icons on the right bottom of the GUI to appear before you start any action.
ARM code: http://packages.deepin.com/armhf/ NanoPC-T2 Image: http://cdimage.deepin.com/armhf/15/beta1.0/ NanoPC-T2 Image Installation Instruction; http://bbs.deepin.org/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=36670 Forum for Migrating Deepin15 to ARM: http://bbs.deepin.org/
Note: this is offered by the Deepin15 team and FriendlyARM doesn't provide technical support for it.
10.5 Android-Remixos
Go to this link [5] to download the image files;
- Untar the image ball:
tar -xf nanopi2-android-remixos-sd4g.tar
- Use the win32diskimager utility to flash the image to an SD card.
It supports HDMI and LCD output and works with all existing FriendlyARM 4418 boards.
Note: this is offered by Remix team and FriendlyARM doesn't provide technical support for it.
11 Source Code and Image Files Download Links
12 Resources
- 《创客秘籍》Hacker's Book in Chinese by FriendlyARM
- 《创客秘籍-02》Hacker's Book-02 in Chinese by FriendlyARM
- 《创客秘籍-03》Hacker's Book-03 in Chinese by FriendlyARM
- SEC_Users_Manual_S5P4418_Users_Manual_Preliminary[8]
- Schematic(NanoPC-T2_1601B_Schematic.pdf)
- PCB Dimension(NanoPC-T2-Dimensions(dxf))
- Component-Position-Diagram([9])
- Matrix Modules & Wiki Sites:
- Button
- LED
- A/D Converter
- Relay
- 3-Axis Digital Accelerometer
- 3-Axis Digital Compass
- Temperature Sensor
- Temperature & Humidity Sensor
- Buzzer
- Joystick
- I2C(PCF8574)+LCD1602
- Sound Sensor
- Ultrasonic Ranger
- GPS
- Matrix - Compact Kit
- Fire Sensor
- CAM500A Camera
- BAll Rolling Switch
- 2'8 SPI Key TFT 2.8" SPI LCD
- IR Counter
- IR Receiver
- L298N Motor Driver
- MQ-2 Gas Sensor
- MQ-3 Gas Sensor
- One_Touch_Sensor
- _Photoresistor
- _Potentiometer
- Pressure & Temperature Sensor
- RGB LED
- RTC
- Rotary Encoder
- Soil Moisture Sensor
- Thermistor
- USB WiFi
- Water Sensor
13 Tech Support
If you have any further questions please visit our forum[10] and post a message or email us at techsupport@friendlyarm.com. We will endeavor to get back to you as soon as possible.
14 Update Log
14.1 March-04-2016
- Released English version
14.2 March-09-2016
- Corrected a typo
14.3 March-23-2016
- Added section 11
14.4 March-27-2016
- Corrected expression errors
14.5 April-08-2016
- Added section 6.4.2 and 7.4
- Updated section 6.5
14.6 June-30-2016
- Added section 9 and 10
14.7 Sep-04-2016
- Updated section 5.2.2 and 10.1.1
14.8 Sep-27-2016
- Updated section 5.2.2, 7.5 and 8.2