Difference between revisions of "NanoPi R3S"
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===Datasheets and Schematics=== | ===Datasheets and Schematics=== | ||
* Schematics | * Schematics | ||
− | ** | + | ** [https://wiki.friendlyelec.com/wiki/images/a/a3/NanoPi_R3S_2406_SCH.PDF NanoPi_R3S_2406_SCH.PDF] |
* PCB Dimensional Diagram | * PCB Dimensional Diagram | ||
− | ** | + | ** [https://wiki.friendlyelec.com/wiki/images/a/a3/NanoPi_R3S_2D_CAD_DXF.zip NanoPi_R3S_2D_CAD_DXF.zip] |
+ | |||
+ | * IC Datasheet | ||
+ | ** [https://wiki.friendlyelec.com/wiki/images/8/89/Rockchip_RK3566_Datasheet_V1.2-20220930.pdf Rockchip_RK3566_Datasheet_V1.2-20220930.pdf] | ||
==Update Logs== | ==Update Logs== | ||
{{RK3566-UpdateLog|NanoPi-R3S}} | {{RK3566-UpdateLog|NanoPi-R3S}} |
Revision as of 09:48, 26 August 2024
Contents
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Hardware Spec
- 3 Diagram, Layout and Dimension
- 4 Get Started
- 5 Work with FriendlyWrt
- 5.1 Introduction to FriendlyWrt
- 5.2 First boot
- 5.3 Account & Password
- 5.4 Login FriendlyWrt
- 5.5 Recommended security settings
- 5.6 Change LAN IP in LuCI
- 5.7 Safe shutdown operation
- 5.8 Soft Factory Reset
- 5.9 Install Software Packages
- 5.10 Disable IPv6
- 5.11 Configure the function of the user button
- 5.12 Configuring Quectel EC20 (4G module) dial-up networking
- 5.13 Some common issues of FriendlyWrt
- 5.14 Use USB2LCD to view IP and temperature
- 5.15 How to use USB WiFi
- 5.16 Work with Docker Applications
- 5.17 Mount smbfs
- 5.18 Use sdk to compile the package
- 5.19 Build FriendlyWrt using GitHub Actions
- 6 Work with Debian Core
- 7 How to Compile
- 8 Backup rootfs and create custom SD image (to burn your application into other boards)
- 9 Common Linux-based operating system operations
- 10 More OS Support
- 11 Resources
- 12 Update Logs
1 Introduction
- The NanoPi R3S(as "R3S") is an open source platform with dual-Gbps Ethernet ports designed and developed by FriendlyElec for IoT applications.
- The NanoPi R3S uses the RK3566 SoC, It has two Gbps Ethernet ports and 2G LPDDR4X RAM, 32GB eMMC (optional), FriendlyElec ported an OpenWrt system for it. It works with Docker CE. It is a good platform for developing IoT applications, NAS applications =etc.
2 Hardware Spec
- CPU: Rockchip RK3566, Quad-core Cortex-A55
- RAM: 2GB LPDDR4X
- Ethernet: one Native Gigabit Ethernet, and one PCIe Gigabit Ethernet
- USB3.0 Host: Type-A x1
- Storage: MicroSD Slot x 1, and on-board 32GB eMMC
- Debug Serial Port: 3.3V TTL, 3-pin 2.54mm pitch connector, 1500000 bauds
- LED: LED x 3
- RTC: One low-power RTC, support backup battery input
- Buttons: 1x User BUtton, 1x MASK button for eMMC flashing via USB-C
- Display: 1x MIPI-DSI 30-Pin FPC connector
- PCB Size: 57*57*1.2mm
- Power supply: USB-C 5V/2A input
- Temperature measuring range: 0℃ to 80℃
- OS/Software: U-boot,Ubuntu-Core,Debian-Core,OpenMediaVault, OpenWrt
3 Diagram, Layout and Dimension
3.1 Layout
4 Get Started
4.1 Essentials You Need
Before starting to use your NanoPi R3S get the following items ready
- NanoPi R3S
- MicroSD Card/TF Card: Class 10 or Above, minimum 8GB SDHC
- USB-C 5V/3A power adapter
- If you need to develop and compile,you need a computer that can connect to the Internet. It is recommended to install Ubuntu 20.04 64-bit system and use the following script to initialize the development environment, or use docker container:
4.2 TF Cards We Tested
Refer to: TFCardsWeTested
4.3 Configure parameters for serial port
Use the following serial parameters:
Baud rate | 1500000 |
Data bit | 8 |
Parity check | None |
Stop bit | 1 |
Flow control | None |
4.4 Install OS
4.4.1 Downloads
4.4.1.1 Official image
Visit download link to download official image files (in the "01_Official images" directory).
The table below lists all official images, the word 'XYZ' in image filename meaning:
- sd: Use it when you need to boot the entire OS from the SD card
- eflasher: Use it when you need to flash the OS to eMMC via TF card
- usb: Use it when you need to flash the OS to eMMC via USB
Icon | Image Filename | Version | Description | Kernel Version |
---|---|---|---|---|
![]() |
rk3566-XYZ-debian-bookworm-core-6.1-arm64-YYYYMMDD.img.gz | bookworm | Debian 12 Core, No desktop environment, command line only | 6.1.y |
![]() |
rk3566-XYZ-ubuntu-noble-core-6.1-arm64-YYYYMMDD.img.zip | noble | 64-bit Ubuntu image file based on Ubuntu core 24.04 64bit | 6.1.y |
![]() |
rk3566-XYZ-openmediavault-6.1-YYYYMMDD.img.gz | Shaitan | OpenMediaVault NAS system, base on Debian 12 | 6.1.y |
![]() |
rk3566-XYZ-friendlywrt-21.02-YYYYMMDD.img.gz | 21.02 | FriendlyWrt, based on OpenWrt 21.02 | 6.1.y |
![]() |
rk3566-XYZ-friendlywrt-21.02-docker-YYYYMMDD.img.gz | 21.02 | FriendlyWrt with Docker, based on OpenWrt 21.02 | 6.1.y |
![]() |
rk3566-XYZ-friendlywrt-23.05-YYYYMMDD.img.gz | 23.05 | FriendlyWrt, based on OpenWrt 23.05 | 6.1.y |
![]() |
rk3566-XYZ-friendlywrt-23.05-docker-YYYYMMDD.img.gz | 23.05 | FriendlyWrt with Docker, based on OpenWrt 23.05 | 6.1.y |
Other Image | ||||
![]() |
Github Actions - FriendlyWrt | 21.02,23.05 | FriendlyWrt | 6.1.y |
![]() |
rk3566-XYZ-multiple-os-YYYYMMDD-25g.img.gz | - | It contains multiple OS image files, making it convenient for testing different operating systems |
4.4.1.2 Tools (optional)
Visit download link to download tools (in the "05_Tools" directory).
Filename | Description |
---|---|
win32diskimager.rar | This program is designed to write a raw disk image to a removable device or backup a removable device to a raw image file |
SD Card Formatter | A program (application) that allows easy and quick clear the SD card |
RKDevTool_Release_v2.84.zip | Rockchip flashing tool, for USB upgrade |
4.4.2 Flashing the OS to the microSD card
Follow the steps below:
- Get an 8G microSD card;
- Visit download linkto download image files (in the "01_Official images/01_SD card images" directory);
- Download the win32diskimager tool (in the "05_Tools" directory), or use your preferred tool;
- Extract the .gz format compressed file to get the .img format image file;
- Run the win32diskimager utility under Windows as administrator. On the utility's main window select your SD card's drive, the wanted image file and click on "write" to start flashing the SD card.
- Take out the SD and insert it to NanoPi-R3S's microSD card slot;
- Power on NanoPi-R3S and it will be booted from your TF card, some models may require pressing the Power button to start;
5 Work with FriendlyWrt
5.1 Introduction to FriendlyWrt
FriendlyWrt is a customized system made by FriendlyElec based on an OpenWrt distribution. It is open source and well suitable for developing IoT applications, NAS applications etc.
5.2 First boot
For the first boot, the system needs to do the following initialization work:
1)Extended root file system
2)Initial setup(will execute /root/setup.sh)
So you need to wait for a while (about 2~3 minutes) to boot up for the first time, and then set FriendlyWrt, you can enter the ttyd terminal on the openwrt webpage, when the prompt is displayed as root@FriendlyWrt, it means the system has been initialized.
root@FriendlyWrt
5.3 Account & Password
The default password is password (empty password in some versions). Please set or change a safer password for web login and ssh login. It is recommended to complete this setting before connecting NanoPi-R3S to the Internet.
5.4 Login FriendlyWrt
Connect the PC to the LAN port of NanoPi-R3S. If your PC without a built-in ethernet port, connect the LAN port of the wireless AP to the LAN port of NanoPi-R3S, and then connect your PC to the wireless AP via WiFi , Enter the following URL on your PC's browser to access the admin page:
- http://friendlywrt/
- http://192.168.2.1/
- http://[fd00:ab:cd::1]
The above is the LAN port address of NanoPi-R3S. The IP address of the WAN port will be dynamically obtained from your main router through DHCP.
5.5 Recommended security settings
The following settings are highly recommended to complete before connecting NanoPi-R3S to the Internet。
- Set a secure password
- Only allow access to ssh from lan, change the port
- Check the firewall settings
Set up as you wish.
5.6 Change LAN IP in LuCI
1) Click on Network → Interfaces, then click on the Edit button of the LAN Network;
2) In General Setup tab, input new IP address (for example: 192.168.11.1), click "Save" and then click "Save & Apply";
3) On the pop-up window with the title “Connectivity change“, click "Apply and revert on connectivity loss";
4) Wait a moment, enter the new address in your computer's browser and login to FriendlyWrt;
5.7 Safe shutdown operation
Enter the "Services" -> "Terminal", enter the "poweroff" command and hit enter, wait until the led light is off, and then unplug the power supply.
5.8 Soft Factory Reset
Enter "System"->"Backup/Flash firmware",Click “Perform reset“ Button, Your device's settings will be reset to defaults like when FriendlyWrt was first installed.
You can also do this in the terminal:
firstboot && reboot
5.9 Install Software Packages
5.9.1 Set up openwrt official opkg source
sed -i -e 's/mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/downloads.openwrt.org/g' /etc/opkg/distfeeds.conf opkg update
5.9.2 Update Package List
Before install software packages update the package list:
$ opkg update
5.9.3 List Available Packages
$ opkg list
5.9.4 List Installed Packages
$ opkg list-installed
5.9.5 Install Packages
$ opkg install <package names>
5.9.6 Remove Packages
$ opkg remove <package names>
5.10 Disable IPv6
. /root/setup.sh disable_ipv6 reboot
5.11 Configure the function of the user button
By default, the user button is configured to reboot the device, as shown below:
echo 'BTN_1 1 /sbin/reboot' >> /etc/triggerhappy/triggers.d/example.conf
You can change its behavior by changing the configuration file above.
5.12 Configuring Quectel EC20 (4G module) dial-up networking
- Go to "Network" -> "Interfaces"
- Click "Delete" next to "WAN6", then click "Save & Apply"
- Click "Edit" next to "WAN", in the "Device" drop-down menu, select "Ethernet Adapter: wwan0", in the "Protocol" drop-down menu, select "QMI Cellular" and click "Switch Protocol"
- Click the "Modem Device" drop-down menu, select "/dev/cdc-wdm0", fill in the APN information (e.g. for China Mobile, enter "cmnet")
- Click "Save" to close the dialog, Finally, click "Save & Apply" at the bottom of the page to initiate the dial-up process
- Devices connected to LAN will have access to the Internet, If your device has a WiFi module, you can enable wireless AP functionality on the "Wireless" page and connect to the Internet via devices connected wirelessly
5.13 Some common issues of FriendlyWrt
- Unable to dial up
- Go to "Network" -> "Firewall" and set "Inbound Data", "Outbound Data" and "Forwarding" in "WAN Zone" to "Accept";
- If you still cannot access the Internet, you can try to turn off IPV6;
- Dial-up successful, but no outgoing traffic
- Go to "Services" -> "Terminal" and type "fw4 reload" to try to reload the firewall settings again;
- Unable to power on
- Try to replace the power adapter and cable. It is recommended to use a power supply with specifications above 5V/2A;
- Note that some fast chargers with Type-C interface will have a delay, it may take a few seconds to start providing power;
- When doing secondary routing, the computer cannot connect to the Internet
- If your main network is IPv4, and NanoPi-R3S works in IPv6, the computer may not be able to connect to the Internet. It is recommended to turn off IPv6 (the method is described later in this WiKi), or switch the main route to IPv6;
- If you have questions or have better suggestions, please send an email to techsupport@friendlyarm.com;
5.14 Use USB2LCD to view IP and temperature
Plug the USB2LCD module to the USB interface ofNanoPi-R3S and power on, the IP address and CPU temperature will be displayed on the LCD:
5.15 How to use USB WiFi
5.15.1 Check USB WiFi Device with Command Line Utility
(1) Click on "services>ttyd" to start the command line utility
(2) Make sure no USB devices are connected to your board and run the following command to check if any USB devices are connected or not
lsusb
(3) Connect a USB WiFi device to the board and run the command again
lsusb
You will see a new device is detected. In our test the device's ID was 0BDA:C811
(4) Type your device's ID (in our case it was "0BDA:C811" or "VID_0BDA&PID_C811") in a search engine and you may find a device that matches the ID. In our case the device we got was Realtek 8811CU.
5.15.2 Configure a USB WiFi Device as AP
(1) Connect a USB WiFi device to the NanoPi-R3S. We recommend you to use the following devices:
Note: devices that match these VID&PIDs would most likely work.
(2) Click on "System>Reboot" and reboot your NanoPi-R3S
(3) Click on "Network>Wireless" to enter the WiFi configuration page
(4) Click on "Edit" to edit the configuration
(5) On the "Interface Configuration" page you can set the WiFi mode and SSID, and then go to "Wireless Security" to change the password. By default the password is "password". After you make your changes click on "Save" to save
(6) After you change the settings you can use a smartphone or PC to search for WiFi
5.15.3 Common USB WiFi issues
1) It is recommended to plug in the usb wifi in the off state, then power it on, FriendlyWrt will automatically generate the configuration file /etc/config/wireless, if not, see if there is wlan0 by ifconfig -a, if there is no wlan0, usually there is no driver.
2) If ifconfig -a sees wlan0, but the hotspot is not working properly, try changing the channel and country code, an inappropriate country code can also cause the WiFi to not work.
3) Some USB WiFis (e.g. MTK MT7662) work in CD-ROM mode by default and need to be switched by usb_modeswitch, you can try to add usb_modeswitch configuration to the following directory: /etc/usb_modeswitch.d.
5.15.4 Change the default WiFi hotspot configuration
FriendlyWrt sets the country, hotspot name and other parameters for USB WiFi by default, with the aim of being as plug-and-play as possible, but this does not guarantee that all modules will be compatible with this setting, you can change these behaviors by modifying the following file:
/lib/wifi/mac80211.sh
5.16 Work with Docker Applications
5.16.1 Work with Docker: Install JellyFin
mkdir -p /jellyfin/config mkdir -p /jellyfin/videos docker run --restart=always -d -p 8096:8096 -v /jellyfin/config:/config -v /jellyfin/videos:/videos jellyfin/jellyfin:10.1.0-arm64 -name myjellyfin
After installation, visit port 8096 and here is what you would find:
5.16.2 Work with Docker: Install Personal Nextcloud
mkdir /nextcloud -p docker run -d -p 8888:80 --name nextcloud -v /nextcloud/:/var/www/html/ --restart=always --privileged=true arm64v8/nextcloud
After installtion, visit port 8888.
5.16.3 Expand Docker Storage
- Stop docker service first:
/etc/init.d/dockerd stop
- Rename the original /opt directory, create an empty /opt directory:
mv /opt /opt-old && mkdir /opt
- Format your drive as ext4, and mount it to the /opt directory:
- Enter the command "mount | grep /opt" to check the mount status:
root@FriendlyWrt:~# mount | grep /opt /dev/nvme0n1p1 on /opt type ext4 (rw,relatime) root@FriendlyWrt:~#
- Copy the files from the original /opt directory to the new /opt directory:
cp -af /opt-old/* /opt/ && rm -rf /opt-old
- Reboot the device
reboot
- After reboot, go to the "Docker" -> "Overview" page, check the information in the "Docker Root Dir" line, you can see that the Docker space has been expanded:
5.16.4 Docker FAQ and solutions
5.16.4.1 Unable to access the network services provided by the Docker container
Solution:
- Go to the "Firewall" settings and set "Forwarding" to "Accept";
- Turn off "Software Offload";
5.17 Mount smbfs
mount -t cifs //192.168.1.10/shared /movie -o username=xxx,password=yyy,file_mode=0644
5.18 Use sdk to compile the package
5.18.1 Install the compilation environment
Download and run the following script on 64-bit Ubuntu (version 18.04+): How to setup the Compiling Environment on Ubuntu bionic
5.18.2 Download and decompress sdk from the network disk
The sdk is located in the toolchain directory of the network disk:
tar xvf openwrt-sdk-*-rockchip-armv8_gcc-11.2.0_musl.Linux-x86_64.tar.xz # If the path is too long, it will cause some package compilation errors, so change the directory name here mv openwrt-sdk-*-rockchip-armv8_gcc-11.2.0_musl.Linux-x86_64 sdk cd sdk ./scripts/feeds update -a ./scripts/feeds install -a
5.18.3 Compile the package
download the source code of the example (a total of 3 examples are example1, example2, example3), and copy to the package directory:
git clone https://github.com/mwarning/openwrt-examples.git cp -rf openwrt-examples/example* package/ rm -rf openwrt-examples/
Then enter the configuration menu through the following command:
make menuconfig
In the menu, select the following packages we want to compile (actually selected by default):
"Utilities" => "example1" "Utilities" => "example3" "Network" => "VPN" => "example2"
execute the following commands to compile the three software packages:
make package/example1/compile V=99 make package/example2/compile V=99 make package/example3/compile V=99
After the compilation is successful, you can find the ipk file in the bin directory, as shown below:
$ find ./bin -name example*.ipk ./bin/packages/aarch64_generic/base/example3_1.0.0-220420.38257_aarch64_generic.ipk ./bin/packages/aarch64_generic/base/example1_1.0.0-220420.38257_aarch64_generic.ipk ./bin/packages/aarch64_generic/base/example2_1.0.0-220420.38257_aarch64_generic.ipk
5.18.4 Install the ipk to NanoPi
You can use the scp command to upload the ipk file to NanoPi:
cd ./bin/packages/aarch64_generic/base/ scp example*.ipk root@192.168.2.1:/root/
Then use the opkg command to install them:
cd /root/ opkg install example3_1.0.0-220420.38257_aarch64_generic.ipk opkg install example1_1.0.0-220420.38257_aarch64_generic.ipk opkg install example2_1.0.0-220420.38257_aarch64_generic.ipk
5.19 Build FriendlyWrt using GitHub Actions
Please refre this link: https://github.com/friendlyarm/Actions-FriendlyWrt
6 Work with Debian Core
6.1 Account & Password
Regular Account:
User Name: pi
Password: pi
Root:
the root user account is disabled by default, you may configure the root password through the 'sudo passwd root' command.
6.2 View IP address
Since the Debian Bullseye hostname is the hardware model by default, you can use the ping command to get the IP address:ping NanoPi-R3S
Debian Bullseye uses network-manager to manage the network, and the network ports are configured to automatically obtain IP addresses by DHCP (including devices with multiple network ports).
6.3 Connect to Debian via SSH
Run the following commandssh pi@NanoPi-R3S
The default password is: pi
6.4 Update Software Packages
$ sudo apt-get update
6.5 Change time zone
6.5.1 Check the current time zone
timedatectl
6.5.2 List all available time zones
timedatectl list-timezones
6.5.3 Set the time zone (e.g. Shanghai)
sudo timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai
6.6 Change startup LOGO
Replace the following two files in the kernel source code directory and recompile the kernel:
kernel/logo.bmp
kernel/logo_kernel.bmp
Or use the script to operate, as shown below:
- Download scripts:
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3399.git -b kernel-4.19 --single-branch cd sd-fuse_rk3399
- Compile kernel and repackage firmware
convert files/logo.jpg -type truecolor /tmp/logo.bmp convert files/logo.jpg -type truecolor /tmp/logo_kernel.bmp sudo LOGO=/tmp/logo.bmp KERNEL_LOGO=/tmp/logo_kernel.bmp ./build-kernel.sh debian-bookworm-core-arm64 sudo ./mk-sd-image.sh debian-bookworm-core-arm64 sudo ./mk-emmc-image.sh debian-bookworm-core-arm64
6.7 Soft Factory Reset
Execute the following command in a terminal:
sudo firstboot && sudo reboot
6.8 Install Docker on Debian
Please refer to: How to Install Docker on Debian
7 How to Compile
7.1 Setup Development Environment
7.1.1 Method 1: Using docker to cross-compile
Please refre to docker-cross-compiler-novnc
7.1.2 Method 2: Setup build environment on the host machine
7.1.2.1 Install required packages
Install and run requirements ubuntu 20.04, install required packages using the following commands:
sudo apt-get -y update sudo apt-get install -y sudo curl sudo bash -c \ "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/friendlyarm/build-env-on-ubuntu-bionic/master/install.sh)"
The following cross-compilers will be installed:
Version | Architecture | Compiler path | Purpose |
---|---|---|---|
4.9.3 | armhf | /opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/4.9.3 | Can be used to build 32-bit ARM applications |
6.4 | aarch64 | /opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/6.4-aarch64 | Can be used to build kernel 4.4 |
11.3 | aarch64 | /opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/11.3-aarch64 | Can be used to build kernel 4.19 or higher and U-Boot |
7.1.2.2 Setting the compiler path
Based on the table in the previous section, select the appropriate version of the compiler and add the compiler's path to PATH. For example, if you want to use the 11.3 cross-compiler, edit ~/.bashrc using vi and add the following content to the end:
export PATH=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/11.3-aarch64/bin:$PATH export GCC_COLORS=auto
Run the ~/.bashrc script to make it effective in the current commandline. Note: there is a space after ".":
. ~/.bashrc
To verify if the installation was successful:
$ aarch64-linux-gcc -v Using built-in specs. COLLECT_GCC=aarch64-linux-gcc COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/11.3-aarch64/libexec/gcc/aarch64-cortexa53-linux-gnu/11.3.0/lto-wrapper Target: aarch64-cortexa53-linux-gnu Configured with: /home/cross/arm64/src/gcc/configure --build=x86_64-build_pc-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-build_pc-linux-gnu --target=aarch64-cortexa53-linux-gnu --prefix=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/11.3-aarch64 --exec_prefix=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/11.3-aarch64 --with-sysroot=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/11.3-aarch64/aarch64-cortexa53-linux-gnu/sysroot --enable-languages=c,c++ --enable-fix-cortex-a53-843419 --with-arch=armv8-a+crypto+crc --with-cpu=cortex-a53 --with-pkgversion=ctng-1.25.0-119g-FA --with-bugurl=http://www.friendlyelec.com/ --enable-objc-gc --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libmudflap --disable-libgomp --disable-libssp --disable-libquadmath --disable-libquadmath-support --disable-libsanitizer --disable-libmpx --with-gmp=/home/cross/arm64/buildtools --with-mpfr=/home/cross/arm64/buildtools --with-mpc=/home/cross/arm64/buildtools --with-isl=/home/cross/arm64/buildtools --enable-lto --enable-threads=posix --disable-libstdcxx-pch --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new --enable-gnu-indirect-function --enable-gnu-unique-object --enable-default-pie --enable-linker-build-id --with-linker-hash-style=gnu --enable-plugin --enable-gold --with-libintl-prefix=/home/cross/arm64/buildtools --disable-multilib --with-local-prefix=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/11.3-aarch64/aarch64-cortexa53-linux-gnu/sysroot --enable-long-long --enable-checking=release --enable-link-serialization=2 Thread model: posix Supported LTO compression algorithms: zlib gcc version 11.3.0 (ctng-1.25.0-119g-FA)
7.2 Build Openwrt/Friendlywrt
7.2.1 Download Code
Two versions are available, please choose as required:
7.2.1.1 FriendlyWrt 21.02
mkdir friendlywrt21-rk3566 cd friendlywrt21-rk3566 git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/repo --depth 1 tools tools/repo init -u https://github.com/friendlyarm/friendlywrt_manifests -b master-v21.02 \ -m rk3566.xml --repo-url=https://github.com/friendlyarm/repo --no-clone-bundle tools/repo sync -c --no-clone-bundle
7.2.1.2 FriendlyWrt 23.05
mkdir friendlywrt23-rk3566 cd friendlywrt23-rk3566 git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/repo --depth 1 tools tools/repo init -u https://github.com/friendlyarm/friendlywrt_manifests -b master-v23.05 \ -m rk3566.xml --repo-url=https://github.com/friendlyarm/repo --no-clone-bundle tools/repo sync -c --no-clone-bundle
7.2.2 First compilation step
./build.sh rk3566.mk # or rk3566-docker.mk
All the components (including u-boot, kernel, and friendlywrt) are compiled and the sd card image will be generated, then execute the following command to generate the image file for installing the system into the emmc:
./build.sh emmc-img
After making changes to the project, the sd card image needs to be repackaged by running the following command:
./build.sh sd-img
7.2.3 Secondary compilation steps
cd friendlywrt make menuconfig rm -rf ./tmp make -j${nproc} cd ../ ./build.sh sd-img ./build.sh emmc-img
7.2.4 Build u-boot only
./build.sh uboot
7.2.5 Build kernel only
./build.sh kernel
7.2.6 Build friendlywrt only
./build.sh friendlywrt
Or go to the friendlywrt directory and follow the standard openwrt commands. If you get an error with the above command, try using the following command to compile in a single thread:
cd friendlywrt make -j1 V=s
7.3 Build Other Linux
7.3.1 Kernel and u-boot versions
Operating System | Kernel Version | U-boot version | Cross-compiler | Partition type | Packaging Tool | Kernel branch | Kernel configuration | U-boot branch | U-boot configuration |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
openmediavault-arm64 | linux v6.1.y | u-boot v2017.09 |
11.3-aarch64 | GPT | sd-fuse |
nanopi6-v6.1.y | nanopi5_linux_defconfig | nanopi5-v2017.09 | nanopi5_defconfig |
ubuntu-noble-core-arm64 | GPT | ||||||||
debian-bookworm-core-arm64 | |||||||||
friendlywrt21 | nanopi5_linux_defconfig +friendlywrt.config | ||||||||
friendlywrt21-docker | |||||||||
friendlywrt23 | |||||||||
friendlywrt23-docker |
- Kernel git repo:https://github.com/friendlyarm/kernel-rockchip
- U-boot git repo:https://github.com/friendlyarm/uboot-rockchip
- The cross-compile toolchain is located in the path: /opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/
- The SD-Fuse is a helper script to make bootable SD card image.
7.3.2 Build kernel linux-v6.1.y
This section applies to the following operating systems:
friendlywrt21 | friendlywrt21-docker | friendlywrt23 | friendlywrt23-docker | ubuntu-noble-core-arm64 | openmediavault-arm64 | debian-bookworm-core-arm64 |
Clone the repository to your local drive then build:
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/kernel-rockchip --single-branch --depth 1 -b nanopi6-v6.1.y kernel-rockchip cd kernel-rockchip export PATH=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/11.3-aarch64/bin/:$PATH touch .scmversion # Configuring the Kernel # Load default configuration make CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- ARCH=arm64 nanopi5_linux_defconfig # Optionally, load configuration for FriendlyWrt # make CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- ARCH=arm64 nanopi5_linux_defconfig friendlywrt.config # Optionally, if you want to change the default kernel config # make CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- ARCH=arm64 menuconfig # Start building kernel make CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- ARCH=arm64 -j$(nproc) # Start building kernel modules mkdir -p out-modules && rm -rf out-modules/* make CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- ARCH=arm64 INSTALL_MOD_PATH="$PWD/out-modules" modules -j$(nproc) make CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- ARCH=arm64 INSTALL_MOD_PATH="$PWD/out-modules" modules_install KERNEL_VER=$(make CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu- ARCH=arm64 kernelrelease) [ ! -f "$PWD/out-modules/lib/modules/${KERNEL_VER}/modules.dep" ] && depmod -b $PWD/out-modules -E Module.symvers -F System.map -w ${KERNEL_VER} (cd $PWD/out-modules && find . -name \*.ko | xargs aarch64-linux-strip --strip-unneeded)
Pack the kernel.img and resource.img:
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3566/kernel-6.1.y/tools/mkkrnlimg && chmod 755 mkkrnlimg wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3566/kernel-6.1.y/tools/resource_tool && chmod 755 resource_tool wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3566/kernel-6.1.y/prebuilt/boot/logo.bmp wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3566/kernel-6.1.y/prebuilt/boot/logo_kernel.bmp ./mkkrnlimg arch/arm64/boot/Image kernel.img ./resource_tool --dtbname arch/arm64/boot/dts/rockchip/rk3566-nanopi*-rev*.dtb logo.bmp logo_kernel.bmp
After the compilation, the following files will be generated:
kernel.img | resource.img | The kernel modules are located in the out-modules directory |
Run your build:
Please refre to #Running the build
7.3.3 Build u-boot v2017.09
This section applies to the following operating systems:
friendlywrt21 | friendlywrt21-docker | friendlywrt23 | friendlywrt23-docker | ubuntu-noble-core-arm64 | openmediavault-arm64 | debian-bookworm-core-arm64 |
Clone the repository to your local drive then build:
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/rkbin --single-branch --depth 1 -b friendlyelec git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/uboot-rockchip --single-branch --depth 1 -b nanopi5-v2017.09 export PATH=/opt/FriendlyARM/toolchain/11.3-aarch64/bin/:$PATH cd uboot-rockchip/ ./make.sh nanopi_r3
After the compilation, the following files will be generated:
uboot.img | trust.img | rk356x_spl_loader_vX.YY.ZZZ.bin (aka MiniLoaderAll.bin) |
Run your build:
Please refre to #Running the build
7.3.4 Running the build
7.3.4.1 Install to target board
This section applies to the following operating systems:
friendlywrt21 | friendlywrt21-docker | friendlywrt23 | friendlywrt23-docker | ubuntu-noble-core-arm64 | openmediavault-arm64 | debian-bookworm-core-arm64 |
RK3566 uses GPT partitions by default, you can use the dd command, but be careful to choose the right output device:
- The SD/TF Card device node: /dev/mmcblk0
- The eMMC device node: /dev/mmcblk2
The following is an example of how to update the kernel to eMMC:
Use the 'parted' command to view the partition layout:
parted /dev/mmcblk2 print
Sample outputs:
Model: MMC BJTD4R (sd/mmc) Disk /dev/mmcblk2: 31.3GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 8389kB 12.6MB 4194kB uboot 2 12.6MB 16.8MB 4194kB trust 3 16.8MB 21.0MB 4194kB misc 4 21.0MB 25.2MB 4194kB dtbo 5 25.2MB 41.9MB 16.8MB resource 6 41.9MB 83.9MB 41.9MB kernel 7 83.9MB 134MB 50.3MB boot 8 134MB 2500MB 2366MB ext4 rootfs 9 2500MB 31.3GB 28.8GB ext4 userdata
as shown above, the resource partition is located at 5 and the kernel partition is located at 6. Use the dd command to write the resource.img and kernel.img files to these partitions, the commands are as follows:
dd if=resource.img of=/dev/mmcblk2p5 bs=1M dd if=kernel.img of=/dev/mmcblk2p6 bs=1M
If you want to update u-boot:
dd if=uboot.img of=/dev/mmcblk2p1 bs=1M
To update new driver modules, copy the newly compiled driver modules to the appropriate directory under /lib/modules.
7.3.4.2 Packaging and creating an SD image
To create a new OS image file, you need to use the "sd-fuse" packaging tool.
"sd-fuse" is a collection of scripts that can be used to create bootable SD card images for FriendlyElec boards. Its main features include:
- Creation of root filesystem images from a directory
- Building of bootable SD card images
- Simple compilation of kernel, U-Boot, and third-party drivers
Please click on the following link to find out more:
Kernel version | Packaging Tool |
---|---|
linux v6.1.y | sd-fuse_rk3566/kernel-6.1.y |
7.3.4.3 USB flashing
7.3.4.3.1 Linux
Reboot the board and enter loader mode with the following command:
sudo reboot loader
To flash U-Boot and kernel using the "upgrade_tool_v2.30_for_linux" tool, please use the following command:
sudo upgrade_tool di -k kernel.img sudo upgrade_tool di -re resource.img sudo upgrade_tool di -u uboot.img sudo upgrade_tool RD
Note: "upgrade_tool" is a command-line tool provided by Rockchip for Linux operating systems (Linux_Upgrade_Tool).
7.4 Build the code using scripts
7.4.1 Download scripts and image files
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/sd-fuse_rk3566.git -b kernel-6.1.y cd sd-fuse_rk3566 wget http://112.124.9.243/dvdfiles/rk3566/images-for-eflasher/ubuntu-noble-core-arm64-images.tgz tar xvzf ubuntu-noble-core-arm64-images.tgz
7.4.2 Compile the kernel
Download the kernel source code and compile it. the relevant image files in the ubuntu-noble-core-arm64 directory will be automatically updated, including the kernel modules in the file system:
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/kernel-rockchip --depth 1 -b nanopi6-v6.1.y kernel-rk3566 KERNEL_SRC=$PWD/kernel-rk3566 ./build-kernel.sh ubuntu-noble-core-arm64
7.4.3 Compile the kernel headers
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/kernel-rockchip --depth 1 -b nanopi6-v6.1.y kernel-rk3566 MK_HEADERS_DEB=1 BUILD_THIRD_PARTY_DRIVER=0 KERNEL_SRC=$PWD/kernel-rk3566 ./build-kernel.sh ubuntu-noble-core-arm64
7.4.4 Compile the uboot
Download the uboot source code and compile it. the relevant image files in the ubuntu-noble-core-arm64 directory will be automatically updated:
git clone https://github.com/friendlyarm/uboot-rockchip --depth 1 -b nanopi5-v2017.09 UBOOT_SRC=$PWD/uboot-rockchip ./build-uboot.sh ubuntu-noble-core-arm64
7.4.5 Generate new image
Repackage the image file in the ubuntu-noble-core-arm64 directory into sd card image:
./mk-sd-image.sh ubuntu-noble-core-arm64
After the command is completed, the image is in the out directory.
8 Backup rootfs and create custom SD image (to burn your application into other boards)
8.1 Backup rootfs
Run the following commands on your target board. These commands will back up the entire root partition:
sudo passwd root su root cd / tar --warning=no-file-changed -cvpzf /rootfs.tar.gz \ --exclude=/rootfs.tar.gz --exclude=/var/lib/docker/runtimes \ --exclude=/etc/firstuser --exclude=/etc/friendlyelec-release \ --exclude=/usr/local/first_boot_flag --one-file-system /
Note: if there is a mounted directory on the system, an error message will appear at the end, which can be ignored.
8.2 Making a bootable SD card from a root filesystem
Only support RK3328/RK3399/RK3568/RK3566/RK3588
9 Common Linux-based operating system operations
9.1 Using ADB on Linux Systems
9.1.1 Enabling ADB in Buildroot System
Enable on Startup
mv /etc/init.d/K50usbdevice /etc/init.d/S50usbdevice reboot
Enable Temporarily
usbdevice-wrapper start
9.1.2 Enabling ADB in Ubuntu and Debian Systems
Enable on Startup
sudo systemctl enable usbdevice sudo reboot
Enable Temporarily
usbdevice-wrapper start
9.1.3 How to Connect
When using ADB, the port connected to the computer is the same as the USB flashing port.
9.2 Install Kernel Headers
sudo dpkg -i /opt/archives/linux-headers-*.deb
10 More OS Support
10.1 DietPi
DietPi is a highly optimised & minimal Debian-based Linux distribution. DietPi is extremely lightweight at its core, and also extremely easy to install and use.
Setting up a single board computer (SBC) or even a computer, for both regular or server use, takes time and skill. DietPi provides an easy way to install and run favourite software you choose.
For more information, please visit this link https://dietpi.com/docs/.
DietPi supports many of the NanoPi board series, you may download the image file from here:
11 Resources
11.1 Datasheets and Schematics
- Schematics
- PCB Dimensional Diagram
- IC Datasheet
12 Update Logs
12.1 2024-08-26
Initial Release